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Clayey soil stabilization using alkali-activated volcanic ash and slag

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Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2022年第2期14卷 576-591页

作者： Hania Miraki Nader Shariatmadari Pooria Ghadir Soheil Jahandari Zhong Tao Rafat Siddique Department of Civil Engineering Iran University of Science and TechnologyTehranIran Centre for Infrastructure Engineering Western Sydney UniversityPenrithNSW2751Australia Thapar Institute of Engineering and Technology PatialaIndia

Lime and Portland cement are the most widely used binders in soil stabilization ***,due to the high carbon emission in cement production,research on soil stabilization by the use of more environmentally-friendly binders with lower carbon footprint has attracted much attention in recent *** research investigated the potential of using alkali-activated ground granulated blast furnace slag(GGBS)and volcanic ash(VA)as green binders in clayey soil stabilization projects,which has not been studied *** effects of different combinations of VA with GGBS,various liquid/solid ratios,different curing conditions,and different curing periods(i.e.7 d,28 d and 90 d)were *** strength and durability of specimens against wet-dry and freeze-thaw cycles were then studied through the use of mechanical and microstructural *** results demonstrated that the coexistence of GGBS and VA in geopolymerization process was more effective due to the synergic formation of N-A-S-H and C-(A)-S-H ***,although VA needs heat curing to become activated and develop strength,its partial replacement with GGBS made the binder suitable for application at ambient temperature and resulted in a remarkably superior resistance against wet-dry and freeze-thaw *** carbon embodied of the mixtures was also evaluated,and the results confirmed the low carbon footprints of the alkali-activated ***,it was concluded that the alkali-activated GGBS/VA could be promisingly used in clayey soil stabilization projects instead of conventional binders.

关键词： soil stabilization Alkali-activated material Volcanic ash(VA) Ground granulated blast furnace slag(GGBS) Curing condition Durability

Biopolymer stabilization of clayey soil

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Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2024年第7期16卷 2801-2812页

作者： Mahdieh Azimi Amin Soltani Mehdi Mirzababaei Mark B.Jaksa Nanjappa Ashwath College of Engineering and Aviation School of Engineering and TechnologyCQUniversityMelbourneVIC 3000Australia Institute of Innovation Science and Sustainabilityand Future Regions Research CenterFederation UniversityChurchillVIC 3842Australia Department of Infrastructure Engineering Faculty of Engineering and Information TechnologyThe University of MelbourneParkvilleVIC 3010Australia School of Architecture and Civil Engineering The University of AdelaideAdelaideSA 5005Australia School of Health Medical and Applied SciencesCQUniversityRockhamptonQLD 4701Australia

This study investigates the efficacy of sodium alginate(SA),xanthan gum(XG),guar gum(GG)and chitosan(CS)d each applied at five different solid biopolymer-to-water mass ratios(or dosages)and cured for 7 d and 28 d d on the unconfined compressive strength(UCS)performance of a high plasticity clayey ***,on identifying the optimum biopolymer-treatment scenarios,their performance was compared against conventional stabilization using hydrated *** a given curing time,the UCS for all biopolymers followed a riseefall trend with increasing biopolymer dosage,peaking at an optimum dosage and then subsequently decreasing,such that all biopolymer-stabilized samples mobilized higher UCS values compared to the unamended *** optimum dosage was found to be 1.5%for SA,XG and CS,while a notably lower dosage of 0.5%was deemed optimum for ***,for a given biopolymer type and dosage,increasing the curing time from 7 d to 28 d further enhanced the UCS,with the achieved improvements being generally more pronounced for XG-and CS-treated *** of the investigated biopolymers was able to produce UCS improvements equivalent to those obtained by the 28-d soilelime samples;however,the optimum XG,GG and CS dosages,particularly after 28 d of curing,were easily able to replicate 7-d lime stabilization outcomes achieved with as high as twice the soil’s lime ***,the fundamental principles of clay chemistry,in conjunction with the soil mechanics framework,were employed to identify and discuss the clayebiopolymer stabilization mechanisms.

关键词： soil stabilization High plasticity clay Biopolymer dosage Hydrated lime Curing time Unconfined compressive strength(UCS)

Effect of CO_(2)exposure on the mechanical strength of geopolymerstabilized sandy soils

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Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2024年第2期16卷 670-681页

作者： Hamid Reza Razeghi Armin Geranghadr Fatemeh Safaee Pooria Ghadir Akbar A.Javadi School of Civil Engineering Iran University of Science and TechnologyTehran***Iran Department of Engineering University of ExeterExeterEX44QFUK

In recent years,there has been growing interest in developing methods for mitigating greenhouse effect,as greenhouse gas emissions continue to contribute to global temperature *** the other hand,investigating geopolymers as environmentally friendly binders to mitigate the greenhouse effect using soil stabilization has been widely ***,the effect of CO_(2)exposure on the mechanical properties of geopolymer-stabilized soils is rarely *** this context,the effect of CO_(2)exposure on the mechanical and microstructural features of sandy soil stabilized with volcanic ash-based geopolymer was *** factors were concerned,for example the binder content,relative density,CO_(2)pressure,curing condition,curing time,and carbonate *** results showed that the compressive strength of the stabilized sandy soil specimens with 20%volcanic ash increased from 3 MPa to 11 *** was also observed that 100 kPa CO_(2)pressure was the optimal pressure for strength development among the other *** mechanical strength showed a direct relationship with binder content and carbonate ***,in the ambient curing(AC)condition,the mechanical strength and carbonate content increased with the curing ***,the required water for carbonation evaporated after 7 d of oven curing(OC)condition and as a result,the 14-d cured samples showed lower mechanical strength and carbonate content in comparison with 7-d cured ***,the rate of strength development was higher in OC cured samples than AC cured samples until 7 d due to higher geopolymerization and carbonation rate.

关键词： soil stabilization CO_(2)effect Geopolymer

Application of biocementation technique using Bacillus sphaericus for stabilization of soil surface and dust storm control

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Journal of Arid Land 2022年第5期14卷 537-549页

作者： Davood NAMDAR-KHOJASTEH Masoud BAZGIR Seyed Abdollah HASHEMI BABAHEIDARI Akwasi B ASUMADU-SAKYI Department of soil Science Faculty of AgricultureShahed UniversityTehran ***Iran Department of soil and Water Engineering Faculty of AgricultureIlam UniversityIlam ***Iran Department of Plant Protection Faculty of AgricultureShahed UniversityTehran ***Iran International Laboratory for Air Quality and Health School of ChemistryPhysics and Mechanical EngineeringQueensland University of TechnologyBrisbaneQueensland 4000Australia

Dust emission and wind erosion are widespread phenomena in arid and semi-arid regions,which have far-reaching harmful effects to the *** study aimed to use microbial induced carbonate precipitation(MICP)method with Bacillus sphaericus to reduce soil losses that occur in a dust-producing area due to wind erosion in the Ilam Province,*** samples at the 0-30 cm depth were used and sterilized in an autoclave for 2 h at 121℃ and 103 *** 3 kg soils were weighed and poured in the 35 cm×35 cm×3 cm *** treatments included two levels of ***(0.0 and 0.5 OD),three levels of suspension volume(123,264,and 369 mL),two levels of urea-chloride cementation solution(0.0 and 0.5 M),and two levels of bacterial spray(once and twice spray).After 28 d,soil properties such as soil mass loss,penetration resistance,and aggregate stability were *** results showed a low soil mass loss(1 g)in F_(14)formulation(twice bacterial spray+264 mL suspension volume+without cementation solution)and a high soil mass loss(246 g)in F_(5) formulation(without bacteria+264 mL suspension volume+0.5 M cementation solution).The highest(42.55%)and the lowest(19.47%)aggregate stabilities were observed in F_(16)and F_(7)formulations,respectively,and the highest penetration resistance(3.328 kg/cm^(2))was observed in F_(18) *** to the final results,we recommended the formulation with twice bacterial spray,0.5 M cementation solution,and 269 mL suspension volume as the best combination for soil surface ***,this method is environmentally friendly because it has no adverse effects on soil,water,and plants,thus,it would be an efficient approach to stabilize soil surface.

关键词： soil stabilization microbial cementation calcium carbonate bacteria penetration resistance

Using Sorghum Stalk as a Partial Replacement of Lime in the stabilization of Red Clay soil for Road Sub-Grade Construction

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Engineering（科研） 2023年第6期15卷 367-377页

作者： Joel Kimarai Dedan Kimathi University of Technology Nyeri Kenya

This research aimed at testing the viability of using Sorghum Stalk Ash (SSA) as a partial replacement of lime in the stabilization of red clay soils for road subgrade construction. Red clay soils have been identified as highly expansive soils, which are affected by both climatic conditions and loading patterns. The consideration of both traffic loading patterns and climatic effects on these soils has been taken into account. A penetration test of 2.5 mm has been used on both pure red soils and stabilized soils at 10% and 15% partial replacement of lime with SSA and showed an improvement in the CBR of stabilized red clay soils up to 11.6%. Again, the PI of stabilized soils at 15% partial replacement of lime reduced up to 11.2%. The results obtained on both CBR and PI of these red clay soils are within the recommended values for the effective subgrade required for laying both permanent and flexible pavements. As a result, a recommendation of making use of SSA to lower the quantities of lime and its costs used in the stabilization of highly expansive soils have been tested through this research. However, further research on a more percentage partial replacement of lime to improve the PI of these soils to below 10% while keeping the CBR levels within the road construction regulations is welcomed.

关键词： Red Clay soils Expansive soils Sorghum Stalk Ash (SSA) CBR Values PI soil stabilization Road Subgrade Flexible/Permanent Pavement

Plasticity,strength,permeability and compressibility characteristics of black cotton soil stabilized with precipitated silica

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Journal of Central South University 2016年第10期23卷 2688-2694页

作者： R.Gobinath G.P.Ganapathy I.I.Akinwumi S.Kovendiran S.Hema M.Thangaraj VIT University VelloreIndia Department of Civil Engineering Jay Shriram Group of InstitutionsTiruppurIndia Centre for Disaster Mitigation and Management VIT UniversityVelloreIndia Department of Civil Engineering College of EngineeringCovenant UniversityOtaOgun StateNigeria

The suitability of using precipitated silica(PS) from the burning of rice husk was investigated to improve the geotechnical engineering properties of a black cotton soil. A laboratory experimental program consisting of series of specific gravity, Atterberg limits, compaction, California bearing ratio(CBR), unconfined compression and consolidation tests was conducted on the untreated and PS treated soil samples. The application of PS to the soil significantly changed its properties by reducing its plasticity and making it more workable, improving its soaked strength, and increasing its permeability and the rate at which the soil gets consolidated. An optimal PS content of 50%, which provided the highest soaked strength, is recommended for the improvement of the subgrade characteristics of the BC soil for use as a pavement layer material.

关键词： black cotton soil expansive soil precipitated silica rice husk ash soil stabilization

Geotechnical investigation of low-plasticity organic soil treated with nano-calcium carbonate

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Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2023年第2期15卷 500-509页

作者： Govindarajan Kannan Brendan C.O’Kelly Evangelin Ramani Sujatha Centre for Advanced Research in Environment School of Civil EngineeringSASTRA Deemed to be UniversityThanjavurTamil Nadu613401India Department of Civil Structural and Environmental EngineeringTrinity College DublinDublinD02 PN40Ireland

soil stabilization using nanomaterials is an emerging research area although,to date,its investigation has mostly been laboratory-based and therefore requires extensive study for transfer to practical field *** present study advocates nano-calcium carbonate(NCC)material,a relatively unexplored nanomaterial additive,for stabilization of low-plasticity fine-grained soil having moderate organic *** plasticity index,compaction,unconfined compressive strength(UCS),compressibility and permeability characteristics of the 0.2%,0.4%,0.6%and 0.8%NCC-treated soil,and untreated soil(as control),were determined,including investigations of the effect of up to 90-d curing on the UCS and permeability *** terms of UCS improvement,0.4%NCC addition was identified as the optimum dosage,mobilizing a UCS at 90-d curing of almost twice that for the untreated *** treated soil,particle aggregation arising from NCC addition initially produced an increase in the permeability coef-ficient,but its magnitude decreased for increased curing owing to calcium silicate hydrate(CSH)gel formation,although still remaining higher compared to the untreated soil for all dosages and curing periods *** index decreased for all NCC-treated soil *** micro-graphs indicated the presence of gel patches along with particle aggregation.X-ray diffraction(XRD)results showed the presence of hydration products,such as *** increases in UCS are initially attributed to void filling and then because of CSH gel formation with increased curing.

关键词： Organic silt Calcium carbonate Nano-calcium carbonate(NCC) Calcium silicate hydrate(CSH) soil stabilization

Effects of biochar-amended alkali-activated slag on the stabilization of coral sand in coastal areas

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Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2023年第3期15卷 760-772页

作者： Xiaole Han Ningjun Jiang Fei Jin Krishna RReddy Yijie Wang Kaiwei Liu Yanjun Du Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering University of Hawaii at ManoaHonoluluUSA Institute of Geotechnical Engineering Southeast UniversityNanjing210096China School of Engineering Cardiff UniversityCardiffUK Department of Civil Materialsand Environmental EngineeringUniversity of Illinois at ChicagoChicagoUSA College of Materials and Chemical Engineering Anhui Jianzhu UniversityHefei230601China

Coral sand is widely encountered in coastal areas of tropical and subtropical *** with silica sand,it usually exhibits weaker performance from the perspective of engineering *** improve the geomechanical performance of coral sand and meet the requirement of foundation construction in coastal areas,a novel alkali activation-based sustainable binder was *** alkaliactivated slag(AAS)binder material was composed of ground granulated blast-furnace slag(GGBS)and hydrated lime with the amendment of biochar,an agricultural waste-derived *** biocharamended AAS stabilized coral sand was subjected to a series of laboratory tests to determine its mechanical,physicochemical,and microstructural *** show that adding a moderate amount of biochar in AAS could improve soil strength,elastic modulus,and water holding capacity by up to 20%,70%,and 30%,***,the addition of biochar in AAS had a marginal effect on the sulfate resistance of the stabilized sand,especially at high biochar ***,the resistance of the AAS stabilized sand to wet-dry cycles slightly deteriorated with the addition of *** on these observations,a conceptual model showing biochar-AAS-sand interactions was proposed,in which biochar served as an internal curing agent,micro-reinforcer,and mechanically weak point.

关键词： Coral sand soil stabilization Biochar Alkali activation

Evaluation of calcined textile sludge as a stabilizing material for highway soil

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Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering(English Edition) 2020年第5期7卷 688-699页

作者： Alice Gonzaga de Oliveira Amanda Diniz Barros Leda Christiane de Figueiredo Lopes Lucena Adriano Elisio de Figueiredo Lopes Lucena Jonny Dantas Patricio Department of Civil Engineering Federal University of Campina GrandeCampina Grande 58429140Brazil

The textile industry is a pioneer in the industrialization process in Brazil and is relevant to the Brazilian economy. However, it also generates as operational residue a solid waste,commonly called textile sludge. Pavement construction, which mobilizes large volumes of soil, constitutes an alternative to the reuse of residue, especially when stabilization is involved. The use of stabilized soils with the addition of waste can provide technical,economic and environmentally friendly advantages. This research aimed to study the use of chemical stabilization technique with sludge and three additives(lime, cement and asphalt emulsion) applied in base and subbase of pavements. The scope of this study was divided into four phases, i) characterization tests, ii) physical stabilization, iii) chemical stabilization and determination of heavy metals in the sludge, and iv) addition of 10% of textile sludge and chemical stabilizers(lime, cement, and asphalt emulsion) in amounts of 3%, 5% and 7% as additives in a soil, based on the results obtained in the second phase. Test results indicated that the stabilization of mixtures of soil with textile sludge has the potential to be used in pavement layers(base and subbase). The addition of cement promotes the best chemical stabilization for the sludge. The use of textile sludge stabilization presents greater environmental benefits, given the malfunctions and problems that the incorrect waste disposal can cause to the environment.

关键词： Road engineering soil stabilization Additives Textile sludge Pavement materials Chemical stabilization