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Multifractal analysis of the software evolution in software networks

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Chinese Physics B 2022年第3期31卷 208-215页

作者： Meili Liu Xiaogang Qi Hao Pan School of Mathematics and Statistics Xidian UniversityXi'an 0710071China

As the scale and complexity have been increased in software systems, developers place more emphases on software engineering and system designs. software architecture is evolved with update of softwares, and it plays a fundamental role in determining quality of software systems. Multifractal characteristics of software networks can reflect software quality. In this paper, we construct a software network from the dependencies between object classes, and gain a deep understanding of software through network analysis. To be specific, multifractal analysis of the software network is performed based on a modified box-covering algorithm that yields fewer boxes. We verify that software with different functions and dependencies is multifractal. Further, different versions of the software are compared to discover the evolution of the software architecture. The results show that the singularity of class dependencies decreases as the software is updated. This trend leads to a more specific division of functions between software modules. One of the visible advantages of our work is that it allows the characterization of software structures at the code level. The methodology and results of this paper provide new insights into the evaluation and design of large-scale software systems.

关键词： software multifractal box-covering algorithm

IHUP:An Integrated High-Throughput Universal Phenotyping software Platform to Accelerate Unmanned-Aerial-Vehicle-Based Field Plant Phenotypic Data Extraction and Analysis

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Plant Phenomics 2024年第3期6卷 724-736页

作者： Botao Wang Chenghai Yang Jian Zhang Yunhao You Hongming Wang Wanneng Yang Macro Agriculture Research Institute College of Resources and EnvironmentHuazhong Agricultural University1 Shizishan StreetWuhanHubei 430070China Key Laboratory of Farmland Conservation in the Middle and Lower Reaches of the Ministry of Agriculture WuhanHubei 430070China Aerial Application Technology Research Unit USDA-Agricultural Research ServiceCollege StationTX 77845USA College of Plant Science and Technology Huazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanHubei 430070China

With the threshold for crop growth data collection having been markedly decreased by sensor miniaturization and cost reduction,unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV)-based low-altitude remote sensing has shown remarkable advantages in field phenotyping ***,the requirement of interdisciplinary knowledge and the complexity of the workflow have seriously hindered researchers from extracting plot-level phenotypic data from multisource and multitemporal UAV *** address these challenges,we developed the Integrated High-Throughput Universal Phenotyping(IHUP)software as a data producer and study accelerator that included 4 functional modules:preprocessing,data extraction,data management,and data *** extraction and analysis requiring complex and multidisciplinary knowledge were simplified through integrated and automated *** a graphical user interface,users can compute image feature information,structural traits,and vegetation indices(Vis),which are indicators of morphological and biochemical traits,in an integrated and high-throughput *** fulfill data requirements for different crops,extraction methods such as VI calculation formulae can be *** demonstrate and test the composition and performance of the software,we conducted case-related rice drought phenotype monitoring *** combination with a rice leaf rolling score predictive model,leaf rolling score,plant height,VIs,fresh weight,and drought weight were efficiently extracted from multiphase continuous monitoring *** the significant impact of image processing during plot clipping on processing efficiency,the software can extract traits from approximately 500 plots/min in most application *** software offers a user-friendly graphical user interface and interfaces for customizing or integrating various feature extraction algorithms,thereby significantly reducing barriers for *** holds the promise of significantly accelerating data product

关键词： software integrated platform analysis plant field data accelerate aerial based

software Reliability Growth Model Considering First-Step and Second-Step Fault Dependency

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Journal of Shanghai Jiaotong university(Science) 2019年第4期24卷 477-479页

作者： PENG Rui MA Xiaoyang ZHAI Qingqing GAO Kaiye School of Economics and Management Beijing University of TechnologyBeijing100124China School ofInformation Management Beijing Information Science and Technology UniversityBeijing100192China School ofManagement Shanghai UniversityShanghai200444China School of Economics and Management Beijing InformationScience and Technology UniversityBeijing100192China

As one of the most important indexes to evaluate the quality of software, software reliability experiences an increasing development in recent years. We investigate a software reliability growth model(SRGM). The application of this model is to predict the occurrence of the software faults based on the non-homogeneous Poisson process(NHPP). Unlike the independent assumptions in other models, we consider fault dependency. The testing faults are divided into three classes in this model: leading faults, first-step dependent faults and second-step dependent faults. The leading faults occurring independently follow an NHPP, while the first-step dependent faults only become detectable after the related leading faults are detected. The second-step dependent faults can only be detected after the related first-step dependent faults are detected. Then, the combined model is built on the basis of the three sub-processes. Finally, an illustration based on real dataset is presented to verify the proposed model.

关键词： software reliability growth model (SRGM) fault dependency non-homogeneous Poisson process (NHPP) fault detection process (FDP)

GPS/CAPS dual-mode software receiver

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2009年第3期52卷 360-367页

作者： NING ChunLin SHI HuLi HU Chao National Astronomical Observatories Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100012China Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

The positioning of the GPS or Chinese Area Positioning System (CAPS) software receiver was developed on a software receiver platform. The structure of the GPS/CAPS dual-mode software receiver was put forward after analyzing the differences in the satellite identification, ranging code, spread spectrum, coordinate system, time system, carrier band, and navigation data between GPS and CAPS. Based on Matlab software on a personal computer, baseband signal processing and positioning procedures were completed using real GPS and CAPS radio frequency signals received by two antennas. Three kinds of experiments including GPS positioning, CAPS positioning, and GPS/CAPS positioning were carried out. Stability and precision of the results were analyzed and compared. The experimental results show that the precision of CAPS is similar to that of GPS, while the positioning precision of the GPS/CAPS dual-mode software receiver is 1-2 m higher than that of CAPS or GPS. The smallest average variance of the positioning can be obtained by using the GPS/CAPS dual-mode software receiver.

关键词： Chinese area positioning system global navigation satellite system dual-mode software receiver

Naive Echo-State-Network Based Services Awareness Algorithm of software Defined Optical Networks

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China Communications 2020年第4期17卷 11-18页

作者： Huifeng Bai Wenbin Chen Licheng Wang Chao Huo Beijing SmartChip Microelectronics Technology Company Limited Beijing 102200China

As internet services newly emerge with diversity and complexity, great challenges and demands are presented to the Open Flow controlled software defined optical networks(SDON) to achieve better match between services and SDON. With this aim, this paper proposes a naive Echo-State-Network(Naive-ESN) based services awareness algorithm of the software defined optical network, where the naive ESN model adopts the ring topology structure and generates the probability output result to determine the Qo S policy of SDON. Moreover, the Naive-ESN engine is also designed in controller node of SDON to perform services awareness by obtaining service traffic features from data plan, together with some necessary extension of the Open Flow protocol. Test results show that the proposed approach is able to improved services-oriented supporting ability of SDON.

关键词： software defined optical networks naive echo-state-network services awareness openflow protocol

Structural Finite Element software Coupling Using Adapter Elements

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2019年第9期120卷 719-737页

作者： Andreas H.Schellenberg Yuli Huang Stephen A.Mahin Senior Engineer Maffei Structural EngineeringSan FranciscoCA 94111USA Senior Structural Analyst ArupSan FranciscoCA 94111USA

This paper describes a versatile and computationally efficient method for coupling several finite element analysis(FEA)programs together so that the unique modeling and analysis capabilities of each code can be utilized simultaneously to simulate the static or dynamic response of a complete numerical *** arbitrary number of finite element analysis software packages can be coupled by adding two special types of elements,namely generic and adapter elements,to each of the finite element applications using their programming *** elements are inserted at the interfaces between the different sub-domains of the complete system modeled by each finite element analysis software *** of data between the coupled FEA codes is accomplished in a modular and synchronized manner using OpenFresco(Opensource Framework for Experimental Setup and Control).OpenFresco is an objectoriented,environment independent software framework initially developed for hybrid simulation in which certain aspects of a complete structure are simulated numerically and other aspects are simultaneously tested *** important practical advantage of this coupled analysis approach is that all of the connected FEA codes run concurrently and continuously,decreasing analysis time consumption by an order of magnitude or more compared to more traditional approaches that shut down and restart the coupled analysis codes at each integration time *** implementation and accuracy of this approach to FE software coupling are demonstrated using dynamic analyses of three simple structural models from the field of earthquake engineering.

关键词： software coupling co-simulation adapter element OpenFresco

Data Comparison and software Design for Easy Selection and Application of CRISPR-based Genome Editing Systems in Plants

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Genomics, Proteomics & Bioinformatics 2021年第6期19卷 937-948页

作者： Yi Wang Fatma Lecourieux Rui Zhang Zhanwu Dai David Lecourieux Shaohua Li Zhenchang Liang Beijing Key Laboratory of Grape Science and Enology and CAS Key Laboratory of Plant ResourcesInstitute of Botanythe Innovative Academy of Seed DesignChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100093China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Ecophysiology and Functional Genomics of Vine Bordeaux Sciences AgroINRAEUniversity of BordeauxInstitute of Vine and Wine Sciences Bordeaux-AquitaineVillenave d’Ornon 33140France College of Plant Protection Shandong Agricultural UniversityTaian 271018China Sino-Africa Joint Research Center Chinese Academy of SciencesWuhan 430074China

CRISPR-based genome editing systems have been successfully and effectively used in many ***,only a few studies have reported the comparison between CRISPR/Cas9 and CRISPR/Cpf1 systems in the whole-genome *** many web-based toolkits are available,there is still a shortage of comprehensive,user-friendly,and plant-specific CRISPR databases and desktop *** this study,we identified and analyzed the similarities and differences between CRISPR/Cas9 and CRISPR/Cpf1 systems by considering the abundance of proto-spacer adjacent motif(PAM)sites,the effects of GC content,optimal proto-spacer length,potential universality within the plant kingdom,PAM-rich region(PARR)inhibiting ratio,and the effects of G-quadruplex(G-Q)*** this information,we built a comprehensive CRISPR database(including 138 plant genome data sources,***/pc/***),which provides search tools for the identification of CRISPR editing sites in both CRISPR/Cas9 and CRISPR/Cpf1 *** also developed a desktop software on the basis of the Perl/Tk tool,which facilitates and improves the detection and analysis of CRISPR editing sites at the whole-genome level on Linux and/or Windows ***,this study provides helpful data and software for easy selection and application of CRISPR-based genome editing systems in plants.

关键词： CRISPR/Cas PAM-rich region G-Q software Database

Domain-Oriented software Defined Computing Architecture

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China Communications 2019年第6期16卷 162-172页

作者： Ping Lv Qinrang Liu Hongchang Chen Ting Chen National Digital Switching System Engineering and Technical R&D Center

With the introduction of software defined hardware by DARPA Electronics Resurgence Initiative,software definition will be the basic attribute of information *** from boundary certainty and algorithm aggregation of domain applications,domain-oriented computing architecture has become the technical direction that considers the high flexibility and efficiency of information *** at the characteristics of data-intensive computing in different scenarios such as Internet of Things(IoT),big data,artificial intelligence(AI),this paper presents a domain-oriented software defined computing architecture,discusses the hierarchical interconnection structure,hybrid granularity computing element and its computational kernel extraction method,finally proves the flexibility and high efficiency of this architecture by experimental comparison.

关键词： software defined hardware software defined computing architecture hierarchical interconnection mixed-granular computing element

Hidden Markov Model Approach for software Reliability Estimation with Logic Error

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International Journal of Automation and computing 2020年第2期17卷 305-320页

作者： R.Bharathi R.Selvarani Department of Computer Science PES UniversityBangalore 560100India Research scholar Visvesvaraya Technological UniversityBelagavi 590018India Department of Computer Science Alliance UniversityBangalore 562106India

To ensure the safe operation of any software controlled critical systems,quality factors like reliability and safety are given utmost *** this paper,we have chosen to analyze the impact of logic error that is one of the contributors to the above *** view of this,we propose a novel framework based on a data driven approach known as software failure estimation with logic error(SFELE).Here,the probabilistic nature of software error is explored by observing the operation of a safety critical system by injecting logic *** occurrence of error,its propagations and transformations are analyzed from its inception to end of its execution cycle through the hidden Markov model(HMM)*** found that the proposed framework SFELE supports in labeling and quantifying the behavioral properties of selected errors in a safety critical system while traversing across its system components in addition to reliability estimation of the *** attempt at the design level can help the design engineers to improve their system quality in a costeffective manner.

关键词： Hidden Markov model(HMM) reliability logic error safety critical software failure