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Snowfall Shift and Precipitation Variability over sikkim himalaya Attributed to Elevation-Dependent Warming

Journal of Atmospheric Science Research 2023年第4期6卷 1-25页

作者： Pramod Kumar Khushboo Sharma Department of Geology Sikkim UniversityTadongGangtokSikkim737102India

sikkim himalaya hosts critical water resources such as glacial,rain,and snow-fed springs and *** change is adversely affecting these resources in various ways,and elevation-dependent warming is prominent among *** study is a discussion of the elevation-dependent warming(EDW),snowfall shift,and precipitation variability over sikkim himalaya using a high-resolution ERA5-land ***,the findings show that the sikkim himalaya region is experiencing a warming trend from south to *** majority of the sikkim himalayan region shows a declining trend in snowfall.A positive advancement in snowfall trend(at a rate of 1 mm per decade)has been noticed above 4500 *** S/P ratio indicates a shift in snowfall patterns,moving from lower elevations to much higher *** suggests that snowfall has also transitioned from Lachung and Lachen(3600 m)to higher elevated ***,the seasonal shifting of snowfall in the recent decade is seen from January-March(JFM)to February-April(FMA).Subsequently,the preceding 21 years are being marked by a significant spatiotemporal change in temperature,precipitation,and *** potent negative correlation coefficient between temperature and snowfall(–0.9),temperature and S/P ratio(–0.5)suggested the changing nature of snowfall from solid to liquid,which further resulted in increased lower elevation *** entire sikkim region is transitioning from a cold-dry to a warm-wet weather *** the climate change scenario,a drop in the S/P ratio with altitude will continue to explain the rise in temperature over mountainous regions.

关键词： sikkim himalaya EDW Snowfall Seasonal shift Precipitation variability S/P ratio ERA5-land

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Analyzing geomorphological and topographical controls for the heterogeneous glacier mass balance in the sikkim himalayas

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Journal of Mountain Science 2023年第7期20卷 1854-1864页

作者： GUHA Supratim TIWARI Reet Kamal Geomatics Engineering Laboratory Department of Civil EngineeringIndian Institute of Technology RoparPunjab-140001India

Glacier response patterns at the catchment scale are highly heterogeneous and defined by a complex interplay of various dynamics and surface *** studies have explained heterogeneous responses in qualitative ways but quantitative assessment is lacking yet where an intrazone homogeneous climate assumption can be ***,in the current study,the reason for heterogeneous mass balance has been explained in quantitative methods using a multiple linear regression model in the sikkim himalayan *** first,the topographical parameters are selected from previously published studies,then the most significant topographical and geomorphological parameters are selected with backward stepwise subset selection ***,the contributions of selected parameters are calculated by least square *** results show that,the magnitude of mass balance lies between-0.003±0.24 to-1.029±0.24 m.w.e.a^(-1) between 2000 and 2020 in the sikkim himalaya ***,the study shows that,out of the terminus type of the glacier,glacier area,debris cover,ice-mixed debris,slope,aspect,mean elevation,and snout elevation of the glaciers,only the terminus type and mean elevation of the glacier are significantly altering the glacier mass balance in the sikkim himalayan ***,the mass loss is approximately 0.40 m.w.e.a^(-1) higher in the lake-terminating glaciers compared to the land-terminating glaciers in the same elevation *** the other hand,a thousand meters mean elevation drop is associated with 0.179 m.w.e.a-1of mass loss despite the terminus type of the *** the current study,the model using the terminus type of the glaciers and the mean elevation of the glaciers explains 76% of fluctuation of mass balance in the sikkim himalayan region.

关键词： Glacier mass balance Glacier terminus Topographical parameter sikkim himalaya Multiple linear regression model

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GIS Based Spatial Data Analysis for Landslide Susceptibility Mapping

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Journal of Mountain Science 2008年第1期5卷 52-62页

作者： S.Sarkar Scientist D.P.Kanungo A.K.Patra Pushpendra Kumar Central Building Research Institute Roorkee-247667India Scientist Central Building Research InstituteRoorkee-247667India Research Fellow Central Building Research InstituteRoorkee-247667India

Landslide susceptibility map delineates the potential zones for landslides occurrence. The paper presents a statistical approach through spatial data analysis in GIS for landslide susceptibility mapping in parts of sikkim himalaya. Six important causative factors for landslide occurrences were selected and corresponding thematic data layers were prepared in GIS. Topographic maps,satellite image,field data and published maps constitute the input data for thematic layer preparation. Numerical weights for different categories of these factors were determined based on a statistical approach and the weighted thematic layers were integrated in GIS environment to generate the landslide susceptibility map of the area. The landslide susceptibility map classifies the area into five different landslide susceptible zones i.e.,very high,high,moderate,low and very low. This map was validated using the existing landslide distribution in the area.

关键词： Landslide susceptibility GIS sikkim himalaya statistical approach himalaya

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