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Meta-analysis of new intervention measures for preventing side effects of artificial joint replacement

World Journal of Orthopedics 2024年第5期15卷 469-476页

作者： Wei Jiang Ting-Biao Zhu Department of Orthopaedics Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of PingshanYibin 645350Sichuan ProvinceChina Department of Orthopaedics The First People's Hospital of QujingQujing 655099Yunnan ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND Intertrochanteric fracture of the femur occurs mostly among older people,and seriously affects daily life and quality of life.At present,physical intervention,drug treatment,routine intervention and rehabilitation training are widely used for prevention of side effects,but it is still inconclusive which intervention has the best effect.AIM To compare the effects of new intervention measures for preventing side effects of artificial joint replacement.METHODS We searched the Chinese and English literatures for comparative studies on the prevention of side effects of new interventions for artificial joint replacement from July 2013 to June 2023 in China HowNet,PubMed,Wanfang,Weipu and other databases.Study quality was evaluated by improved Jadad scoring standard,and the effects of different interventions on preventing different complications were analyzed by meta-analysis of evidence-based medicine with Review Manager 5.0 software.RESULTS Ten articles,including 869 cases,were finally included.The preventive effects of different interventions on the side effects of artificial joint replacement were studied,and valid data were extracted.There were two articles on the preventive effects of drug intervention,four on comparison of the preventive effects of combined and single interventions,and three on the preventive effects of physical intervention,rehabilitation training and routine intervention.Meta-analysis showed that the preventive effect of rivaroxaban was significantly better than low molecular weight heparin calcium[mean difference(MD)=-0.16,95%CI:-0.28 to-0.04,P<0.05].The effect of combined intervention was significantly better than that of single intervention(MD=-0.08,95%CI:-0.16 to-0.01,P<0.001).Physical intervention was significantly better than routine intervention and rehabilitation training(MD=0.26,95%CI:0.16–0.36,P<0.001).CONCLUSION Rivaroxaban combined with rehabilitation training is preferred for preventing deep vein thrombosis after artificial joint replacement.In the prevention of pulmonar

关键词： Artificial joint replacement Venous thromboembolism side effects Interventions Meta-analysis

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Herbal medicine use in Republic of Korea to alleviate side effects of COVID-19 vaccines:A cross-sectional study

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Journal of Integrative Medicine 2023年第4期21卷 361-368页

作者： Hae-Chang Yoon Department of Public Health Graduate School of Kyungpook National UniversityDaegu 41944Republic of Korea

Objective:Coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)has spread worldwide,and several virus variants have emerged.Vaccines are administered to help prevent the infection.In Republic of Korea,most people take herbal medicine.This study investigated the use of herbal medicine to counter the side effects of COVID-19 vaccines.Methods:This cross-sectional study was conducted using an online survey.Chi-square tests were used to determine differences in the use of herbal medication according to sociodemographic characteristics.Independent two-sample and paired t-tests were performed to examine the effect and satisfaction of herbal medicine use for countering the side effects of COVID-19 vaccines.One-way analysis of variance was used to determine vaccine-related differences.Results:A total of 233 and 181 participants received the first and second doses of COVID-19 vaccines,respectively.The majority of herbal medicine users were in their thirties,had a bachelor’s degree,suffered from side effects of vaccination,and received Vaxzevria for their first COVID-19 vaccine dose and Comirnaty for their second dose.The herbal medicine group had a higher satisfaction level of postvaccination side effects than the non-herbal medicine group(Pside effects were lower among participants who took herbal medication to alleviate those symptoms(Pside effects of vaccination.The use of herbal medicine was associated with age,education level,vaccine brand,and whether side effects of vaccination occurred.Herbal medication use was associated with greater satisfaction compared to vaccine recipients not using herbal medication.

关键词： COVID-19 vaccines Herbal medicine side effects Republic of Korea

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side effects of Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 Vaccine among Libyan Young Adults: Observational Study

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Journal of Biosciences and Medicines 2022年第1期10卷 33-45页

作者： Taher I. Shailabi Elham O. Borwis Nisreen Saed Majeed Nagat H. Bubtina Naeima Betamar Guma Abdeldaim Pharmacology and Toxicology Department Faculty of Pharmacy Omar Al-Mukhtar University Al-Bayda Libya Medical Microbiology Department Faculty of Medicine Benghazi University Benghazi Libya Conservative Dentistry Department Faculty of Dentistry Benghazi University Benghazi Libya

Purpose: Since the mRNA technology used to manufacture Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 Vaccine is new, it is still difficult to predict its consequences. However, many young people, especially in developing countries, think that they are less susceptible to severe infection with the Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), Therefore, they do not prefer to take the COVID-19 vaccines. Accordingly, studies in this aspect are necessary to increase people’s awareness of the acceptance of vaccination, especially for the youth. Patients and Methods: This study was conducted on healthy young adults of both sexes. Participants (n = 81) were received two doses of the Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 Vaccine. A paper questionnaire was prepared, the survey asks about the side effects related to receiving the Vaccine. All participants completed the questionnaire twice, once after the first dose and again after the second dose. Data were collected and statistically analyzed. Results: The most common side effects were Muscle pain, Tiredness, Headache, and Fever. Less common side effects were Chills, Fainted, Breathlessness, and Coughing. Rare side effects include nausea and vomiting, Diarrhea, Anaphylactic Reaction, and Swollen Lymph Nodes. side effects that are strongly associated with females are Headache, and Joint pain, for males, Anaphylactic reaction. The study revealed a significant difference between the number of females (96.5%) and males (85%) who suffered from the side effects of the Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 Vaccine (P = 0.033). Conclusion: Most of the side effects reported in our study were consistent with Pfizer’s fact sheet for recipients and caregivers. Through our follow-up to the participants in the study, we noticed that the reported side effects were not too bad, and they were able to carry out their daily activities, so we recommend taking the vaccine, especially for young people.

关键词： Pfizer-BioNTech side effects COVID-19 Vaccine Young Adults

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Pembrolizumab autoimmune related diabetes:Moving forward,keep learning

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World Journal of Clinical Oncology 2024年第5期15卷 576-579页

作者： Jose Angel Garcia Diego Alcaraz Esther Holgado Felipe Couñago Department of Medical Oncology GenesisCare Spain-San Francisco de Asis University HospitalMadrid 28002Spain Department of Chief of Medical Oncology GenesisCare Spain-San Francisco de Asis University HospitalMadrid 28002Spain Department of Chief of Radiation Oncology GenesisCare-Vithas La Milagrosa HospitalMadrid 28010Spain

Immune checkpoint inhibitors(and more specifically programmed cell death 1/programmed cell death ligand 1 inhibitors as Pembrolizumab)initiated a revolution in the field of melanoma and have now expanded to several tumor subtypes and in increasingly broader clinical contexts,including the adjuvant and neoadjuvant setting,with potentially curable patients and prolonged survival.The side effects related to these drugs include a wide spectrum of manifestations,with endocrinological adverse events being some of the most frequent.Pembrolizumab-induced type 1 diabetes mellitus is an infrequent but potentially serious and not clearly reversible side effect that possesses characteristic clinical features and has high morbidity and mortality,with a chronic impact on quality of life.The etiopathogenesis of this phenomenom needs to be further investigated and a collaborative effort through the involvement of oncologists and other medical specialists is necessary for the correct identification and management of patients at risk.

关键词： Immune checkpoints Pembrolizumab Immunotherapy side effects Endocrine system Diabetes mellitus

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side effects of Large-Scale Assessments in Education

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ECNU Review of Education 2019年第3期2卷 279-296页

作者： Trina E.Emler Yong Zhao Jiayi Deng Danqing Yin Yurou Wang University of Kansas The University of Alabama

Purpose:In line with a recent call for side effects research in education,this article aims to synthesize the major concerns that have been raised in the literature concerning large-scale assessments(LSAs)in education.Design/Approach/Methods:The researchers endeavored to complete a deep review of the literature on LSAs to synthesize the reported side effects.The review was synthesized thematically to understand and report the consequences of the ongoing push for the use of LSA in education.Findings:Thematic analysis indicated overarching side effects of LSA in education.We discuss why negative side effects exist and present evidence of the most commonly observed side effects of LSA in education,including distorting education,exacerbating inequity and injustice,demoralization of professionals,ethical corruption,and stifling of innovation in education.Originality/Value:While concerns about the use and misuse of LSA in education are not new and have been discussed widely in the literature,rarely have they been discussed as inherent qualities and consequences of LSAs that can do harm to education.

关键词： Inequity large-scale assessments side effects

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Network-based method to infer the contributions of proteins to the etiology of drug side effects

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Frontiers of Electrical and Electronic Engineering in China 2015年第3期10卷 124-134页

作者： Li, Rui Chen, Ting Li, Shao MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinformatics and Bioinformatics Division TNLIST Department of Automation Tsinghua University Beijing China Program in Computational Biology and Bioinformatics University of Southern California Los Angeles USA

Studying the molecular mechanisms that underlie the relationship between drugs and the side effects they produce is critical for drug discovery and drug development. Currently, however, computational methods are still unavailable to assess drug-protein interactions with the aim of globally inferring the contributions of various classes of proteins toward the etiology of side effects. In this work, we integrated data reflecting drug-side effect relationships, drug- target relationships, and protein-protein interactions to develop a novel network-based probabilistic model, sidePro, to evaluate the contributions of proteins toward the etiology of side effects. For a given side effect, the method applies an expectation--maximization algorithm and a diffusion kernel-based approach to estimate each protein＇s contribution. We applied this method to a wide range of side effects and validated the results using cross-validation and records from the side Effect Resource database. We also studied a specific side effect, nephrotoxicity, which is known to be associated with the irrational use of the Chinese herbal compound triptolide, a diterpenoid epoxide in the Thunder of God Vine, Tripterygium wilfordii （Lei-Gong-Teng）. Using triptolide as an example, we scored the target proteins of triptolide using our model and investigated the high-scoring proteins and their related biological processes. The results demonstrated that our model could differentiate between the potential side effect targets and therapeutic targets of triptolide. Overall, the proposed model could accurately pinpoint the molecular mechanisms of drug side effects, thus making contribution to safe and effective drug development.

关键词： network pharmacology drug targets side effects triptolide

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Arava Treatment,between Beneficial Action on Joint Inflammation and side effects on Liver,Myocardium and Kidney in Experimental Murine Arthritis

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Journal of Biomedical Science and Engineering 2014年第9期7卷 712-720页

作者： Mihaela Manole Codruta Badescu Manuela Ciocoiu Magda Badescu Mihaiela Chicu Pathophysiology Department University of Medicine and Pharmacy“Grigore T.Popa”IasiRomania Internal Medicine Clinic St.Spiridon HospitalIasiRomania

The purpose of the experiment was the follow-up in time of the course of joint inflammation phenomena in laboratory animals (white female adult Wistar rats) by determining particular biological, hematological, radiological, osteodensitometric, immunological and anatomic-pathological parameters and by assessing the effects of Leflunomide (Arava) on the course of the disease. ARAVA®(Leflunomide) is a pyrimidine synthesis inhibitor. The experimental study was conducted for 8 weeks. We have also assessed the side effects of the therapy on their liver, myocardium and kidney. Leflunomide therapy improved the course of the clinical and paraclinical parameters, but it did not cure the condition. The positive results in the joints were accompanied by many histological alterations. The experiment revealed the toxic visceral effects of Leflunomide on the liver, heart and kidney.

关键词： ARAVA^(█)(Leflunomide) Rheumatoid Arthritis side effects

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Progestogen-Only Injectable Contraceptives: The Profile of the Acceptors, side effects and Discontinuation in a Low Resource Setting, Nigeria

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Open Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2016年第4期6卷 189-195页

作者： Charles O. Njoku Cajethan I. Emechebe Christopher U. Iklaki Amarachukwu N. Njoku Jenkins T. Ukaga Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology University of Calabar Teaching Hospital (UCTH) Calabar Nigeria

Progestogen-only injectable contraceptive is a highly effective, long lasting and reversible agent of fertility control. The objective is to determine the profile of the acceptors, side effects and indication for discontinuation of progestogen-only injectable contraceptives at UCTH, Calabar. This was a retrospective study of the clients who used progestogen-only injectable contraceptives at the family planning unit between 1st January 2008 and 31st December 2014. A total of 1392 clients used the injectable progestogen-only contraceptive out of 5986 total contraceptive users giving the prevalence rate of 23.3% over the period. Of these, 60.4% of the clients accepted the depot medroxyprogesterone acetate, while 39.6% accepted the norethisterone enanthate. It was mostly utilized by multiparous women, clients with tertiary education and those in their third decade of life. Secondary amenorrhea was the commonest side effect in 47.7% of the clients. Over the study period, 243 (19.8%) discontinued the method and 48.1% discontinued due to secondary amenorrhea while 31.4% was due to desire to get pregnant. Progestogen-only injectable contraceptive was associated with multiple side-effects, with secondary amenorrhea being the most common, and menstrual irregularity was the main reason for discontinuation. Providing adequate information to clients about this method of contraception and its probable side effects, supportive counseling during initiation of contraception and re-enforcement during follow-up visit can go a long way in enhancing patient satisfaction and hence continuation of progestogen-only injectable contraceptive despite minor side effects.

关键词： Injectable Progestogen Depot-Provera Contraceptives side effects Calabar

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Comparative risk of acute kidney injury among cancer patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors

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Cancer Communications 2023年第2期43卷 214-224页

作者： Fei Liu ZixianWang Xiaofan Li Zhen Zhang Yue Yang Junquan Chen Dinghua Chen Lingling Wu Xiangyu Liu Sujun Han Fangming Wang Wasilijiang Wahafu Yibo Gao Shancheng Ren Nianzeng Xing Guangyan Cai Xiangmei Chen Department of Urology National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingP.R.China Laboratory of Translational Medicine National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingP.R.China Department of Thoracic Surgery National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingP.R.China Department of Medical Oncology Sun Yat-sen University Cancer CenterGuangzhouGuangdongP.R.China Department of Nephrology First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General HospitalNephrology Institute of the Chinese People’s Liberation ArmyState Key Laboratory of Kidney DiseasesNational Clinical Research Center for Kidney DiseasesBeijing Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease ResearchBeijingP.R.China Department of Plastic Surgery Plastic Surgery HospitalChinese Academy of Medical SciencesPeking Union Medical CollegeBeijingPR China State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingP.R.China Central Laboratory National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital&Shenzhen HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeShenzhenGuangdongP.R.China Department of Urology Shanghai Changzheng HospitalShanghaiP.R.China

With the development and introduction of immune checkpoint inhibitors(ICIs)in cancer patients,immune-related side effects have increasingly attracted attention.However,the risks of immune-related renal toxicity are poorly characterized.In this study,we performed a network meta-analysis(NMA)of ICI-related randomized clinical trials(RCTs)to elucidate the comparative risk of acute kidney injury(AKI)in cancer patients receiving different ICIs.We also sought to identify other factors potentially affecting the risk of AKI.PubMed and EMBASE were searched for peer-reviewed trial reports published between January 2000 and May 2021.Eligible studies were RCTs studying ICIs in cancer patients and reporting AKI data.We performed a frequentist NMA to evaluate the risk ratios for grade 1-5 and grade 3-5 AKI between the treatment groups.We also assessed the absolute incidence of AKI in the ICI-containing arm using traditional direct meta-analysis.Once significant heterogeneity was detected in a traditional direct meta-analysis,multivariable meta-regression analysis was applied to identify factors that significantly affected the absolute incidence of AKI.A total of 85 RCTs were included in this study.In the NMA for the risk of grade 1-5 and 3-5 AKI,ipilimumab showed a significantly higher risk than avelumab and durvalumab,whereas 1 mg/kg nivolumab plus 3 mg/kg ipilimumab(N1I3)showed a significantly higher risk than other groups.In terms of treatment ranking,durvalumab±low-dose tremelimumab and avelumab were consistently among the top three safest treatments for grade 1-5 or 3-5 AKI,whereas N1I3,ipilimumab and tremelimumab were consistently among the top three treatments with the highest risk for grade 1-5 or 3-5 AKI.Compared with other cancers,renal cell carcinoma and urothelial carcinoma showed a significantly higher risk of AKI.The incidence of AKI was significantly higher with ICI+chemotherapy than with ICI monotherapy.In this NMA involving largescale up-to-date ICI trials,we demonstrated the comparative safety of existing ICI

关键词： immune checkpoint inhibitors acute kidney injury cancer immune therapy side effects

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The natural course of bacillus Calmette-Guerin induced bladder lesions:A long-term follow-up study and systematic review

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Asian Journal of Urology 2023年第3期10卷 356-363页

作者： Chong Ma Shuxiong Zeng Lihe Dai Huan Han Ruixiang Song Jinshan Xu Xing Ai Chuanliang Xu Department of Urology The Third Medical Center of PLA General HospitalBeijingChina Department of Urology Changhai HospitalNaval Medical UniversityShanghaiChina Department of Urology The 943 Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force of Chinese PLAGansuChina Department of Pathology Changhai HospitalNaval Medical UniversityShanghaiChina

Objective:Bacillus Calmette-Gue´rin(BCG)instillation is the standard adjuvant treatment for intermediate-and high-risk non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer after transurethral resection.Nevertheless,its toxicity often causes bladder complications.On follow-up cystoscopy,post-BCG bladder lesions can be pathologically benign,urothelial carcinoma recurrence,or other types of bladder malignancy.Only a small number of case reports have been published on post-BCG bladder lesions.Their clinical features,natural course,and management remain unknown.Methods:We retrospectively studied cystoscopic videos and medical records of BCG-treated bladder cancer patients at our center.During a long-term follow-up,we took biopsies on tumor-like lesions and described their changes.In addition,we summarized previous studies on post-BCG bladder lesions by systematic literature searching and review.Results:We described a series of three cases with post-BCG bladder lesions mimicking tumor recurrence from a total of 38 cases with follow-up data for more than 5 years.Those lesions could last,grow,or disappear spontaneously,and remain pathological benign for years.In systematic review,we identified and analyzed a total of 15 cases with post-BCG bladder lesions with detailed clinical information.Eleven of the 15 were benign and have a good prognosis with nephrogenic adenoma being the most common pathological type.Conclusion:Based on previous studies and our experience,benign lesions after BCG instillation cannot distinguish with cancer recurrence by cystoscopy alone,even under narrow band imaging mode.Nonetheless,given most of them have a good prognosis,random biopsy or transurethral resection might be spared in the patients with long-term negative biopsy and urine cytology.

关键词： Bacillus Calmette-Guerin Bladder cancer side effects Cystoscopy Follow-up

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