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snow features on sea ice in the western Arctic Ocean during summer 2016

International Journal of Digital Earth 2021年第10期14卷 1397-1410页

作者： Qing Ji Xiaoping Pang Xi Zhao Ruibo Lei Chinese Antarctic Center of Surveying and Mapping Wuhan UniversityWuhanPeople’s Republic of China Polar Research of China ShanghaiPeople’s Republic of China

Arctic sea ice and its snow cover are important components of the cryosphere and the climate system.A series of in situ snow measurements were conducted during the seventh Chinese Arctic expedition in summer 2016 in the western Arctic *** this study,we made an analysis of snow features on Arctic sea ice based on in situ observations and the satellite-derived parameter of snow grain size from MODIS spectral reflectance *** indicate that snow depth on Arctic sea ice varied between 19 and 241 mm,with a mean value of 100 *** mean density of the snow was 340.4 kg/m^(3)during the expedition,which was higher than that reported in previous *** measurements revealed that a depth hoar layer was widely developed in the snow,accounting for 30%∼50%of the total snow *** equivalent snow grain size was small on the surface and large at the bottom in snow *** average relative error between MODIS-derived snow grain size and in situ measured surface snow grain size is 14.6%,indicating that remote sensing is a promising method to obtain large-scale information of snow grain size on Arctic sea ice.

关键词： snow cover snow grain size snow stratigraphy remote sensing

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Deposition of atmospheric pollutant and their chemical characterization in snow pit profile at Dokriani Glacier,Central Himalaya

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Journal of Mountain Science 2018年第10期15卷 2236-2246页

作者： Shipika SUNDRIYAL Tanuj SHUKLA Lekhendra TRIPATHEE Dwarika Prashad DOBHAL Sameer Kumar TIWARI Uday BHAN Centre for Glaciology Wadia Institute of Himalayan GeologyDehradun-248001UtturakhandIndia National Institute of Hydrology Roorkee-247667UttarakhandIndia Indian Institute oj:Technology Kanpur-208016Uttar PradeshIndia State Key Laboratory of Cryospheric Science Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and ResourcesChinese Academy of SciencesLanzhou730000China Wadia Institute of Himalayan Geology Dehradun-248001UttarakhandIndia University of Petroleum and Energy Studies BidholiDehradun-248001UttarakhandIndia

The uncertainty in assessing the numerous atmospheric pollutants transported via wind from arid and semi-arid regions is affecting the glacial ecosystem. In our study area due to the complexity of the system, a prominent seasonal difference noticed among major ions(Ca^(2+), Mg^(2+), SO_4^(2-), and NO_3^-). There is a need for understanding the ions cycling as a whole and the directionality of the feedback loops in the system. Therefore, we provide an appraisal of our current hypothesis for seasonal difference in major ion concentration from snow samples for two corresponding years(2013 and 2015) at Dokriani Glacier. A systematic study of chemical compositionsin the shallow snow pit from Dokriani Glacier was undertaken for the pre-monsoon season to understand the cycling of major ions from atmosphere to solute acquisition process. The intimating connections of ions cycling in snow and its temporal behavior was observed and analyzed through various statistical tests. Among major ions, the SO_4^(2-)has the highest concentration among anions on an average considered as 14.21% in 2013 and 29.46% in 2015. On the other side Ca^(2+) is the dominant cation contributing 28.22% in 2013 and 15.3% in 2015 on average. The average ratio of Na+/Cl-was higher in 2013 whereas lower in 2015. The backward trajectory analysis suggests the possible sources of the ions transported from Central Asia through the Western Disturbance(WD) as a prominent source of winter precipitation mainly in the Central Himalaya. Ionicconcentration of Ca^(2+) in cations was highly dominated while in anion SO_4^(2-)played the major role. Factor analysis and correlation matrix suggested that, the precipitation chemistry is mostly influenced by anthropogenic, crustal, and sea salt sources over the studied region. The elemental cycling through ocean, atmosphere and biosphere opens up new ways to understand the geochemical processes operating at the glacierized catchments of the Himalaya. Moreover, increasing the

关键词： Western disturbance Central Himalaya Factor analysis Correlation analysis snow stratigraphy Atmospheric pollutants

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