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Transdermal treatment for malignant melanoma by aptamer-modified tetrahedral framework nucleic acid delivery of vemurafenib

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2024年第4期35卷 260-267页

作者： Dexuan Xiao Tianyu Chen Tianxu Zhang Sirong Shi Mei Zhang Xin Qin Yunkun Liu Longjiang Li Yunfeng Lin State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases National Clinical Research Center for Oral DiseasesWest China Hospital of StomatologySichuan UniversityChengdu 610041China Sichuan Provincial Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials Chengdu 610041China Department of Head and Neck Oncology National Clinical Research Center for Oral DiseasesWest China Hospital of StomatologySichuan UniversityChengdu 610041China

Melanoma is one of the most malignant skin tumors, whose high invasion is generally associated with BRAF gene mutation. Although new chemotherapeutic drugs, such as vemurafenib, have been developed to inhibit the growth of melanoma, these drugs are usually administered intravenously or orally, resulting in toxic Side effects on major tissues and organs. Tetrahedral framework nucleic acids(tFNAs) are a novel type of DNA nanostructures with excellent biocompatibility and versatility which have been proven to penetrate through skin barrier with ease. In this study, we prepared t FNAs with vemurafenib and connected DNA aptamer AS1411 at the apex of t FNAs(AS1411-tFNAs/vemurafenib). On one hand, AS1411-tFNAs/vemurafenib could kill melanoma cells by blocking the mutated BRAF gene in vitro. Compared with free vemurafenib, AS1411-tFNAs/vemurafenib had no obvious toxicity to normal cells. On the other hand,AS1411-tFNAs could transfer vemurafenib to cross through the skin barrier and permeate into tumor tissues. In vivo, transdermal delivery of AS1411-t FNAs/vemurafenib could inhibit the growth of human A375melanoma, whose inhibiting effect was stronger than intravenous administration of vemurafenib. These results demonstrated the application prospects of tFNAs combined with chemotherapeutic drugs in skin tumors.

关键词： Melanoma Vemurafenib DNA nanostructure Transdermal treatment Side effect

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Association Between Proton Pump Inhibitor Therapy and Spontaneous Bacterial Peritonitis Occurrence in Cirrhotic Patients:A Clinical Review

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Current Medical Science 2022年第4期42卷 673-680页

作者： Meng ZHANG Wei LIU Xin XU Tao CHEN Jun-ying QI Department and Institute of Infectious Disease Tongji HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430030Hubei ProvinceChina

Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis(SBP)is one of the most common complications in patients with end-stage liver disease(ESLD),which increases the risk of short-term mortality.Proton pump inhibitors(PPIs)are frequently used in patients with ESLD,in which controversies about the risk of PPI treatment in the occurrence of SBP are largely raised and the pathogenic mechanism of PPI-associated SBP remains unclear.We conducted a systematic literature search through PubMed/MEDLINE for publications mainly from 1 January 2000 to 1 January 2021.Our narrative review summarized the adverse effect of specific PPI therapy on the occurrence and prognosis of SBP in cirrhotic patients,described the potential mechanisms by which PPI induces the development of SBP,and discussed the risk factors associated with the development of SBP and the strategy of PPI therapy in cirrhotic patients.Although controversy regarding the association between PPI use and the occurrence of SBP exists,PPIs use should be restricted to patients with clear benefit indications,and be cautious for elderly patients with severe liver damage.

关键词： proton pump inhibitors spontaneous bacterial peritonitis cirrhosis complication Side effect

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Evidence against the participation of a pharmacokinetic interaction in the protective effect of single-dose curcumin against gastrointestinal damage induced by indomethacin in rats

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Journal of Integrative Medicine 2017年第2期15卷 151-157页

作者： Liliana Zazueta-Beltran Lorena Medina-Aymerich Nadia Estela Diaz-Triste Aracely Evangelina Chavez-Pina GUberto Castaneda-Hernandez Leticia Cruz-Antonio Department of Pharmacology Center for Research and Advanced Studies of the National Polytechnic Institute 07360 Mexico City Mexico Laboratory of Pharmacology Institutional Program in Molecular Biomedicine National School of Medicine and Homeopathy of the National Polytechnic Institute Academic Area of Medicine of the Institute of Health Sciences 07320 Mexico City Mexico Superior Studies Faculty of Zaragoza Universidad National Autonomous of Mexico 09230 Mexico City Mexico

OBJECTIVE： To determine the role of a pharmacokinetic interaction in the protective effect of curcumin against the gastric damage induced by indomethacin administration as such or as its prodrug acemetacin. METHODS： Wistar rats orally received single dose of indomethacin （30 mg/kg） with and without curcumin （30 mg/kg）; gastric injury was evaluated by determining the total damaged area. Additional groups of rats received an oral single dose of indomethacin （30 mg/kg） or its prodrug acemetacin （34.86 mg/kg） in the presence or absence of curcumin （30 mg/kg）. Indomethacin and acemetacin concentrations in plasma from blood draws were determined by high-performance liquid chromatography Plasma concentration-against-time curves were constructed, and bioavailability parameters, maximal concentration （Cmax） and area under the curve to the last sampling time （AUC0_t） were estimated. RESULTS： Concomitant administration of indomethacin and curcumin resulted in a significantly reduced gastric damage compared to indomethacin alone. However, co-administration of curcumin did not produce any significant alteration in the bioavailability parameters of indomethacin and acemetacin after administration of either the active compound or the prodrug. CONCLUSION： Curcumin exhibits a protective effect against indomethacin-induced gastric damage, but does not produce a reduction of the bioavailability of this nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug, indomethacin. Data thus suggest that a pharmacokinetic mechanism of action is not involved in curcumin gastroprotection.

关键词： indomethacin curcumin acemetacin bioavailability damage, ggastrointestinal Side effect drugs, Chinese herbal

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Toxic epidermal necrolysis induced by ritodrine in pregnancy:A case report

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2022年第4期10卷 1381-1387页

作者： Wen-Yu Liu Jia-Rong Zhang Xian-Ming Xu Tian-Yi Ye Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Shanghai General HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai 201600China Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Zhongshan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghai 200032China

BACKGROUND Preterm birth accounts for about 12%of all pregnancies worldwide and is the leading cause of neonatal morbidity and mortality.In order to avoid premature birth and prolong gestational age,tocolytics are the first and the best choice.Ritodrine is the most commonly used tocolytic medication.However,Side effects such as pulmonary edema,hypokalemia,and hyperglycemia are known.Here we report a rare but serious Side effect–toxic epidermal necrolysis(TEN)–caused by ritodrine.CASE SUMMARY A woman(31 years,gravida 4,para 2)was hospitalized because of premature contractions at 27+6 wk of gestation.A skin rash with pruritus appeared at 32+3 wk of gestation after administration of ritodrine,indomethacin,and dexamethasone,and it spread throughout the whole body in 3 d,particularly the four limbs.After 11 d’treatment,she was diagnosed with TEN.An emergency cesarean section was performed immediately to deliver the baby and intensive symptomatic treatment was promptly commenced after delivery.She recovered from the severe condition without any sequelae except for slight pigmentation after symptomatic treatment.CONCLUSION When a skin rash appears during the administration of ritodrine,we are supposed to consider the risk of TEN.

关键词： Preterm birth Ritodrine Side effect Tocolytics Toxic epidermal necrolysis Case report

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2022年第7期10卷 2216-2221页

作者： Yi-Xia Huang Guo-Xin He Wen-Jing Zhang Bo-Wu Li Hai-Xu Weng Wen-Chao Luo Intensive Care Unit The Third Affiliated HospitalWenzhou Medical UniversityRuian 330381Zhejiang ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND Quetiapine,known as a non-classical antipsychotic drug,is frequently used for the treatment of mental diseases,such as schizophrenia,bipolar disorder,and major depressive disorder.Acute lung injury,a rarely reported Side effect of quetiapine,is described in this case report.CASE SUMMARY Due to terminal delirium,a 66-year-old man took a large dose of quetiapine and then developed severe pulmonary disease.His symptoms were not resolved after routine treatment,such as antibiotics,diuretic,and supportive therapies.Quetiapine-related acute lung injury was therefore suspected and hormonal therapy was initiated.Subsequently,his symptoms were alleviated and the radiological results improved dramatically.CONCLUSION Our findings in the present report highlight a potential adverse effect of quetiapine,drug-related acute lung injury,which deserves awareness in clinical practice.

关键词： Quetiapine Acute lung injury Side effect Case report

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COVID-19 vaccination and liver disease

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2022年第48期28卷 6791-6810页

作者： Sotaro Ozaka Takashi Kobayashi Kazuhiro Mizukami Kazunari Murakami Department of Gastroenterology Faculty of MedicineOita UniversityYufu 879-5593OitaJapan Department of Infectious Disease Control Faculty of MedicineOita UniversityYufu 879-5593OitaJapan

Various vaccines against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 have been developed in response to the coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)global pandemic,several of which are highly effective in preventing COVID-19 in the general population.Patients with chronic liver diseases(CLDs),particularly those with liver cirrhosis,are considered to be at a high risk for severe COVID-19 and death.Given the increased rates of disease severity and mortality in patients with liver disease,there is an urgent need to understand the efficacy of vaccination in this population.However,the data regarding efficacy and safety of COVID-19 vaccination in patients with CLDs is limited.Indeed,several organ-specific or systemic immune-mediated Side effects following COVID-19 vaccination,including liver injury similar to autoimmune hepatitis,have been recently reported.Although the number of cases of vaccine-related liver injury is increasing,its frequency,clinical course,and mechanism remain unclear.Here,we review the current findings on COVID-19 vaccination and liver disease,focusing on:(1)The impact of COVID-19 in patients with CLD;(2)The efficacy,safety,and risk-benefit profiles of COVID-19 vaccines in patients with CLD;and(3)Liver injury following COVID-19 vaccination.

关键词： COVID-19 vaccine Liver disease Side effect Liver injury Immune-related hepatitis Autoimmune hepatitis

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Side effects and tolerability of post-exposure prophylaxis with zidovudine, lamivudine, and lopinavir/ritonavir： a comparative study with HIV/AIDS patients

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Chinese Medical Journal 2014年第14期127卷 2632-2636页

作者： Cai Juan Xiao Jiang Zhang Qiang Capital Med Univ Dept Orthoped Beijing Ditan Hosp Beijing 100015 Peoples R China Capital Med Univ Ctr Infect Dis Beijing Ditan Hosp Beijing 100015 Peoples R China

Background In the era of highly active antiretroviral therapy （HAART）, the use of antiretrovirals as post-exposure prophylaxis （PEP） was the most important strategy for preventing occupational exposure to blood or fluids containing human immunodeficiency virus （HIV）. The objective of this study was to retrospectively evaluate the tolerability, safety, and Side effects of a HAART regimen containing three antiretroviral drugs, consisting of zidovudine, lamivudine, and Iopinavir/ ritonavir, in healthcare personnel （HCP） who experienced occupational exposure to HIV. Methods The tolerability, safety, and Side effects in 26 HCPs who experienced PEP and in 27 HIV/AIDS patients with HAART regimen, AZT＋3TC＋Lpv/r, were evaluated between January 2010 and December 2012. Results The most frequent clinical Side effect was fatigue （in 23 cases, 88.5%）, and gastroenterological symptoms were the second most common Side effects in HCP with PEP. Liver dysfunction was found in 10 cases （38.5%）, while drug rash was found in 18 cases （69.2%） after PEP. The prevalence of Side effects in HCPs who experienced PEP was higher than that in HIV/AIDS patients P 〈0.05. One nurse （3.8%） experienced severe gastrointestinal symptoms, which led to withdrawal of PEP. No HIV infection was found during 6-month follow-up period. Conclusion HCPs who received occupational PEP with triple-drug regimen, AZT＋3TC＋Lpv/r, experienced different Side effects, and the tolerability and safety of PEP regimen were good in this cohort. Chin Med J 2014;127 （14）： 2632-2636

关键词： post-exposure prophylaxis HIV/AIDS highly active antiretroviral therapy Side effect

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Symmetric DWI hyperintensities in CMT1X patients after SARS-CoV-2 vaccination should not be classified as stroke-like lesions

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2023年第16期11卷 3929-3931页

作者： Josef Finsterer Department of Neurology Neurology&Neurophysiology CenterVienna 1180Austria

The interesting case report by Zhang et al on a 39 years-old male with Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 1X has several limitations.The causal relation between the two episodes of asyndesis,dysphagia,and dyspnea 37 d after the second dose of the inactivated severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2(SARS-CoV-2)vaccine(Beijing Institute of Biological Products Co.,Ltd.,Beijing,China)remains unproven.SARS-CoV-2 vaccination cannot trigger a genetic disorder.It also remains unsupported that the patient had a stroke-like episode(SLE).SLEs occur in mitochondrial disorders but not in hereditary neuropathies.Because of the episodic nature of the neurological symptoms,it is critical to rule out seizures.Overall,the causal relation between vaccination and the neurological complications remains unsupported and the interpretation of symmetric diffusionweighted imaging lesions on cerebral magnetic resonance imaging should be carefully revised.

关键词： Stroke-like episode Stroke-like lesion SARS-CoV-2 Vaccination Side effect

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A retrospective analysis of the safety and efficacy of low dose tacrolimus (FK506) for living donor liver transplant recipients

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The Journal of Biomedical Research 2013年第4期27卷 305-309页

作者： Zhengshan Wu Qingyang Meng Yongxiang Xia Feng Zhang Wei You The Liver Transplantation Center the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University Department of General Surgery Zhongshan Hospital Fudan University General Surgery Department

We sought to evaluate the efficacy and effects of low-dose tacrolimus （FK506） to recipients with living donor liver transplantation （LDLT）. A total of 66 patients who underwent LDLT between 2001 and 2007 were enrolled in this study. According to different doses of tacrolimus, the recipients were randomly divided into two groups： the low-dose tacrolimus group （group A） and the normal-dose tacrolimus group （group B）. The blood concentration of tacrolimus and its Side effects including infection, hyperglycemia, hypertension, high blood creatinine and jaundice were monitored once a week at the perioperative period, and once a month thereafter. Besides, the survival rates of the recipients were analyzed at the 1and 3-year time point after operation. Among these patients, no significant acute rejection was detected after LDLT. The incidences of infection, hyperglycemia, liver dysfunction and renal impairment in group A were markedly lower than those in group B. However, no significant differences were detected in the incidence of hypertension between the two groups. Moreover, the recipients in each group had a similar survival rate according to the results of 1and 3-year follow-up. The incidence of Side effects that associated with tacrolimus positively correlated with tacrolimus blood concentration. In conclusion, long-term and low-dose administration of tacrolimus is a safe and effective treatment for LDLT recipients.

关键词： living donor liver transplantation tacrolimus low dose Side effect survival rate

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Age-dependent eradication of Helicobacter pylori in Japanese patients

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2010年第33期16卷 4176-4179页

作者： Satoshi Mamori Akihiro Higashida Fumiaki Kawara Katsuhiro Ohnishi Akihiko Takeda Eri Senda Cho Ashida Hajime Yamada Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Shinko Hospital

AIM:To determine the general risk factors affecting the failure rate of first-line eradication therapy in Japanese patients with Helicobacter pylori(H.pylori)infection.METHODS:The present study enrolled 253 patients who had an H.pylori infection,underwent gastroendoscopy,and were treated with H.pylori eradication therapy.Eradication therapy consisted of 30 mg lansoprazole plus 750 mg amoxicillin and 400 mg clarithromycin twice daily for 7 d.All of the patients underwent a 13 C urea breath test at least 1 mo after the completion of eradication therapy.The current study investigated the independent factors associated with successful H.pylori eradication using a multiple logistic regression analysis.RESULTS:The overall success rate in the patients was 85.8%.Among the general factors examined in the multivariate analyses,only having an age less than 50 years was found to be significantly associated with a poor response to H.pylori eradication.Moreover,Side effects were the only clinical factors in the patients who were under 50 years of age that significantly influenced the poor response to H.pylori eradication.CONCLUSION:H.pylori-positive elderly patients should undergo eradication therapy.In addition,it is necessary to improve H.pylori eradication therapy in younger patients.

关键词： Helicobacter pylori Eradication Treatment Age Side effect

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