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Ethics Aware Object Oriented smart city Architecture

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China Communications 2017年第5期14卷 160-173页

作者： Sahil Sholla Roohie Naaz Mohammad Ahsan Chishti Computer Science and Engineering Department National Institute of Technology SrinagarHazratbal 190006India

A novel initiative in providing advanced civic amenities is the idea of smart city driven by the lnternet of Things. Owing to a lack of consensus regarding what constitutes a smart city, diverse smart city architectures have been proposed. However, it is observed that adequate consideration is not given to the most important element of a smart city i.e. its people. In our opinion, energy efficient technologically driven city does not necessarily lead to a smart city. Ethics, tradition and law form essential ingredients of complex social palette that cannot be ignored. In this work we propose Ethics-Aware Object-Oriented smart city Architecture （EOSCA） that has two distinguishing features. Firstly, we propose an object oriented layered architecture where an object represents an abstraction of a real world thing along with requisite security and ethics parameters. Secondly, we propose to integrate socio-cultural and ethical aspects within the smart city architecture by dedicating a separate ethics layer. Such enhancement not only addresses the challenge of privacy and security of a smart city, but also makes it people friendly by incorporating ethics. Such measures would facilitate social acceptance of smart city paradigm and augment its economic value.

关键词： internet of things smart city architecture ethics law society

A semi-Markov model for post-earthquake emergency response in a smart city

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Control Theory and Technology 2017年第1期15卷 13-25页

作者： Shuva GHOSH Abhijit GOSAVI Department of Engineering Management and Systems Engineering Missouri University of Science and Technology Rolla MO 65409 U.S.A.

An earthquake significant on the Richter scale occurring in an area with a high population density requires an effective and equitable emergency response plan. Emergency resources are usually located in so-called responding centers. One of the first problems faced by disaster-response management personnel in the rapidly degrading post-earthquake conditions is to gage the hazard rate to which the disaster-affected area is subjected, estimate the time taken to bring the situation under control, also called restoration time, and select the appropriate responding center for relief-and-rescue activities. In this paper, we propose an elaborate semi-Markov model to capture the stochastic dynamics of the events that follow an earthquake, which will be used to quantify the hazard rate to which people are exposed and estimate the restoration time. The model will be further used, via dynamic programming, to determine the appropriate responding center. Our proposed model can be employed in conjunction with a variety of hazard scales and by collecting data on a few parameters related to emergency management. The model will be particularly useful in a smart city, where historic data on events following an earthquake would be systematically and accurately recorded.

关键词： Emergency management earthquake hazard Markov chains smart city degradation

Foundation Treatment in Urban Underground Engineering Using Big Data Analysis for smart city Applications

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2022年第7期132卷 153-172页

作者： Fei Liu Yunkai Zhang Jian Zhang School of Civil and Transportation Engineering Beijing University of Civil Engineering and ArchitectureBeijing102616China Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Future Urban Design Beijing102616China School of Science Beijing University of Civil Engineering and ArchitectureBeijing102616China

A core element of the sustainable approach to global living quality improvement can now become the intensive and organized usage of underground *** is a growing interest in underground building and growth *** reduced consumption of electricity,effective preservation of green land,sustainable wastewater and sewage treatment,efficient reverse degradation of the urban environment,and reliable critical infrastructure management can improve the quality of *** the same time,technological innovations such as artificial intelligence(AI),cloud computing(CC),the internet of things(IoT),and big data analytics(BDA)play a significant role in improved quality of ***,this study aims to integrate the technological innovations in urban underground engineering to ensure a high quality of ***,this study uses big data analytics to carry out the status quo of foundation treatment and proposes a conceptual framework named the BDA with IoT on urban underground engineering(BI0T-UUE).This framework connects hidden features with various high-level sensing sources and practical predictive model characterization to lower building costs,productive infrastructure management,preparedness for disasters,and modern community smart *** IoT integration gives an optimum opportunity to work towards the functionality of‘‘digital doubles’’of secret infrastructure,both economical and scalable,with the increasing sophistication and tooling of the *** simulation analysis ensures the highest efficiency and cost-effectiveness of the underground engineering with a value of 96.54%and 97.46%.

关键词： Underground engineering internet of things big data analytics status quo economic and social smart city

An Enhanced Multiview Transformer for Population Density Estimation Using Cellular Mobility Data in smart city

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第4期79卷 161-182页

作者： Yu Zhou Bosong Lin Siqi Hu Dandan Yu College of Computer Science and Software Engineering Shenzhen UniversityShenzhen518060China College of Management Shenzhen UniversityShenzhen518060China Information Center The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical UniversityDalian116011China

This paper addresses the problem of predicting population density leveraging cellular station *** wireless communication devices are commonly used,cellular station data has become integral for estimating population figures and studying their movement,thereby implying significant contributions to urban ***,existing research grapples with issues pertinent to preprocessing base station data and the modeling of population *** address this,we propose methodologies for preprocessing cellular station data to eliminate any irregular or redundant *** preprocessing reveals a distinct cyclical characteristic and high-frequency variation in population ***,we devise a multi-view enhancement model grounded on the Transformer(MVformer),targeting the improvement of the accuracy of extended time-series population *** experiments,conducted on the above-mentioned population dataset using four alternate Transformer-based models,indicate that our proposedMVformer model enhances prediction accuracy by approximately 30%for both univariate and multivariate time-series prediction *** performance of this model in tasks pertaining to population prediction exhibits commendable results.

关键词： Population density estimation smart city transformer multiview learning

Intelligent System Application to Monitor the smart city Building Lighting

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2023年第5期75卷 3159-3169页

作者： Tzu-Chia Chen Ngakan Ketut Acwin Dwijendra Saurabh Singhal R.Sivaraman Amr Mamdouh Department of Industrial Engineering and Management Ming Chi University of TechnologyNew Taipei City24301Taiwan Department of Architecture Faculty of EngineeringUdayana UniversityBali80361Indonesia Department of Computer Engineering and Applications GLA UniversityMathuraUttar PradeshIndia Department of Mathematics Dwaraka Doss Goverdhan Doss Vaishnav CollegeArumbakkamUniversity of MadrasChennaiIndia Architectural Engineering Department Faculty of Engineering&TechnologyFuture University in EgyptNew Cairo11835Egyp

A smart city incorporates infrastructure methods that are environmentally responsible,such as smart communications,smart grids,smart energy,and smart *** city administration has prioritized the use of cutting-edge technology and informatics as the primary strategy for enhancing service quality,with energy resources taking *** achieve optimal energy management in themultidimensional system of a city tribe,it is necessary not only to identify and study the vast majority of energy elements,but also to define their implicit *** is because optimal energy management is required to reach this *** lighting index is an essential consideration when evaluating the comfort *** order to realize the concept of a smart city,the primary objective of this research is to create a system for managing and monitoring the lighting *** is possible to identify two distinct phaseswithin the intelligent *** data collection concludes,the monitoring system will be *** the second step,the operation of the control system is analyzed and its effect on the performance of the numerical model is *** evaluation is based on the proposed *** optimized resultswere deemed satisfactory because they maintained the brightness index value(79%)while consuming less *** intelligent implementation system generated satisfactory outcomes,which were observed 1.75 times on average.

关键词： smart city lighting index residential building energy consumption

IoT-Fog Architectures in smart city Applications:A Survey

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China Communications 2021年第11期18卷 117-140页

作者： Shahid Sultan Hajam Shabir Ahmad Sofi Department of Information Technology National Institute of TechnologyHazaratbal Srinagar 190006Jammu and KashmirIndia

smart cities improve the quality of life of people by utilizing the benefits of Information and communication technology(ICT)and the Internet of things(IoT).The applications of the smart city often rely on the cloud for *** doubt cloud provides an ample amount of resources as a service but still it has limitations in terms of unreliable latency,mobility,and location awareness due to their multi-hop distance from the IoT *** computing avoids these limitations by providing services nearer to the *** this work we investigate the already proposed IoT-Fog based application specific smart city architectures and review them based on scalability,heterogeneity,mobility,energy conservation,latency,and ***,we discuss the applications and highlight the challenges that fog computing *** also present a case study of a smart city scenario with multiple applications of IoT.

关键词： fog computing edge computing mobile edge computing resource allocation,offloading software defined networks smart city smart grid

A Lightweight Blockchain for IoT in smart city (IoT-smartChain)

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2021年第11期69卷 2687-2703页

作者： Zakariae Dlimi Abdellah Ezzati Saïd Ben Alla Hassan First University of Settat FacultéSciences et TechniqueLAVETESettat26000Morocco

The smart city is a technological framework that connects the city’s different components to create new *** connection is possible with the help of the Internet of Things(IoT),which provides a digital personality to physical *** studies have proposed integrating Blockchain technology with IoT in different use cases as access,orchestration,or replicated storage *** majority of connected objects’capacity limitation makes the use of Blockchain inadequate due to its redundancy and its conventional processing-intensive consensus like *** paper addresses these challenges by proposing a NOVEL model of a lightweight Blockchain framework(IoT-smartChain),with a lightweight consensus and a lightweight *** framework architecture presents a role hierarchy of connected objects according to their computational and storage *** organization allows all things to be linked even indirectly via different interfaces and to benefit from the power of high-capacity objects such as Fog and Edge computing *** is validated and added to the blockchain ledger by running a lightweight consensus called Proof of Random Participation(PoRP),which reduces the blockchain nodes’high computing power *** TOPIC subscription-based data storage strategy called Assisted Selected Relevant Data in Local Ledger(ASRDLL)reduces the data size of a node’s local ledger and the entire network’s data *** strategy is assisted by a centralized algorithm that optimizes the overall network size by adjusting the choice of *** storage capacity,computational power,and energy consumption have been evaluated by a proof of concept implementation under NodeJS.

关键词： smart city Internet of Things blockchain lightweight consensus lightweight ledger Iot-smartChain

Security Requirement Management for Cloud-Assisted and Internet of Things—Enabled smart city

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2021年第4期67卷 625-639页

作者： Muhammad Usman Tariq Muhammad Babar Mian Ahmad Jan Akmal Saeed Khattak Mohammad Dahman Alshehri Abid Yahya Abu Dhabi School of Management Abu Dhabi6844United Arab Emirates Department of Computing and Technology Iqra UniversityIslamabad44000Pakistan Institute of Research and Development Duy Tan UniversityDa Nang550000Vietnam The Faculty of Information Technology Duy Tan UniversityDa Nang550000Vietnam Department of Computer Sciences Abdul Wali Khan UniversityMardan23200Pakistan Department of Computer Sciences Quaid-i-Azam UniversityIslamabad44000Pakistan Department of Computer Science College of Computers and Information TechnologyTaif UniversityTaif21944Saudi Arabia Botswana International University of Science and Technology Palapye016Botswana

The world is rapidly changing with the advance of information *** expansion of the Internet of Things(IoT)is a huge step in the development of the smart *** IoT consists of connected devices that transfer *** IoT architecture permits on-demand services to a public pool of *** computing plays a vital role in developing IoT-enabled smart *** integration of cloud computing enhances the offering of distributed resources in the smart *** management of security requirements of cloud-assisted IoT systems can bring about risks to availability,security,performance,condentiality,and *** key reason for cloud-and IoT-enabled smart city application failure is improper security practices at the early stages of *** article proposes a framework to collect security requirements during the initial development phase of cloud-assisted IoT-enabled smart city *** three-layered architecture includes privacy preserved stakeholder analysis(PPSA),security requirement modeling and validation(SRMV),and secure cloud-assistance(SCA).A case study highlights the applicability and effectiveness of the proposed framework.A hybrid survey enables the identication and evaluation of signicant challenges.

关键词： Security privacy smart city Internet of Things cloud computing

Technical Investigation on V2G,S2V,and V2I for Next Generation smart city Planning

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Journal of Electronic Science and Technology 2019年第4期17卷 300-316页

作者： MD.Shahrukh Adnan Khan Kazi Mahtab Kadir Khandaker Sultan Mahmood Md.Ibrahim Ibne Alam Ainun Kamal Md.Mamoon Al Bashir the School of Science and Engineering Canadian University of BangladeshDhaka 1213 the Electrical and Electronic Engineering Department University of Asia PacificDhaka 1205. the Electrical and Electronic Engineering Department University of Asia PacificDhaka 1205 and also with the Department of Electrical and Electronic EngineeringIslamic University of TechnologyGazipur 1704. the School of Business Canadian University of BangladeshDhaka 1213.

The paper investigates a few of the major areas of the next generation technological advancement,“smart city planning concept”.The areas that the paper focuses are vehicle to grid(V2G),sun to vehicle(S2V),and vehicle to infrastructure(V2I).For the bi-directional crowd energy single entity concept,V2G and building to grid(B2G)are the primary parts of distributed renewable generation(DRG)under smart *** research includes an in-depth overview of this three major ***,the research conducts a case analysis of V2G,S2V,and V2I along with their possible limitations in order to find out the novel solutions for future development both for academia and industry ***,few possible solutions have been proposed to minimize the limitations and to develop the existing system for future expansion.

关键词： Crowd energy distributed renewable smart city sun to vehicle(S2V) vehicle to grid(V2G) vehicle to infrastructure(V2I)