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A　nonlinear　model　for　nonbreaking　shoaling　random　waves

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 1998年第2期17卷 155-165页

作者： Liu, Xin'an Huang, Peiji Chen, Xueying Hu, Zejian First Institute of Oceanography State Oceanic Administration Qingdao 206003 China

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关键词： shoaling nonbreaking nonlinear random model

The role of nitric oxide and neuronal nitric oxide synthase in zebrafish(Danio rerio)shoaling

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Aquaculture and Fisheries 2021年第6期6卷 565-573页

作者： Rachit Penglee Lei Gao Yajuan Huang Liping Liu Sukkrit Nimitkul Baolong Bao Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources(Shanghai Ocean University) Ministry of EducationInternational Research Center for Marine Biosciences at Shanghai Ocean UniversityMinistry of Science and TechnologyNational Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science EducationShanghai Ocean UniversityShanghai201306China Department of Aquaculture Faculty of FisheriesKasetsart UniversityChatuchakBangkok10900Thailand

Nitric oxide(NO)-the product of arginine metabolism catalyzed by nitric oxide synthases(NOS)-is a well-known neurotransmitter which plays an important role in metabolism and amino acid transportation in the nervous *** particular,it can inhibit monoamine neurotransmitter transportation which affects animal behavior,especially social ***-is a one kind of social *** is a behavior that individual fish choose to join with their group within two factors;food and predation *** fish has quickly responded to predator and increased the change in feeding *** addition,shoaling also effect to stress response on stock density of aquaculture *** effect of NO molecular signaling on the dopamine pathway was investigated using zebrafish(Danio rerio)as a model *** aim was to understand the role of NOS and NO in shoaling behavior,which is typical of *** concentration of NO in the zebrafish brain was modulated using a knockout for the neuronal NOS gene,and NO production was induced through treatment with *** existence of NO in the zebrafish brain was confirmed by using a fluorescent *** concentration in the brain was measured by UPLC tandem mass *** measured shoaling cohesion of all individual fish of ***,using average distance between all pairs of fish(nearest neighbor distance)and analyzed tracking by Zebralab ViewPoint ***,our results suggest that a lower level of NO was associated with a higher level of dopamine,which in turn leads to the shoaling behavior.

关键词： Nitric oxide Neuronal nitric oxide synthase shoaling Dopamine transporter Neurotransmitter

Features of Internal Waves in a shoaling Thermocline

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International Journal of Geosciences 2013年第5期4卷 871-879页

作者： Vadim V. Navrotsky Valeriy Yu. Liapidevskii Elena P. Pavlova M.A. Lavrentiev Institute of Hydrodynamics Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences Novosibirsk Russia V.I.Il’ichev Pacific Oceanological Institute Far-Eastern Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences Vladivostok Russia

Observations and numeric modeling of internal wave generation and transformation in the shelf zone of sea show that the main part of tidal energy is transported to shores in form of internal gravitational waves. Long-term measurements of temperature and current velocity fluctuations at many levels in the near-bottom thermocline were carried out during the periods when stable seasonal thermocline was present. Analysis of the measurements permits us to understand mechanisms of internal wave destruction with turbulent motion generation and corresponding rebuilding of velocity and density mean fields in the stratified near-bottom layer. Spectral analysis of temperature fluctuations shows that in shoaling internal waves the low-frequency maxima disappear, maxima at higher frequencies appear, and the spectra slope in the high frequency range changes with depth. Taking into account the concurrent analysis of near-bottom pressure fluctuations and current velocity fluctuations from surface till bottom we come to the conclusion that breaking internal waves in a near-bottom thermocline generate not only small-scale three-dimensional turbulence, but also quasi-horizontal turbulence of larger scales, which considerably contributes into mixing and sediments, alluvium, and nutrients transport in the shelf zone of sea.

关键词： Shelf shoaling Thermocline Internal Waves Turbulence

Hydrodynamic Conditions in Front of a Vertical Wall with an Overhanging Horizontal Cantilever Slab

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Journal of Ocean University of China 2017年第6期16卷 978-990页

作者： KISACIK Dogan OZYURT Gulizar TROCH Peter Institute of Marine Sciences and Technology Dokuz Eylül University Department of Civil Engineering Middle East Technical University Department of Civil Engineering Ghent University

Transforming wave heights from offshore to the shoreline is the first step of any coastal engineering work. Wave breaking is analyzed to understand hydrodynamic conditions. For vertical breakwaters and sea walls, wave reflection is an important process that affects the determination of the wave height. Many of the design formulas presented in the literature depend on empirical studies based on the structures tested. In this study, the hydrodynamic conditions in front of a vertical wall with an overhanging horizontal cantilever slab with a foreshore slope of 1/20 are determined experimentally under regular wave conditions to assess the applicability of the formulas of Goda(2000) for predicting the nearshore wave height and breaker index equation(Goda, 2010). The selection of wave measurements used to determine the design wave height, the reflection coefficients, and wave breaking is also analyzed, and the reflection equations are derived from the dataset covering different breaker types. Small-scale tests show that the incident wave height is a good representative of the design wave height and that the values predicted by Goda are in good agreement with actual measurements. However, the predicted Hmax values are overestimated. In addition, the inception of the wave breaking point is postponed because of the reflection and/or turbulence left over from preceding waves, which is an effect of the vertical wall. At higher water levels, the effect of the vertical wall on the inception point becomes more significant.

关键词： wave breaking wave reflection wave shoaling vertical structure horizontal cantilever slab

Free-surface long wave propagation over linear and parabolic transition shelves

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Water Science and Engineering 2018年第4期11卷 318-327页

作者： Ikha Magdalena Iryanto Dominic E.Reeve Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences Bandung Institute of Technology Informatics Department Indramayu State Polytechnic College of Engineering Swansea UniversityBay Campus

Long-period waves pose a threat to coastal communities as they propagate from deep ocean to shallow coastal waters. At the coastline, such waves have a greater height and longer period in comparison with local storm waves, and can cause severe inundation and damage. In this study,we considered linear long waves in a two-dimensional(vertical-horizontal) domain propagating towards a shoreline over a shallowing *** solutions to the linear shallow water equations were found, through the separation of variables, for two forms of transition shelf morphology: deep water and shallow coastal water horizontal shelves connected by linear and parabolic transition, respectively. Expressions for the transmission and reflection coefficients are presented for each case. The analytical solutions were used to test the results from a novel computational scheme, which was then applied to extending the existing results relating to the reflected and transmitted components of an incident wave. The solutions and computational package provide new tools for coastal managers to formulate improved defence and riskmitigation strategies.

关键词： Shallow water equation Long-period wave shoaling Analytical solution Numerical solution Reflection coefficient Transmission coefficient

THE DISCOVERY OF YOREDALE CYCLIC DEPOSITS OF LATE PALEOZOIC IN NORTH CHINA AND ITS SIGNIFICANCE

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Chinese Science Bulletin 1990年第8期35卷 659-662页

作者：汪寿松陈昌明陈志明黄家宽柯保嘉陈安宁 Institute of Geology Academia Sinica Beijing 100011 PRC Exploration and Development Institute of Changqing Oil Exploration Bureau

A set of coal-bearing terrigenous clastic-carbonate cyclic shelf depositional sequences—Yoredale cyclic deposits are developed in the middle and upper parts of Taiyuan Formation of the Upper Carboniferous in the eastern part of Ordos Block, North China. They are comparable to the Yoredale cycles, but possess their own character. Yoredale cycles were first discovered in beds of Viseen age in the Yoredale-Wensleydale area in

关键词： Yoredale cyclic deposits limestone elastic rock coal shoaling late Carboniferous North China.