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Retracing Realistic Disaster Scenarios from Archival Sources:A Key Tool for Disaster Risk Reduction

International Journal of Disaster Risk Science 2021年第5期12卷 635-648页

作者： Bashir Ahmad Akhtar Alam M.Sultan Bhat Khurshid Ahmad Bhat Jeelani Inaam ul Haq Hakim Farooq Ahmad Junaid Qadir Department of Geology Nawakadal SchoolSrinagar 190002India Institute for Risk and Disaster Reduction University College LondonWCIE 6BTUK Department of Geography and Regional Development University of KashmirSrinagar 190006India Department of Statistics Chanapora SchoolSrinagar 190015India Department of Geology Aligarh Muslim UniversityAligarh 202002India

Disaster scenarios are constructed by integrating natural hazard phenomena and social science sources of *** profiled 51 natural hazard events of nineteenth century Kashmir that provide insights into the impacts of varying degree of severity that spread through the socioeconomic and political systems,influenced adaptation,and increased the consequences of the resulting *** root cause of these disasters was embedded in the social,natural,and political economic systems of their time,where vulnerabilities overlapped and interacted periodically with successive colonial regimes and acted as tipping *** combined effect of successive colonial regimes,inept administration,rigid political economy,and natural hazards made the situation go from bad to worse and reduced Kashmir to the depths of distress and *** the arc of the nineteenth century,a series of disasters led the Kashmiri population to learn how to live with disasters and minimize risk,bringing about the evolution of social and environmental *** the natural hazard vulnerability of the Kashmir Valley through archival narratives can help in scenario building to translate findings into formats that reduce related risk now as it did *** resulting information can be useful for regional design,planning,and policy responses to promote disaster risk reduction.

关键词： Disaster risk reduction Historical disasters Kashmir Nineteenth-century disasters socioeconomic vulnerability

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Design of a Socially Inclusive Climate Risk Transfer Mechanism:A Case Study in La Guajira,Colombia

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International Journal of Disaster Risk Science 2024年第4期15卷 565-578页

作者： Cristian Camilo Fernández Lopera JoséManuel Mendes Eduardo Jorge Barata Centre for Social Studies Institute for Interdisciplinary ResearchUniversity of Coimbra3000-995 CoimbraPortugal Faculty of Economics Centre for Social StudiesUniversity of Coimbra3000-995 CoimbraPortugal Faculty of Economics CeBERUniversity of Coimbra3004-512 CoimbraPortugal

The primary aim of this study was to develop a model of a socially inclusive climate risk insurance(CRI) mechanism based on the differential risk transfer approach. This study focused on the department of La Guajira, Colombia, as a case *** Guajira is the department in Colombia that, due to its critical disaster risk conditions, presents the adequate configuration for implementing a climate risk transfer mechanism. The article starts by analyzing risk conditions by using secondary data. Based on fieldwork, this research explored the perspectives of the most vulnerable sectors in La Guajira Department on the socioeconomic impacts and needs they experience regarding climate-related hazards, their adaptive measures for risk reduction, and their willingness to adopt CRI. This represents the fundamental input for the formulation of the CRI model. Consequently, this research proposed an operational structure as input for future implementations of the model. The results indicate that national and local disaster risk management public policies align with the sectors' needs and priorities. Strengthening sectoral associations can enhance representation in CRI projects. In-kind indemnization is preferred for women entrepreneurs and the indigenous community. The CRI model includes a risk pool through the family compensation fund of La Guajira as a sectoral agglomerator, with contingent credit and traditional/parametric insurance. The methodology developed in this study can be applied in different contexts worldwide as a guidance for informing national and international climate risk finance initiatives.

关键词： Colombia Disaster risk fnancing Disaster risk management La Guajira Climate risk insurance socioeconomic vulnerability

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