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Lactobacillus plantarum J26 alleviates alcohol-induced oxidative liver injury by regulating the Nrf2 signaling pathway

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2024年第4期13卷 2068-2078页

作者： Hongxuan Li Shasha Cheng Yuhong Wang Yilin Sun Jiaxin Zhang Mingshuang Sun Chaoxin Man Yu Zhang Yujun Jiang Key Laboratory of Dairy Science Ministry of EducationCollege of Food Science and EngineeringNortheast Agricultural UniversityHarbin 150030China

Oxidative stress is one of the main ways to cause alcohol-induced liver injury,and alcoholic liver disease(ALD)has been a common health problem worldwide.Lactic acid bacteria(LAB)is also considered as a potential treatment to alleviate alcohol-induced liver injury.Lactobacillus plantarum J26 is a LAB isolated from Chinese traditional fermented dairy products with excellent probiotic effects.This study aimed to establish a mice model of alcoholic liver injury through acute-on-chronic alcohol feeding and to study the alleviating effect of pre-intake of L.plantarum J26 on alcohol-induced oxidative liver injury and focus on its potential mechanism of alleviating effect.The results showed that pre-intake of L.plantarum J26 could improve liver pathological changes,reduce lipid accumulation,increase mitochondrial ATP and mitochondrial(mtDNA)levels,and alleviate liver injury.In addition,pre-intake L.plantarum J26 can improve the level of short-chain fatty acids(SCFAs)in the intestines in mice,short chain fatty acids can be used as a signaling molecule activation of nuclear factor E2-related factor 2(Nrf2)signaling pathway to alleviate liver oxidative stress,and maintain mitochondrial homeostasis by regulating the expression of genes related to mitochondrial dynamics and autophagy,thereby reducing cell apoptosis to alleviate alcohol-induced oxidative liver injury.

关键词： Alcoholic liver disease Probiotics Nuclear factor E2-related factor 2(Nrf2) Oxidative stress short-chain fatty acids

Metabolic syndrome’s new therapy:Supplement the gut microbiome

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World Journal of Diabetes 2024年第4期15卷 793-796页

作者： Yong-Wei Xu Jun Tian Yan Song Ba-Cui Zhang Jing Wang Department of Gastroenterology Songjiang HospitalSchool of MedicineShanghai Jiaotong UniversityShanghai 201600China

This letter to the editor discusses the publication on gut microbiome supple-mentation as therapy for metabolic syndrome.Gut microbiome dysbiosis disrupts intestinal bacterial homeostasis and is related to chronic inflammation,insulin resistance,cardiovascular diseases,type 2 diabetes mellitus,and obesity.Previous research has found that increasing the abundance of beneficial microbiota in the gut modulates metabolic syndrome by reducing chronic inflammation and insulin resistance.Prebiotics,probiotics,synbiotics,and postbiotics are often used as supplements to increase the number of beneficial microbes and thus the produc-tion of short-chain fatty acids,which have positive effects on the gut microbiome and metabolic syndrome.In this review article,the author summarizes the available supplements to increase the abundance of beneficial gut microbiota and reduce the abundance of harmful microbiota in patients with metabolic disorders.Our group is also researching the role of the gut microbiota in chronic liver disease.This article will be of great help to our research.At the end of the letter,the mechanism of the gut microbiota in chronic liver disease is discussed.

关键词： Gut microbiome Metabolic syndrome Diabetes mellitus short-chain fatty acids Chronic liver disease

Effects of Rosa roxburghii&edible fungus fermentation broth on immune response and gut microbiota in immunosuppressed mice

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2024年第1期13卷 154-165页

作者： Dechang Xu Jielun Hu Yadong Zhong Yanli Zhang Wenting Liu Shaoping Nie Mingyong Xie State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology China-Canada Joint Laboratory of Food Science and Technology(Nanchang)Key Laboratory of Bioactive Polysaccharides of Jiangxi ProvinceNanchang UniversityNanchang 330047China

With the rise of probiotics fermentation in food industry,fermented foods have attracted worldwide attention.In this study,protective effects of Rosa roxburghii&edible fungus fermentation broth(REFB)on immune function and gut health in Cyclophosphamide induced immunosuppressed mice were investigated.Results showed that REFB could improve the immune organ index,and promote the proliferation and differentiation of splenic T lymphocytes.In addition,it attenuated intestinal mucosal damage and improved intestinal cellular immunity.REFB administration also up-regulated the expression of IL-4,INF-γ,TNF-α,T-bet and GATA-3 mRNA in small intestine.Furthermore,administration of REFB modulated gut microbiota composition and increased the relative abundance of beneficial genus,such as Bacteroides.It also increased the production of fecal short-chain fatty acids.These indicate that REFB has the potential to improve immunity,alleviate intestinal injury and regulate gut microbiota in immunosuppressed mice.

关键词： Fermented foods Immunosuppressed mice Immune response Gut microbiota short-chain fatty acids

Structural characterization and prebiotic potential of polysaccharides from Polygonatum sibiricum

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2024年第4期13卷 2208-2220页

作者： Zihan Qi Tiexiang Gao Jingjing Li Shuhan Zhou Zhigang Zhang Mingzhu Yin Haiming Hu Hongtao Liu College of Basic Medical Sciences Hubei University of Chinese MedicineWuhan 430065China College of Pharmacy Hubei University of Chinese MedicineWuhan 430065China

Polygonatum sibiricum has been widely used due to its excellent biological activities.We prepared a novel polysaccharide from P.sibiricum(PSP)in this study.According a monosaccharide composition analysis,PSP was mainly composed of fructose and glucose with a molar percentage of 93.81:5.12.The main linkage types were identified asα-D-Glcp-1→and→2-β-D-Fruf-1→.The molecular weight of PSP showed no significant change after simulated salivary and gastrointestinal digestion.However,PSP could be broken down by intestinal bacteria.Our findings revealed that PSP administration increased the abundance of probiotics such as Bifidobacterium.Furthermore,the results showed that gut microbes could utilize PSP to produce short-chain fatty acids including acetic acid,propionic acid,and butyric acid.Also,the PSP fermentation broth displayed an excellent scavenging effect on free radicals,including 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical,superoxide radical,and hydroxyl radical.In summary,this study will help to promote the application of PSP as prebiotics in functional food and the medical industry.

关键词： Dietary polysaccharides Prebiotic Gut microbiota short-chain fatty acids

Potential efficacy and mechanism of eight mild-natured and bitterflavored TCMs based on gut microbiota:A review

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Chinese Herbal Medicines 2024年第1期16卷 42-55页

作者： Wenquan Su Yanan Yang Xiaohui Zhao Jiale Cheng Yuan Li Shengxian Wu Chongming Wu Dongzhimen Hospital Beijing University of Chinese MedicineBeijing 100700China School of Chinese Materia Medica Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese MedicineTianjin 301617China Tianjin Key Laboratory of Therapeutic Substance of Traditional Chinese Medicine Tianjin 301617China

The mild-natured and bitter-flavored traditional Chinese medicines(MB-TCMs)are an important class of TCMs that have been widely used in clinical practice and recognized as safe long-term treatments for chronic diseases.However,as an important class of TCMs,the panorama of pharmacological effects and the mechanisms of MB-TCMs have not been systemically reviewed.Compelling studies have shown that gut microbiota can mediate the therapeutic activity of TCMs and help to elucidate the core principles of TCM medicinal theory.In this systematic review,we found that MB-TCMs commonly participated in the modulation of metabolic syndrome,intestinal inflammation,nervous system disease and cardiovascular system disease in association with promoting the growth of beneficial bacteria Bacteroides,Akkermansia,Lactobacillus,Bifidobacterium,Roseburia as well as inhibiting the proliferation of harmful bacteria Helicobacter,Enterococcus,Desulfovibrio and Escherichia-Shigella.These alterations,correspondingly,enhance the generation of protective metabolites,mainly including short-chain fatty acids(SCFAs),bile acid(BAs),5-hydroxytryptamine(5-HT),indole and gamma-aminobutyric acid(GABA),and inhibit the generation of harmful metabolites,such as proinflammatory factors trimethylamine oxide(TAMO)and lipopolysaccharide(LPS),to further exert multiplicative effects for the maintenance of human health through several different signaling pathways.Altogether,this present review has attempted to comprehensively summarize the relationship between MB-TCMs and gut microbiota by establishing the TCMs-gut microbiota-metabolite-signaling pathway-diseases axis,which may provide new insight into the study of TCM medicinal theories and their clinical applications.

关键词： bile acid gamma-aminobutyric acid 5-hydroxytryptamine mild-natured and bitter-flavored traditional Chinese medicines property theory short-chain fatty acids traditional Chinese medicine trimethylamine oxide

Association of Gut microbiota with short-chain fatty acids and Inflammatory Cytokines in Diabetic Cognitive Impairment Patients

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Association of Gut microbiota with Short-Chain Fatty Acids a...

A review of the interaction between diet composition and gut microbiota and its impact on associated disease

中国营养学会第十五届全国营养科学大会

作者： Yage Du Ying Song Yanhui Lu Peking University

Emerging evidences suggest that gut microbiota, short-chain fatty acids(SCFAs), and inflammatory cytokines play important roles in the pathogenesis of diabetic cognitive impairment(DCI). However, fecal microbiome in Chinese patients with DCI remains unclear. Herein, we explore how the gut microbiota, plasma SCFAs and inflammatory cytokines differs in DCI patients compared to type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2 DM) patients. Methods A case-control study of 30 DCI patients and 30 T2 DM controls was conducted in the rural of Tianjin, China. Demographic information, blood samples, and fecal samples were collected. The fecal microbiome, SCFAs, and inflammatory cytokines were analyzed using 16 S ribosomal RNA(rRNA) gene sequencing, gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS) and Luminex immunofluorescence assays, respectively. The association of gut microbiota with DCI clinical characteristics, SCFAs, and inflammatory cytokines were analyzed. Results At the genus level, DCI patients had a decreased abundance of Escherichia and Akkermansia. Moreover, acetic acid, propionic acid, isobutyric acid, and butyric acid concentrations were significantly reduced in DCI patients compared with T2 DM controls. The plasma TNF-α and IL-8 concentrations were significantly increased in DCI participants. The plasma acetic acid, propionic acid, butyric acid, and isovaleric acid concentration were negatively associated with TNF-α, and acetic acid and butyric acid were negatively associated with IL-8. Furthermore, the genera Alloprevotella was negatively associated with butyric acid, Holdemanella was negatively associated with propanoic acid and isobutyric acid, and Fusobacterium was negatively associated with propanoic acid. The genera Clostridium XlVb was negatively associated with TNF-α, while Shuttleworthia was positively associated with TNF-α, and the genera Prevotella was negatively associated with IL-6. Conclusion In the present study we evaluated the abundance of certain gut microbiota in DCI in China population, but also reveal their asso

关键词： diabetic cognitive impairment gut microbiota 16S rRNA gene short-chain fatty acids inflammatory cytokines

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未来食品学报(英文) 2024年第3期4卷 221-232页

作者： Zhaoxi Liu Meihua Liu Jing Meng Lushan Wang Min Chen State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology Shandong UniversityQingdao 266237China Qingdao Center Medical Group Qingdao 266200China Jinan Maternity and Child Care Hospital Jinan 250000China

Dietary intake has an impact on the development of gut microbiota.Humans require carbohydrates,protein,fat,and other nutrients on a daily basis to provide energy for the growth,maintenance,and repair of body tissues.These nutrition-induced changes in gut microbiota may be used to alter host physiology,including disease development and progression,such as obesity and diabetes.More research is needed to fully understand how diet influences microbiota and how microbiota influence host health.The pathways of carbohydrate,protein,and fat metabolism,as well as their interactions and regulatory mechanisms,are described in this review,as well as how diet shapes the microbiota,how dietary-microbiome crosstalk may affect disease development and progression,and how this information could be used to maintain intestinal health.

关键词： Gut microbiota Carbohydrates Amino acids short-chain fatty acids Prebiotics

Multi-Compartment SCFA Quantification in Human

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American Journal of Analytical Chemistry 2024年第6期15卷 177-200页

作者： Jérémy Monteiro Antoine Lefèvre Diane Dufour-Rainfray Adeline Oury Gabrielle Chicheri Laurent Galineau Hélène Blasco Lydie Nadal-Desbarats Patrick Emond Imaging Brain & Neuropsychiatry iBraiN U1253 Universit de Tours INSERM MetaboHub Tours Tours France CHRU de Tours Service de Mdecine Nuclaire in Vitro Tours France Service de Biochimie et Biologie Molculaire CHRU Tours France

short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) play an important role in human biochemistry. They originate primarily from the digestive system through carbohydrates microbial fermentation. Most SCFA produced in the colon are absorbed by the intestinal wall and enter the bloodstream to be distributed throughout the body for multiple purposes. At the intestinal level, SCFA play a role in controlling fat storage and fatty acid metabolism. The effects of these beneficial compounds therefore concern overall health. They facilitate energy expenditure and are valuable allies in the fight against obesity and diabetes. SCFA are also involved in the regulation of the levels of several neurotransmitters such as GABA (γ-aminobutyric acid), glutamate, serotonin, dopamine, and norepinephrine. Their role is also highlighted in many inflammatory and neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease (AD) or Parkinson’s disease (PD). To have a realistic picture of the distribution of SCFA in different biological compartments of the human body, we propose to study SCFA simultaneously in five human biological samples: feces, saliva, serum, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), and urine, as well as in Dried Blood Spot (DBS). To evaluate their concentration and repeatability, we used 10 aliquots from pooled samples, analyzed by 3-nitrophenylhydrazine (3-NPH) derivation and liquid chromatography coupled with high sensitivity mass spectrometry (LC-QqQ-MS). We also evaluated the SCFA assay on Dried Blood Spot (DBS). In this work, we adapted the pre-analytical parts for each sample to be able to use a common calibration curve, thus facilitating multi-assay quantification studies and so being less time-consuming. Moreover, we proposed new daughter ions from the same neutral loss (43 Da) to quantify SCFAs, thus improving the sensitivity. In conclusion, our methodology, based on a unique calibration curve for all samples for each SCFA, is well-suited to quantified them in a clinical context.

关键词： LC-MS 3-Nitrophenylhydrazine short-chain fatty acids Human Biological Samples Quantification

Stereoselective metabolic disruption of cypermethrin by remolding gut homeostasis in rat

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2023年第4期126卷 761-771页

作者： Quan Zhang Sijia Gu YanWang Shitao Hu Siqing Yue Cui Wang Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology for Industrial Pollution Control of Zhejiang Province College of EnvironmentZhejiang University of TechnologyHangzhou 310032China School of Life Science Zhejiang Chinese Medical UniversityHangzhou 310053China

Cypermethrin(CYP), a prototypical synthetic pyrethroid, reportedly causes metabolic disruption, while its stereoselective impact remains elusive. This study initially revealed that only α-CYP caused significant weight loss at 8.5 mg/(kg·day) in rats. All three CYP isomers caused the accumulation of hepatic glycogen, and hyperlipemia phenotype as the increment of total triglyceride. Rats treated with α-CYP had markedly high blood glucose levels and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance index. The systematic inflammation of θ-CYP group rats was evidenced by high lipopolysaccharide-binding protein levels and abnormalities of leukocytes indices. By examining the gut microbiome, we found thatα-CYP-treated rats had low contents of Firmicutes and high levels of Verrucomicrobia while Elusimicrobia was enriched in the β-CYP group. The increasing alpha diversity in the θ-CYP group may be due to the dominance of pathogenic bacteria and the increase of probiotics to counteract adverse effects. Exclusively, the α-CYP group enriched total short-chain fatty acids(SCFAs), whereas most SCFAs depleted in the θ-CYP group. The correlation analysis further found Firmicutes, an energy storage modulator, was positive to body weight(BW),while SCFAs exerted the opposite, confirming the low BW in α-CYP. Blood glucose that correlated well with SCFAs and Verrucomicrobia can be accounted for the discrepancy betweenα-CYP and θ-CYP. Overall, the three isomers exerted stereoselective glycolipid disruption in rats, and gut homeostasis acted as vital indicators.

关键词： Cypermethrin Stereoisomeric selectivity Gut microbiota short-chain fatty acids Glycolipid metabolism