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Temporalities and the conservation of cultural relic protection units:legislative,economic and citizen times of the Bugaoli community in globalising shanghai

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Built Heritage 2020年第2期4卷 56-71页

作者： Kaiyi Zhu Carola M.Hein Faculty of Architecture and the Built Environment Delft University of TechnologyJulianalaan 1342628 BL DelftNetherlands

Since the establishment of treaty ports in the mid-19th century,the urban development of many Chinese cities,and notably of shanghai,has been heavily influenced by global economic flows and global urban and architectural *** shanghai,extensive lilong neighbourhoods stand as remnants of the treaty port *** of these historic districts are in close proximity to rapidly transforming areas of the city,creating civic tension around demolition,conservation and the redevelopment of colonial *** the listed Bugaoli community in shanghai’s old French Concession,the heritage strategies applied under the particular Cultural Relics Protection System(CRPS),and the discourse of local residents interviewed in the context of this project,this paper reveals the paradoxes around urban heritage conservation and urban development by considering three different temporalities:legislative time,economic time and citizen *** paper argues that actors involved in heritage practices should consider both space and time related issues in urban heritage *** communities such as Bugaoli experience conflicts between conservation and the demands of everyday *** underline and require a heritage strategy that acknowledges diverse temporalities and balances legal norms,economic interests and the public’s demands.

关键词： Cultural Relics Protection System(CRPS) Bugaoli(CitéBourgogne) Legislative time Economic time Citizen time Temporalities shanghai Urban heritage conservation

A Lone Islet or A Center of Communications？ shanghai in the Indian National Army Movement

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Frontiers of History in China 2017年第1期12卷 112-137页

作者： Yin Cao History Department Sun Yat-sen University Guangzhou 510275 China

Students of modem Chinese history, and modern shanghai history in particular, tend to view shanghai as having been a lone islet during the Pacific War when it was cut off from other parts of the world. This article, however, argues that shanghai was still well connected to areas under the control of the Japanese throughout the war. Using the Sikh community in shanghai as a case, it demonstrates how the Indian National Army used both a Japanese-initiated military highway and the long-existing Indian diasporic network in Southeast and East Asia to facilitate a certain kind of mobilization. It further sheds light on how the Sikhs in shanghai were influenced by and responded to the Indian National Army＇s endeavors.

关键词： shanghai Indian National Army Sikh diaspora mobilization

Slums, Squats, or Hutments？ Constructing and Deconstructing an In-Between Space in Modern shanghai （1926-65）

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Frontiers of History in China 2012年第4期7卷 499-528页

作者： Christian Henriot Institut d'Asie Orientale University of Lyon 69365 Lyon Cedex 07 France

Hutments--a term used to designate ＂beggars＇ villages,＂＂straw- house villages＂ or more bluntly ＂slums＂--became a standard feature of shanghai＇s urban landscape in the early 1920s. Located in peripheral areas, they became a central object of concern by the authorities that governed the foreign settlements in the city. Over time, due to economic crisis and above all war, ＂hutments＂ slowly colonized the whole urban space and became a massive housing issue and a problematic historical legacy after 1949. This paper argues that hutments arose mostly from the turmoil of the Civil War period. Their nature changed little from the time of their appearance in the 1920s to the early 1950s. Yet, perceptions and policies over three major periods under study here varied significantly. They were strongly influenced by the discursive constructions and distorting lenses the local administrations formulated around issues of nuisance, public health, and city beautification. Each era carried over the concerns and prejudices of the previous period. Yet, new cultural and political postures treatment of hutment dwellers. each municipal institution also brought in that changed the overall discourse and

关键词： shanghai hutment slum space urban housing

Influences of Urban Temperature on the Electricity Consumption of shanghai

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Advances in Climate Change Research 2014年第2期5卷 74-80页

作者： HOU Yi-Ling MU Hai-Zhen DONG Guang-Tao SHI Jun Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology shanghai Climate Centre Shanghai Meteorological Bureau

By using data of daily electricity consumption and temperature for the period 2003–2007 in shanghai, the variation of energy consumption and the correlations between energy consumption and temperature are analyzed. The results indicate that winter and summer are the two peak seasons of energy consumption due to the urban residential heating and cooling demand. The base temperature of electricity and daily temperature is 10℃ in winter and 22℃ in summer respectively. When the outdoor temperature is below 10℃, the heating demand becomes obvious, and with over 22℃ the cooling demand. The spatial distribution of cooling degree-days(CDD) and heating degree-days(HDD) clearly shows urbanization effects. By the influence of urbanization the central city experiences greater CDD in summer and lower HDD in winter. The projected temperature for 2011–2050 implies a significant increase in CDD and a decrease in HDD. This may have implications on the future energy demand if the current energy consumption pattern does not change.

关键词： electricity consumption temperature heating and cooling period shanghai

Why did China Benefit from a Joint Venture Policy? A Case Study of shanghai

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China & World Economy 2007年第2期15卷 89-103页

作者： Bernard Bishop Griffith Business School Griffith University Australia

Mandatory joint venture requirements have played an important role in many developing countries ＇foreign investment policies. However, such policies have been criticized in some of the economic literatures on the grounds that they deter investment and lead to the development of inefficient industries. A significant amount of foreign direct investment in shanghai has been in the form of joint ventures. Yet, by many measures, shanghai has benefited enormously. This article argues that there are three reasons to explain shanghai＇s successful use of the joint venture for its industrial development. First, local firms and industries have had the capability and willingness to learn from joint ventures and other foreign invested firms. Second, the joint venture policy has been more likely than not to have ＂crowded in ＂ local investment rather than crowd it out. Third, investment authorities in shanghai have had sufficient bureaucratic capacity and political insulation to prevent the joint venture policy from being manipulated by rent seekers.

关键词： economic development foreign direct investment policy joint venture shanghai

＂Bankers Are Stingy？＂ Re-Examining Stock Exchanges and Public Debt in Prewar shanghai （1920s-1930s）

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Frontiers of History in China 2013年第4期8卷 603-620页

作者： Niv Horesh School of Humanities and Communication Arts University of Western Sydney Penrith NSW2751 Australia

This review article surveys new studies of China＇s economy in the early twentieth century that have been published in both China and the West. It analyses the nuances that we find in these recently published studies and how those might improve our conventional understanding of the era, with particular emphasis on the link between fiscal revenue and stock-exchanges. First, a detailed introduction treats the evolution, beginning in the nineteenth century, of shanghai＇s segmented stock exchanges in the context of wider global currents. Section two reprises the still common notion that heavy domestic borrowing by the Nationalist （Kuornintang, or GMD） government in the 1920s-1930s forestalled industrialization. Section three discusses at length the degree to which Chinese banks in that period may be seen as merely a GMD conduit of borrowing. Chinese banks were probably more conducive to shanghai＇s industrialization than is usually acknowledged, and they also played a key role in stabilizing China＇s monetary environment well beyond their perceived focus on managing public debt. But more evidence needs to come to light, and this article sets out the areas in which future research might advance our knowledge. The conclusion will underscore how the various findings of scholars might, as a whole, remould current conceptions.

关键词： shanghai Kuomintang (GMD) stock exchanges public debt

Transplantation to Localisation:The Importation of Western Structural Technologies in Modern shanghai Architecture Based on a Study of the Bund Buildings,1843–1943

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Built Heritage 2019年第1期3卷 3-13页

作者： Peng Zhang Yijiao Yang College of Architecture and Urban Planning Tongji UniversityShanghaiChina

shanghai’s modern architectural heritage in the 19^(th) and early 20^(th) centuries is an essential aspect of modern Chinese architectural history because of its outstanding characteristics and well-preserved *** shanghai architecture was transformed by the importation of Western structural technologies and materials in addition to their forms and *** 100 years of development since 1843,there were over 100 important buildings in the Bund area by *** buildings were built in different periods using the best available structural *** study focuses on the technological dimension of modern shanghai *** on an architectural survey and a literature investigation of the Bund buildings,this study explores the evolution of modern structural technologies in shanghai by analysing the Bund buildings’key structural *** influences of the localisation and implementation of Western architecture’s building technologies in shanghai were also analysed,including time of importation,characteristics and integration of local craftsmanship and *** study focuses on the method and analyses of architectural technology history from not only technological and historical perspectives,but also a social sciences perspective.

关键词： Western structural technologies transplantation localisation shanghai Bund Buildings

Impact of Gender,Family Factors and Exploratory Activities on Students’Career and Educational Search Competencies in shanghai and Hong Kong

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ECNU Review of Education 2018年第3期1卷 96-115页

作者： Esther Sui-Chu Ho Kwok Wing Sum Raymond Sin Kwok Wong The Chinese University of Hong Kong University of California Santa Barbara

Purpose-This study examines the career and educational search competencies(CESC),a capability which may be necessary for a successful transition from high school to work or postsecondary education,of students from shanghai and Hong ***/Approach/Methods-The data for this study was taken from the Main Study of PISA 2012 in shanghai and Hong *** analysis was used to examine the relative impact of different forms of career and educational exploratory activities on students’***-Results showed a consistent pattern of socio-economic inequality in student’s self-reported CESC in the two Chinese cities,which was largely mediated by the family capital or ***,career and educational exploratory activities initiated by schools,enterprises or the students themselves were found to have significant positive associations with CESC regardless of socioeconomic ***/Value-The paper provides empirical evidence for enhancing students’career search capacity through engaging in career exploration in the face of structural *** light of this,the roles of schools,business sectors,and governments in students’capacity building are discussed.

关键词： Educational and career search educational inequality family capital PISA shanghai Hong Kong

Wedding Culture in 1930s shanghai： Consumerism, Ritual, and the Municipality

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Frontiers of History in China 2012年第1期7卷 61-89页

作者： Charlotte Cowden Independent Scholar BerkeleyCA 94709USA

By the 1930s, a variety of forces were chipping away at the traditional Chinese wedding in urban centers like shanghai. ＂New-style＂ weddings--with a bride in a white wedding dress--took place outside of the home and featured networks of friends, choice of one＇s spouse, autonomy from one＇s parents, and the promise of happiness and independence. With the publication of wedding portraits and detailed discussions of new-style wedding etiquette and its trappings, women＇s magazines further shaped the new-style bride as a consumer and an individual. Early reformers had envisioned the new-style ceremony as a streamlined and affordable alternative to traditional ceremonies, but for most city residents these weddings remained out of reach. After the Nationalist consolidation of power in 1928, shanghai was deemed a crucial site for the promotion of ritual reform and economic restraint. Weddings were at the crux of this movement, which was buttressed by the Civil Code of 1931 allowing children to legally marry without parental consent. New Life Movement group weddings came next. These ceremonies co-opted urban wedding culture in an attempt to frame the new-style wedding as a ritual of politicized citizenship under the Nationalist government. The tension between the popular, commercial, new-style wedding and the Nationalists＇ Spartan political vision, as played out in the market, is examined below.

关键词： shanghai wedding ceremonies ritual modem Republican Era,Nationalists