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Depositional model of the Member Deng-2 marginal microbial mound-bank complex of the Dengying Formation in the southwestern sichuan basin, SW China: Implications for the Ediacaran microbial mound construction and hydrocarbon exploration

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Petroleum Science 2024年第2期21卷 806-822页

作者： Jin-Min Song Xin Jin Zhong Luo Shu-Gen Liu Shao-Bo Liu Xing-Zhi Ma Zhi-Wu Li Xue-Song Lu Ling-Li Zhao Ke-Ran Li Jia-Xin Ren Li-Zhou Tian Hao-Shuang Deng State Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Reservoir Geology and Exploitation Chengdu University of TechnologyChengdu610059SichuanChina PetroChina Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Development Beijing100083China Xihua University Chengdu610039SichuanChina

Recent advances in hydrocarbon exploration have been made in the Member Deng-2 marginal microbial mound-bank complex reservoirs of the Dengying Formation in the western sichuan basin, SW China,where the depositional process is regarded confusing. The microfacies, construction types, and depositional model of the Member Deng-2 marginal microbial mound-bank complex have been investigated using unmanned aerial vehicle photography, outcrop section investigation, thin section identification,and seismic reflections in the southwestern sichuan basin. The microbialite lithologic textures in this region include thrombolite, dendrolite, stromatolite, fenestral stromatolite, spongiostromata stone,oncolite, aggregated grainstone, and botryoidal grapestone. Based on the comprehensive analysis of“depositional fabrics-lithology-microfacies”, an association between a fore mound, mound framework,and back mound subfacies has been proposed based on water depth, current direction, energy level and lithologic assemblages. The microfacies of the mound base, mound core, mound flank, mound cap, and mound flat could be recognized among the mound framework subfacies. Two construction types of marginal microbial mound-bank complex have been determined based on deposition location, mound scale, migration direction, and sedimentary facies association. Type Jinkouhe microbial mound constructions(TJMMCs) develop along the windward margin owing to their proximity to the seaward subfacies fore mound, with a northeastwardly migrated microbial mound on top of the mud mound,exhibiting the characteristics of large-sized mounds and small-sized banks in the surrounding area. Type E'bian microbial mound constructions(TEMMCs) primarily occur on the leeward margin, resulting from the presence of onshore back mound subfacies, with the smaller southwestward migrated microbial mounds existing on a thicker microbial flat. The platform margin microbial mound depositional model can be correlated with certain late

关键词： sichuan basin The Member Deng-2 Marginal microbial mound-bank complex Depositional model Exploration implications

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Hydrocarbon expulsion model and resource potential evaluation of high-maturity marine source rocks in deep basins:Example from the Ediacaran microbial dolomite in the sichuan basin,China

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Petroleum Science 2022年第6期19卷 2618-2630页

作者： Wen-Yang Wang Xiong-Qi Pang Ya-Ping Wang Zhang-Xin Chen Chang-Rong Li Xin-Hua Ma State Key Laboratory of Lithospheric Evolution Institute of Geology and GeophysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources and Prospecting China University of Petroleum(Beijing)Beijing 102249China College of Geosciences China University of Petroleum(Beijing)Beijing 102249China Research Institute of Exploration and Development Petro China Southwest Oil&Gas Field CompanyChengduSichuan 610041China Chemical and Petroleum Engineering Schulich School of EngineeringUniversity of CalgaryCalgary T2N 1N4Canada School of Earth and Space Sciences Peking UniversityBeijing 100871China Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Development(RIPED) Petro ChinaBeijing 100083China

Hydrocarbon expulsion features and resource potential evaluation of source rocks are crucial for the petroleum ***-maturity marine source rocks have not exhibited a hydrocarbon expulsion mode owing to the lack of low-maturity source rocks in deep petroliferous *** considered the Ediacaran microbial dolomite in the sichuan basin,the largest high-maturity marine gas layer in China,to exhibit a method that quantitatively characterizes the hydrocarbon expulsion of high-maturity marine source *** experiment of fluid inclusion,rock pyrolysis,and vitrinite reflectance(Ro)of 119 microbial dolomite core samples obtained from the Dengying Formation were performed.A hydrocarbon expulsion model of high-maturity source rock was established,and its resource potential was *** results showed that the Ediacaran microbial dolomite in the sichuan basin is a good source rock showing vast resource *** hydrocarbon expulsion threshold is determined to be vitrinite reflectance at 0.92%.The hydrocarbon expulsion intensities in the geologic history is high with maximum of 1.6×10^(7)t/km^(2).The Ediacaran microbial dolomite expelled approximately 1.008×10^(12)t of hydrocarbons,and the recoverable resource was 1.5×10^(12)m^(3).The region can be categorized into areasⅠ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ,andⅣ,in decreasing order of hydrocarbon expulsion *** with a higher hydrocarbon expulsion intensity have a lower drilling risk and should be prioritized for exploration in the orderⅠ>Ⅱ>Ⅲ>Ⅳ.Two areas,northern and central parts of Ediacaran in the sichuan basin,were selected as prospects which had the drilling priority in the future gas *** production data of 55 drilled wells verified the high reliability of this *** model in this study does not require low-maturity samples and can be used for evaluating high-maturity marine source rocks,which has broad applicability in deep basins worldwide.

关键词： Deep petroliferous basin Overmatured source rocks Hydrocarbon expulsion model Resource evaluation sichuan basin

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Prototypes,modifications,and hydrocarbon enrichment variations in basins influenced by Tethyan evolution:A comparative analysis of the Persian Gulf basin and the sichuan basin

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Science China Earth Sciences 2023年第12期66卷 2871-2897页

作者： Zhiliang HE Zhijun JIN Shuangjian LI Guoping BAI Xueyan LV Jinrui GUO Jian GAO Jinyin YIN Yingqiang LI Dingye ZHENG China Petroleum&Chemical Corporation Beijing 100728China Institute of Energy Peking UniversityBejing 100871China SINOPEC Petroleum Exploration and Production Research Institute Beijing 102206China SINOPEC Key Laboratory of Geology and Resources in Deep Stratum Beijing 102206China

The hydrocarbon accumulation modes and differences in the Tethyan realm serve as a hot research topic in the petroleum geology community at home and *** the Persian Gulf basin in the Middle East and the sichuan basin in China,situated on the southern and northern sides of the Tethyan realm,respectively,record the whole geological process of the opening and closure of the Prototethys,the Paleotethys,and the Neotethys sequentially,exhibiting anomalous hydrocarbon *** on the analysis of the plate tectonic evolution in the Tethyan realm,this study dissects the structures and hydrocarbon accumulation conditions of both *** by a systematic comparative analysis of the factors controlling hydrocarbon enrichment in the process of plate breakup and convergence in the Tethyan realm,this study proposes petroleum exploration targets in the *** results are as follows:(1)Since the Meso-Neoproterozoic,the Persian Gulf basin and the sichuan basin have undergone similar tectonic evolution in the early stage but different in the late *** the influence of the formation and evolution of the Prototethys,Paleotethys,and Neotethys oceans,both basins experienced multi-stage development and modification,forming two major extension-convergence ***,both basins are characterized by the vertical orderly superimposition of various basin prototypes in the order of rift-intracratonic basin(passive continental margin)-foreland.(2)The fact that the Tethyan realm was long located at medium-low latitudes and the local anoxic environment formed in the process of plate breakup and convergence played a vital role in the formation of extensive source *** source rocks are predominantly distributed in underfilled rifts and deep depressions that were connected to the ocean in the unidirectional continental breakup process;basin-slopes and intra-shelf basins on passive continental margins;basinal lows within intracratonic basins,and underfill

关键词： Tethyan realm Unidirectional breakup and convergence basin prototype Structural modification Hydrocarbon enrichment Exploration target Persian Gulf basin sichuan basin

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Effects of land use patterns on soil aggregate stability in sichuan basin,China

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Particuology 2008年第3期6卷 157-166页

作者： Zhen Zhang Chaofu Wei Deti Xie Ming Gao Xibai Zeng College of Resources and Environment Southwest University Chongqing 400716 China Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development for Agriculture Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Beijing 100081 China

Soil aggregate stability as a key indicator of soil structure, is a product of interactions between soil environment, management practices, and land use patterns. The objective of this study was to analyze the impact of various land use patterns on soil aggregate stability in sichuan basin of southwestern China. The dry- and water-stable aggregate size distributions were determined by manual dry sieving procedure and Yoder＇s wet sieving procedure, respectively, while microaggregates and its mechanical and chemical stabilities by Kachisky＇s method, oscillator method, and citrate-dithionate （C-D） reagent method, separately. The results indicated that fractal dimension and surface fractal dimension were useful indicators to reflect soil aggregate distribution. Land use patterns have an obvious influence on soil aggregate stability. In the study area, water stability, mechanical stability, and chemical stability followed the sequence, Barren land 〉 forestland 〉 orchard 〉 cropland, and the original stability and collapse velocity were sensitive to soil properties and soil structure. The difference of aggregate stability under different land use patterns is mainly due to the intensity of human disturbance and cultivation. Improper land use patterns will lead to breakdown of unstable aggregates, producing finer and more-easily transportable particles and microaggregates. In the future, inappropriate cultivation and land use patterns should be changed to protect soil structure, to improve soil aggregate stability and soil fertility in sichuan basin.

关键词： Aggregate size distribution Soil aggregate stability Fractal dimension Land use pattern Purple soil sichuan basin China

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Characteristics and genesis of the Feixianguan Formation oolitic shoal reservoir, Puguang gas field, sichuan basin, China

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Frontiers of Earth Science 2015年第1期9卷 26-39页

作者： Peiyuan CHEN Xiucheng TAN Huiting YANG Ming TANG Yiwei JIANG Xiuju JIN Yang YU State Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Geology and Exploration Southwest Petroleum University Chengdu 610500 China School of Geoscience and Technology Southwest Petroleum University Chengdu 610500 China Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Development SINOPEC Zhongyuan Oilfield Company Puyang 457001 China

The Lower Triassic Feixianguan Formation at the well-known Puguang gasfield in the northeastern sichuan basin of southwest China produces a representa- tive oolitic reservoir, which has been the biggest marinesourced gasfield so far in China （discovered in 2003 with proven gas reserves greater than 350× 10^8 m3）. This study combines core, thin section, and scanning electron microscopy observations, and geochemical analysis （C, O, and Sr isotopes） in order to investigate the basic characteristics and formation mechanisms of the reservoir. Observations indicate that platform margin oolitic dolomites are the most important reservoir rocks. Porosity is dominated by intergranular and intragranular solution, and moldic pore. The dolomites are characterized by medium porosity and permeability, averaging at approximately 9% and 29.7 mD, respectively. ^87Sr/^86Sr （0.707536-0.707934） and δ^13CpDB （1.8 ‰--3.5 ‰） isotopic values indicate that the dolomitization fluid is predominantly concentrated seawater by evaporation, and the main mechanism for the oolitic dolomite formation is seepage reflux at an early stage of eodiagenesis. Both sedimentation and diagenesis （e.g., dolomitization and dissolution） have led to the formation of high-quality rocks to different degrees. Dolomite formation may have little contribution, karst may have had both positive and negative influences, and burial dissolution-TSR （thermochemical sulfate reduction） may not impact widely. The preservation of primary intergranular pores and dissolution by meteoric or mixed waters at the early stage of eogenesis are the main influences. This study may assist oil and gas explorationactivities in the Puguang area and in other areas withdolomitic reservoirs.

关键词： oolite shoal reservoir carbonate diagenesis,Triassic Feixianguan Formation Puguang gas field sichuan basin

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Genesis of ultra-deep dolostone and controlling factors of largescale reservoir:A case study of the Sinian Dengying Formation and the Cambrian Longwangmiao Formation in the sichuan basin

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Science China Earth Sciences 2024年第7期67卷 2352-2382页

作者： Xi LI Guangyou ZHU Zhiyao ZHANG PetroChina Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Development Beijing 100083China School of Geosciences Yangtze UniversityWuhan 430100China School of Earth Resoures China University of GeosciencesWuhan 430074China

This paper investigates the origin of ultra-deep dolostone and the factors influencing large-scale dolostone reservoirs,focusing on the Sinian Dengying Formation and the Cambrian Longwangmiao Formation in the sichuan *** study involves petrology,microscale X-ray diffraction,trace element analysis,and C-O-Sr-Mg isotope experiments to provide a detailed *** research findings indicate that the Dengying and Longwangmiao formations comprise six types of matrix dolostone and four types of *** Dengying Formation,which developed under a sedimentary background of a restricted platform,contains special microbial and microcrystalline *** dolomite grains are small(30μm),high order degree(Min=0.7),small unit cell parameters,high Na content

关键词： Ultra-deep layers Dolostone Supercontinent evolution Microscale geochemistry Dengying Formation Longwangmiao Formation sichuan basin

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End-Triassic storm deposits in the lacustrine sichuan basin and their driving mechanisms

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Science China Earth Sciences 2024年第7期67卷 2383-2400页

作者： Jianli ZENG Tingshan ZHANG Mihai Emilian POPA Yongdong WANG Xi ZHANG Liqin LI Yuanyuan XU Ning LU Xiaoqing ZHANG School of Geoscience and Technology Southwest Petroleum University Chengdu 610500China sichuan Key Laboratory of Natural Gas Geology Southwest Petroleum University Chengdu 610500China Faculty of Geology and Geophysics Doctoral Schoolof Geology Laboratory of Palaeontology University of Bucharest.Bucharest 010041Romania Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology Chinese Academy of Sciences Nanjing 210008China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences NanjingNanjing 210008China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

Storm deposits or tempestites are event sequences formed by storms,requiring at least a water temperature of 26.5℃.While inland lakes are unlikely to form storm deposits because of their limited width and water *** Upper Triassic Xujiahe Formation in the sichuan basin is a set of coal-bearing,clastic sequences with dominant sedimentary facies varying from braided river delta to lacustrine settings,with storm deposits widely *** the Zilanba of Guanyuan area,in situ tree trunks on a palaeosol surface in Member Vof the Xujiahe Formation provide new evidence of a storm *** fallen-down directions of nine in situ tree trunks were predominant in the NW direction,contrary to the palaeocurrent direction of the underlying strata,suggesting that the southeasterlies prevailed during the end-Triassic in the northern sichuan *** mud clasts were frequently recorded in sandstones of the Xujiahe Formation,as well as in the Xindianzi *** mud clasts showed a rip-up or a plastic deformation with upside-down V-shapes,were capped on an erosional surface,showed no transport traces and were therefore interpreted as a storm lag *** megamonsoonal climate prevailed during the Late Triassic,although the megamonsoons themselves could not generate a storm deposition in the Xujiahe Formation due to its low maximum surface wind *** driving mechanism for generating storm deposits in the Xujiahe Formation is suggested to be tropical cyclones over the Tethys Ocean moving eastward,further landfalling on the western margin of the sichuan *** of storm events in the circum-Tethys region show a widespread storm surge in low latitudes during the *** storm deposits at the top of the Xujiahe Formation represent a sedimentary response to the end-Triassic hyperthermal event.

关键词： sichuan basin End-Triassic Xujiahe Formation Storm deposits

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Geochemistry of lower Silurian shale of Longmaxi Formation,southeastern sichuan basin,China:Implications for provenance and source weathering

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Journal of Central South University 2016年第3期23卷 669-676页

作者：郭岭贾超超杜伟 State Key Laboratory of Continental Dynamics(Northwest University) Xi'an 710069China Department of Geology Northwest UniversityXi'an 710069China Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Development of Sinopec Beijing 100083China

Lower Silurian Longmaxi Shale(SLS) in southeastern sichuan basin, China, was analyzed for major and selected trace elements, and their provenance, intensity of palaeoweathering of the source rocks were analyzed based on these elements. The results show that SiO_2, Al_2O_3 and Fe_2O_3, are dominant major elements with average contents of 60.59%, 15.91% and 5.87% in Upper Silurian Longmaxi Shale(USLS), and 65.14%, 13.24% and 4.68% in Lower Silurian Longmaxi Shale(LSLS). The TiO_2-Zr plot, Hf(ppm) versus La/Th discriminant diagram, and abundance of Cr and Ni suggest a dominantly felsic source for the Longmaxi sediments. Average chemical index of alteration(CIA), plagioclase index of alteration(PIA) values(64.05% and 72.86%, respectively) imply low-degree chemical weathering of the source material in early Longmaxi time, and average CIA, PIA values(68.44% and 80.35%, respectively) imply moderate chemical weathering of the source material in late Longmaxi time.

关键词： trace elements black shale provenance weathering discriminant diagrams sichuan basin

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Occurrence and conceptual sedimentary model of Cambrian gypsum-bearing evaporites in the sichuan basin, SW China

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Geoscience Frontiers 2018年第4期9卷 1179-1191页

作者： Hong Liu Xiucheng Tan Yonghao Li Jian Cao Bin Luo State Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Reservoir Geology and Exploitation Southwest Petroleum University Division of Sedimentology and Hydrocarbon Accumulation Petro China Key Laboratory of Carbonate ReservoirSouthwest Petroleum University School of Earth Science and Technology Southwest Petroleum University School of Earth Sciences and Engineering Nanjing University Research Institute of Exploration and Development PetroChina Southwest Oil and Gas Field Company

During the Cambrian, gypsum-bearing evaporites formed in the sichuan basin, SW China. These rocks are important for oil and gas sealing, but details of their distribution and origin are not well established. This study examines the regional distribution and origin of the gypsum-bearing evaporites using a comprehensive analysis of drilling data from 34 wells, 5 measured cross-sections in the basin and surrounding area, and 96 maps of area-survey data. Results show that in the stratigraphic succession, the gypsum-bearing evaporites occur mainly in the Lower Cambrian Longwangmiao Formation, the Middle Cambrian Douposi Formation, and the Middle-Upper Cambrian Xixiangchi Group. Geographically, the rocks are found mainly in the southeastern part of the basin, and the distribution of deposits shows an overall SW-NE trend. The sedimentary environments for evaporite formation were evaporative lagoon and inter-platform basin in a platform setting. Gypsum was generated by the underwater concentration of sea water in a strongly evaporative environment. Both an evaporative restricted platform and a mixeddeposition restricted platform model appear to be applicable to the development of gypsum in the sichuan basin. The gypsum-bearing evaporites with the best sealing capacity are located mostly in the southeastern part of the basin. These constraints can be applied directly to regional exploration, and have implications for the regional paleogeography and paleoclimate.

关键词： sichuan basin Cambrian Gypsum-bearing evaporite Evaporative lagoon Inter-platform basin Platform

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Thermal evolution and dynamic mechanism of the sichuan basin during the Early Permian-Middle Triassic

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Science China Earth Sciences 2011年第12期54卷 1948-1954页

作者： HE LiJuan XU HeHua WANG JiYang State Key Laboratory of Lithospheric Evolution Institute of Geology and Geophysics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100029 China CAS Key Laboratory of the Marginal Sea Geology South China Sea Institute of Oceanology Chinese Academy of Sciences Guangzhou 510301 China

The sichuan basin, located in the western margin of Yangtze Plate, is one of the important oil-gas-bearing basins in China. During the Early Permian-Middle Triassic, the sichuan basin experienced regional lithospheric extension and Emeishan basalt activities, both of which influenced the basin development and thermal evolution. Here we simulated the thermal effects of lithospheric extension and the Emeishan mantle plume based on different geodynamical models. Modeling results indicated that the lithospheric temperature together with the basement heat flow was generally increasing with time due to extension. As the stretching factor was relatively small, the thinning of lithosphere, and consequently the thermal disturbance, was not great. The lithospheric extension yielded about 20% increase of the basement heat flow, with maximum value of 60?62 mW m?2 in the Early Triassic. Mantle plume model shows that the thermal evolution of the inner zone above the plume head was influenced greatly by plume activity. But the outer zone and its outside area where the sichuan basin is located were affected only slightly. The basalts that had erupted in the southwestern basin might disturb the basin temperature significantly, although shortly and locally. Generally, the thermal history of the sichuan basin during the Early Permian-Middle Triassic was controlled by the lithospheric extension, but locally it superimposed thermal effects of basalt activities in its southwestern area.

关键词： tectono-thermal evolution numerical modeling lithospheric extension Emeishan basalt sichuan basin

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