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Fabrication of a Hydrophobic Hierarchical Surface on shale Using Modified Nano-SiO_(2)for Strengthening the Wellbore Wall in Drilling Engineering

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Engineering 2022年第4期8卷 101-110页

作者： Xianbin Huang Jinsheng Sun He Li Ren Wang Kaihe Lv Haichao Li Key Laboratory of Unconventional Oil and Gas Development(China University of Petroleum(East China)) Ministry of EducationQingdao 266580China School of Petroleum Engineering China University of Petroleum(East China)Qingdao 266580China CNPC Engineering Technology R&D Co. Ltd.Beijing 102206China

Wellbore stability is essential for safe and efficient drilling during oil and gas exploration and development.This paper introduces a hydrophobic nano-silica(HNS)for use in strengthening the wellbore wall when using a water-based drilling fluid(WBF).The wellbore-strengthening performance was studied using the linear swelling test,hot-rolling recovery test,and compressive strength test.The mechanism of strengthening the wellbore wall was studied by means of experiments on the zeta potential,particle size,contact angle,and surface tension,and with the use of a scanning electron microscope(SEM).The surface free energy changes of the shale before and after HNS treatment were also calculated using the contact angle method.The experimental results showed that HNS exhibited a good performance in inhibiting shale swelling and dispersion.Compared with the use of water,the use of HNS resulted in a 20%smaller linear swelling height of the bentonite pellets and an 11.53 times higher recovery of water-sensitive shale—a performance that exceeds those of the commonly used shale inhibitors KCl and polyamines.More importantly,the addition of HNS was effective in preventing a decrease in shale strength.According to the mechanism study,the good wellbore-strengthening performance of HNS can be attributed to three aspects.First,the positively charged HNS balances parts of the negative charges of clay by means of electrostatic adsorption,thus inhibiting osmotic hydration.Second,HNS fabricates a lotus-leaf-like surface with a micro-nano hierarchical structure on shale after adsorption,which significantly increases the water contact angle of the shale surface and considerably reduces the surface free energy,thereby inhibiting surface hydration.Third,the decrease in capillary action and the effective plugging of the shale pores reduce the invasion of water and promote wellbore stability.The approach described herein may provide an avenue for inhibiting both the surface hydration and the osmotic hydration of shale.

关键词： Hydrophobic Nanoparticle shale inhibitor Drilling fluid Wellbore stability

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Hydrophobic Small-Molecule Polymers as High-Temperature-Resistant inhibitors in Water-Based Drilling Fluids

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Fluid Dynamics & Materials Processing 2023年第7期19卷 1775-1787页

作者： Xuyang Yao Kecheng Liu Zenan Zhou Jun Zhou Xianbin Huang Tiemei Lu Yongsheng Yu He Li Engineering Technology Research Institute of Xinjiang Oilfield Company PetroChinaKaramay834000China School of Petroleum Engineering China University of Petroleum(East China)Qingdao266580China

Water-based drilling fluids can cause hydration of the wellbore rocks,thereby leading to instability.This study aimed to synthesize a hydrophobic small-molecule polymer(HLMP)as an inhibitor to suppress mud shale hydration.An infrared spectral method and a thermogravimetric technique were used to characterize the chemical composition of the HLMP and evaluate its heat stability.Experiments were conducted to measure the linear swelling,rolling recovery rate,and bentonite inhibition rate and evaluate accordingly the inhibition performance of the HLMP.Moreover,the HLMP was characterized through measurements of the zeta potential,particle size distribution,contact angles,and interlayer space testing.As confirmed by the results,the HLMP could successfully be synthesized with a favorable heat stability.Furthermore,favorable results were found for the inhibitory processes of the HLMP on swelling and dispersed hydration during mud shale hydration.The positively charged HLMP could be electrically neutralized with clay particles,thereby inhibiting diffusion in the double electron clay layers.The hydrophobic group in the HLMP molecular structure resulted in the formation of a hydrophobic membrane on the rock surface,enhancing the hydrophobicity of the rock.In addition,the small molecules of the HLMP could plug the spaces between the layers of bentonite crystals,thereby reducing the entry of water molecules and inhibiting shale hydration.

关键词： Water-based drilling fluids hydrophobic polymers shale inhibitor temperature resistance

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Experimental evaluation of thiamine as a new clay swelling inhibitor

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Petroleum Science 2020年第6期17卷 1616-1633页

作者： Saeed Parvizi Ghaleh Elnaz Khodapanah Seyyed Alireza Tabatabaei-Nezhad Faculty of Petroleum and Natural Gas Engineering Sahand Oil and Gas Research InstituteSahand University of TechnologySahand New TownTabriz ***Iran

This study aims at evaluating the performance of thiamine as a new eco-friendly shale inhibitor in water-based drilling fluids(WBDFs).The evaluation experiments include sedimentation,bentonite inhibition,filtration,zeta potential,thermal gravimetric analysis,scanning electron microscopy,X-ray diffraction,shale cuttings recovery,linear swelling and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FTIR).The performance of thiamine was compared to potassium chloride.In contrast to deionized water,the aqueous solution of thiamine exhibited greater power to inhibit montmorillonite(Mt)dispersion,much more Mt loading capacity(280 g/L)and fluid loss,lower Mt mass loss,larger aggregated Mt particles,lower interlayer space of the Mt particles,less shale cuttings disintegration and lower linear swelling.Adsorption of thiamine on Mt led to a significant shift in the value of zeta potential(from-17.1 to+8.54 mV).Thiamine demonstrated superior inhibitive performance than potassium chloride.FTIR analysis confirmed that thiamine is adsorbed on Mt particles.The compatibility test revealed the compatibility of thiamine with conventional WBDF additives.It was concluded that the main probable inhibition mechanisms of thiamine are the cation exchange and Mt surface coating.In view of its prominent inhibition capacity and great environmental acceptability,thiamine is a promising inhibitor for drilling in water-sensitive formations.

关键词： shale inhibitor Thiamine Sodium bentonite Swelling Hydration Montmorillonite

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RESEARCH ON CATIONIC POLYMER WATER BASE DRILLING FLUIDS

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Journal of Wuhan University of Technology(Materials Science) 1997年第Z1期12卷 94-102页

作者：刘雨晴 Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Development

Cationic polymer drilling fluid (CPDF) is a new water base drilling fluid in which high molecular weight (HMW) cationic polymer (CPAM) is an encapsulating and flocculating agent and organic quaternary ammonium compound (NW-1) acts as shale inhibitor. This paper describes the experimental results of cuttings recovery, particle size distribution layer spacing and Zeta potential, and discusses the inhibition of CPDF system and its major additives. The advantages of CPDF will be proved by its application in well LX-2.

关键词： cationic polymer drilling fluid high molecule encapsulating agent flocculating agent shale inhibitor application

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