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The effect of the CHAMP intervention on fundamental motor skills and outdoor physical activity in preschoolers

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2019年第2期8卷 98-105页

作者： Kara K.Palmer Katherine M.Chinn Leah E.Robinson Child Movement Activity and Developmental Heanlth Laboratory University of Michigan Center for Human Growth and Development University of Michigan

Purpose: Physical activity(PA) and fundamental motor skills are important components of current and future trajectories of health in young children. This study examined the effects of a 5-week motor skill intervention on preschoolers' motor skill competence and their PA behaviors while participating in the motor skill intervention or outdoor free play(recess).Methods: A total of 102 preschoolers served as participants and were part of a motor skill intervention group(n = 64) or a control/outdoor free play group(n = 38). Children's motor skills were assessed before and after the intervention using the Test of Gross Motor Development-3 rd edition. PA during the motor skill intervention and outdoor free play was assessed using accelerometers both immediately before the start(baseline, Week 0 or Week 1) and end(late, Week 5 or Week 6) of the intervention.Results: All children significantly improved their motor skills from baseline to late assessment(p skills at the late assessment compared with the control group(p skills and rates of change in motor skills were higher for children who completed the intervention compared with children in the control group. Preschoolers in the intervention did demonstrate PA changes while participating in the intervention, but these change

关键词： Gross motor skills Intervention Motor development: Pediatrics Physical activity

Fundamental motor skills,screen-time,and physical activity in preschoolers

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2019年第2期8卷 114-121页

作者： E.Kipling Webster Corby K.Martin Amanda E.Staiano School ofKinesiology Louisiana State University Pennington Biomedical Research Center Louisiana State University

Purpose: To examine the associations among preschoolers fundamental motor skills, screen-time, physical activity(PA), and sedentary behavior(SB).Methods: Children ages 3à4 years were enrolled in a prospective observational trial of PA. Trained assessors conducted the Test of Gross Motor Development-3 rd edition(TGMD-3), and the Movement Assessment Battery for Children-2 nd edition, and parent-reported child screen-time and sociodemographic information. Children wore an accelerometer for 7 days to examine SB and total PA(TPA). TPA was further characterized as moderateto-vigorous PA(MVPA) or vigorous PA(VPA). Mixed linear models were calculated, controlling for age(for TGMD-3), sex, household income, and accelerometer wear time(for accelerometry models), with childcare center as a random effect. The primary analysis reported on the cross-sectional baseline data of 126 children with complete fundamental motor skill and screen-time data; a subanalysis included 88 children with complete accelerometry data.Results: Children were 3.4 § 0.5 years of age(54% girls; 46% white, 42% African American, 12% other). A total of 48% lived in households at or below the federal poverty level. Children engaged in 5.1 § 3.6 h/day of screen-time. Children's screen-time was inversely related to the Movement Assessment Battery for Children-2 nd edition, manual dexterity skills percentile(b(SE) = ?1.7(0.8), p = 0.049). In the accelerometry subsample,children engaged in 5.9 § 0.9 h/day of TPA of which 1.7 § 0.6 h/day was MVPA. Boys engaged in more MVPA and VPA and less SB compared with girls(all p skills were positively related to VPA but inversely related to screen-time. Further inquiry into the implications of high exposure to screen-time in young children i

关键词： Fundamental motor skills Physical activity Preschool Screen-time

Social-ecological correlates of fundamental movement skills in young children

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2019年第2期8卷 122-129页

作者： Nan Zeng Susan L.Johnson Richard E.Boles Laura L.Bellows Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition Colorado State University Department of Pediatrics University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus

Purpose: To identify the social-ecological correlates associated with fundamental movement skills at the child, family, and environment levels in young children.Methods: Preschool children from 4 Colorado Head Start/preschool centers were recruited from 2010 to 2012. Two hundred twenty-eight children(128 girls; age = 56.08 § 4.09 months; body mass index(BMI) z-score = 0.53 § 1.12(mean § SD); 42.1% Hispanic/Latino) and 159 families were included in the final analysis. Children's perceived competence and fundamental movement skills were assessed via the Pictorial Scale of Perceived Competence and Social Acceptance and the Bruininks-Oseretsky Test of Motor Proficiency, 2 nd edition. Data on the number of children in the family, parent age, BMI, education, employment status, family income, perception of child coordination, and home physical activity environment were collected via a questionnaire. Linear regressions adjusted for child BMI, age, sex, and school site were performed at each level.Results: Child perceived cognitive competence was positively associated with locomotor skills(p = 0.04; adjusted R2= 0.035) and object-control skills(p = 0.003; adjusted R2= 0.083) at the child level. Parent education, BMI, and perception of child coordination were positively associated with locomotor skills and explained 8.8% of variance, but only parent education was significant(p = 0.04) at the family level. In addition, physical environment was positively associated with locomotor skills(p = 0.02) and explained 5.5% of variance at the environment level.Conclusion: Social-ecological correlates associated with young children's fundamental movement skills are multidimensional and differ according to skill category at the child, family, and environment levels.

关键词： Activity environment Fundamental movement skills Parent education Perceived cognitive competence Preschool children

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技能：职业教育的逻辑起点

Impact of a national basic skills in colonoscopy course on trainee performance: An interrupted time series analysis

职业技术教育 2024年第2期

作者：张社字

逻辑起点是一个理论体系赖以建立的最原始、最简单、最本质的规定，是一门学科产生的源头。根据黑格尔和马克思提出的逻辑起点“必须是最抽象的、必须是最简单的、必须是构成体系的细胞的形式、必须是起点与终点的辩证统一、必须是历史... 详细信息

逻辑起点是一个理论体系赖以建立的最原始、最简单、最本质的规定，是一门学科产生的源头。根据黑格尔和马克思提出的逻辑起点“必须是最抽象的、必须是最简单的、必须是构成体系的细胞的形式、必须是起点与终点的辩证统一、必须是历史起点与逻辑起点一致”等五个要件，认为“技能”是职业教育的逻辑起点，“工学结合”是职业教育理论的逻辑中介，“职业技能”是职业教育理论的逻辑终点。以“技能”为逻辑起点可以延展出一系列职业教育的概念和理论体系，而且既能使职业教育理论和概念实现逻辑自洽，又能解释与支撑职业教育实践。

关键词：职业教育技术应用技能工学结合职业技能　　vocational education technology application skills the combination of engineering and learning vocational skills

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2020年第23期26卷 3283-3292页

作者： Keith Siau James Hodson John T Anderson Roland Valori Geoff Smith Paul Hagan Marietta Iacucci Paul Dunckley Joint Advisory Group on Gastrointestinal Endoscopy Royal College of PhysiciansLondon NW14LEUnited Kingdom NIHR Biomedical Research Centre University of BirminghamBirmingham B152TTUnited Kingdom Institute of Translational Medicine University Hospitals BirminghamBirmingham B152TTUnited Kingdom Department of Gastroenterology Gloucestershire Hospitals NHSFTCheltenham GL537ANUnited Kingdom Department of Gastroenterology Imperial College NHS Foundation TrustLondon NW14LEUnited Kingdom Endoscopy Department Derby Royal HospitalDerby GL13NNUnited Kingdom

BACKGROUND The Joint Advisory Group on Gastrointestinal Endoscopy basic skills in colonoscopy(BSC) course was introduced in 2009 to improve colonoscopy training within the United Kingdom, but its impact on trainee performance is unknown.AIM To assess whether attendance of the BSC could improve colonoscopy performance.METHODS Trainees awarded colonoscopy certification between 2011-2016 were stratified into 3 groups according to pre-course procedure count( 140).Study outcomes, comprising the unassisted caecal intubation rate(CIR) and the performance indicator of colonic intubation(PICI), were studied over the 50 procedures pre and post-course. Interrupted time series analyses were performed to detect step-change changes attributable to the course.RESULTS A total of 369 trainees with pre-course procedure counts of 140(n = 130) were included. Over the 50 pre-course procedures,significant linear improvements in CIR were found, with average increases of 4.2,3.6 and 1.7 percentage points(pp) per 10 procedures performed in the 140 groups respectively(all P 140(86% to 87%;P = 0.354) groups. For PICI, significant step-change improvements were seen in all three groups, with average increases of 5.6 pp(P < 0.001), 5.4 pp(P = 0.003) and 3.9 pp(P = 0.014) respectively.CONCLUSION Attendance of the BSC was associated with a significant step-change improvement in PICI, regardless of prior procedural experience. However, CIR data suggest that the optimal timing of course attendance appears to be at earlier stages of training(< 70 procedures).

关键词： Colonoscopy Training Course Competency development skills Endoscopy

Enhancing Police Officers’ Cybercrime Investigation skills Using a Checklist Tool

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Journal of Data Analysis and Information Processing 2023年第2期11卷 121-143页

作者： Abdelkhalek Ibrahim Alastal Ashraf Hassan Shaqfa Geography and GIS Department Arts College Islamic University of Gaza Gaza Palestine

This paper addressed the current state of police officers’ capabilities, skills, and their readiness to deal with the developments of cybercrime. This study discussed definition of cybercrime, cybercrime categories as well as comparison between traditional criminal techniques and cybercrime. As the abilities and skills required for detectives to investigate cybercrime have been discussed. Additionally, literature review and related work, was addressed challenges role of the police in combating cybercrime and facing cybercrime policing. We proposed the main tool in the study which is “Checklist of essential skills for a cybercrime investigator”. Thus, to gain the ability to Identify technical and practical requirements in terms of skills, programs, and equipment to achieve effective and professional results in fight cybercrimes.

关键词： Cybercrimes Cyber Security Digital Forensic Police Officer skills Checklist

skillsim:voice apps similarity detection

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Cybersecurity 2023年第4期6卷 33-49页

作者： Zhixiu Guo Ruigang Liang Guozhu Meng Kai Chen SKLOIS Institute of Information EngineeringChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina School of Cyber Security University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina

Virtual personal assistants(VPAs),such as Amazon Alexa and Google Assistant,are software agents designed to perform tasks or provide services to individuals in response to user commands.VPAs extend their functions through third-party voice apps,thereby attracting more users to use VPA-equipped products.Previous studies demonstrate vulnerabilities in the certification,installation,and usage of these third-party voice apps.However,these studies focus on individual apps.To the best of our knowledge,there is no prior research that explores the correlations among voice apps.Voice apps represent a new type of applications that interact with users mainly through a voice user interface instead of a graphical user interface,requiring a distinct approach to analysis.In this study,we present a novel voice app similarity analysis approach to analyze voice apps in the market from a new perspective.Our approach,called skillsim,detects similarities among voice apps(i.***.skills)based on two dimensions:text similarity and structure similarity.skillsim measures 30,000 voice apps in the Amazon skill market and reveals that more than 25.9%have at least one other skill with a text similarity greater than 70%.Our analysis identifies several factors that contribute to a high number of similar skills,including the assistant development platforms and their limited templates.Additionally,we observe interesting phenomena,such as developers or platforms creating multiple similar skills with different accounts for purposes such as advertising.Furthermore,we also find that some assistant development platforms develop multiple similar but non-compliant skills,such as requesting user privacy in a non-compliance way,which poses a security risk.Based on the similarity analysis results,we have a deeper understanding of voice apps in the mainstream market.

关键词： Voice app Similarity analysis skills

Improving Listening skills via a Strategy-based Approach in Chinese Context

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陕西师范大学学报（哲学社会科学版） 2002年第S3期31卷 92-99页

作者：李文革陕西师范大学外国语学院陕西西安710062

The author of this paper discusses how to improve listening skills by applying strategy-based approach to teaching EFL listening comprehension to the Chinese students of English in the light of : 1. Introducing the situation of teaching listening comprehension in China; 2. Analyzing the existing problems in this aspect; 3. Reviewing the theoretical literature on listening strategies and their role in teaching EFL listening comprehension; 4. Proposing how to apply the strategy-based approach in teaching listening comprehension. 5. Providing a strategy-based listening lesson plan .

关键词： listening skills EFL English teaching

Reasoning and Rehabilitation cognitive skills programme for mentally disordered offenders: Predictors of outcome

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World Journal of Psychiatry 2016年第4期6卷 410-418页

作者： Susan Young Mrigendra Das Gisli H Gudjonsson Imperial College London Broadmoor Hospital West London Mental Health Trust Reykjavik University King’s College London Institute of Psychiatry Psychology and Neuroscience

AIM To investigate factors predicting treatment completion and treatment outcome of the Reasoning and Rehabilitation Mental Health Programme(R&R2MHP) cognitive skills programme for mentally disordered offenders. METHODS Secondary analysis of data previously obtained from 97 male patients who were sectioned and detained under the United Kingdom Mental Health Act in low, medium and high security hospitals and who had completed R&R2MHP. Predictors of treatment completion included background variables and five outcome measures: Four self-reported measures of violent attitudes, social problem-solving skills, reactive anger and locus of control and an objective measure of behaviour on theward that was completed by staff. Completion of the 16 session programme, which was delivered on a weekly basis, was classified as ≥ 12 sessions.RESULTS It was found that the R&R2MHP is appropriate for delivery to participants of different ages, ethnic background, and at different levels of security without the completion rate or treatment effectiveness being compromised. Participants taking oral typical psychotropic medication were over seven times more likely to complete the programme than other participants. Behavioural disturbance on the ward prior to commencing the programme predicted non-completion(medium effect size). As far as treatment completion was concerned, none of the background factors predicted treatment effectiveness(age, ethnic background, level of security, number of previous convictions and number of previous hospital admissions). The best predictor of treatment effectiveness was attitude towards violence suggesting that this should be the primary outcome measure in future research evaluating outcomes of the R&R2MHP cognitive skills program. CONCLUSION The findings suggest that a stable mental state is a key factor that predicts treatment completion.

关键词： Treatment Completion Outcomes Mentally disordered offenders Reasoning and Rehabilitation Mental Health Programme Cognitive skills program