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Recent advances in gold-metal oxide core-shell nanoparticles： Synthesis, characterization, and their application for heterogeneous catalysis

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Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2016年第1期10卷 39-56页

作者： Michelle Lukosi Huiyuan Zhu Sheng Dai Department of Chemistry University of Tennessee Knoxville TN 37916 USA Chemical Sciences Division Oak Ridge National Laboratory Oak Ridge TN 37831 USA

Heterogeneous catalysis with core-shell struc- tures has been a large area of focus for many years. This paper reviews the most recent work and research in core- shell catalysts utilizing noble metals, specifically gold, as the core within a metal oxide shell. The advantage of the core-shell structure lies in its capacity to retain catalytic activity under thermal and mechanical stress, which is a pivotal consideration when synthesizing any catalyst. This framework is particularly useful for gold nanoparticles in protecting them from sintering so that they retain their size, structure, and most importantly their catalytic efficiency. The different methods of synthesizing such a structure have been compiled into three categories： seed-mediated growth, post selective oxidation treatment, and one-pot chemical synthesis. The selective oxidation of carbon monoxide and reduction of nitrogen containing com- pounds, such as nitrophenol and nitrostyrene, have been studied over the past few years to evaluate the functionality and stability of the core-shell catalysts. Different factors that could influence the catalyst＇s performance are the size, structure, choice of metal oxide shell and noble metal core and thereby the interfacial synergy and lattice mismatch between the core and shell. In addition, the morphology of the shell also plays a critical role, including its porosity, density, and thickness. This review covers the synthesis and characterization of gold-metal oxide core-shell structures, as well as how they are utilized as catalysts for carbon monoxide （CO） oxidation and selective reduction of nitrogen-containing compounds.

关键词： shell structures oxide core core shell-core structure oxides oxidation treatment nitrophenols synthesis Noble metals Catalysts Heterogeneous catalysis Mechanical stress carbon monoxide metal oxides shelling

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Multicriteria Optimization of Sandwich Cylindrical Panels under Axial Compression and External Pressure

Multicriteria Optimization of Sandwich Cylindrical Panels un...

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The Fourth World Congress of Structural and Multidisciplinary Optimization

作者： Marian OSTWALD Renata KASPERSKA Poznan University of Technology Institute of Applied Mechanics ul.Piotrowo 3 60-965 PoznanPoland Pedagogical University of Zielona Gora ul.Wojska Polskiego 69 65-625 Zielona GoraPoland

＜正＞The aim of this paper is to present the bicriteria optimization model of the sandwich cylindrical panel under axial compression and external pressure. The objective functions are weight and panel deformability. The deformability is defined as the converse of the panel bending rigidity and it represents some qualitative measure of the panel deflections. The design variables are the thicknesses of the layers. The constraints include a stability condition, stress conditions, the validation of theoretical models, and finally, technological and constructional requirements. The problem was solved with the help of the Pareto concept of optimality, with continuous and discrete sets of the design variables. Results of numerical calculations for panels made of aluminum alloy and steel are presented in the form of tables and diagrams. A comparison of the optimal parameters for the unilayer and the sandwich panels is pr esented.

关键词： multicriteria optimization sandwich structures shell structures

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THE ELASTO-PLASTIC ANALYSIS OF REINFORCED CONCRETE shellS BY RIGID ELEMENT METHOD

THE ELASTO-PLASTIC ANALYSIS OF REINFORCED CONCRETE SHELLS BY...

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Asia-Pacific Conference on shell and Spatial structures

作者： KANG-GEUN PARK KI-RYONG NAM TAEK-JIN KWUN Research ＆ Development Center Halla Engineering ＆ Construction Corp.SeoulKorea Research ＆ Development Center Halla Engineering ＆ Construction Corp.SeoulKorea Department of Architectural Engineering Sung Kyun Kwan UniversitySuwonKorea

＜正＞The Rigid Element Method（REM）has been suggested in order to overcome analytical difficulties such as slip movement,discontinuity of solids and connection *** this study,it is proposed how the rigid element method can be applied to the elasto-plastic analysis of reinforced concrete shell *** procedures of elasto-plastic analysis and numerical results such as the initiation,growth,pattern of cracks are *** the elasto-plastic analysis of rigid element method,each discrete element is assumed to be interconnected with the elasto-plastic spring system and shell structures are composed an assembly of rigid shell *** forces are produced by the spring system which is distributed the contact surface of two adjacent *** analytical method is applied to the elasto-plastic of an open hemisphere with cylinder and a circular cylindrical shell.

关键词： ELASTOPLASTIC ANALYSIS Elastoplasticity Rigid Plastic analysis contact surface cylindrical shells Reinforced concretes shell element shell structures

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