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Quantifying water quality and flow in multi-branched urban estuaries for a rainfall event with mass balance method

Water Science and Engineering 2020年第4期13卷 317-328页

作者： Joan Cecilia Casila Gubash Azhikodan Katsuhide Yokoyama College of Engineering and Agro-Industrial Technology University of the Philippines Los BanosLos Banos 4031Philippines Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Tokyo Metropolitan UniversityTokyo 192-0397Japan

In this study,field observations were conducted after a heavy rainfall event in the Sumida and shakujii rivers in Tokyo,Japan.The flow dynamics and fluxes of salt,suspended sediment(SS),and dissolved oxygen(DO)were investigated with the mass balance method.The fractions of fresh water and saltwater in seaward and landward flows were separated.The maximum salt flux in the shakujii river was 53.8 kg/s during the flood tide,and those in the Sumida river were 680.3 kg/s at the upstream station and 703.7 kg/s at the downstream station.The trends of SS and DO fluxes were similar in both rivers.In the shakujii river,the highest SS(3.1 kg/s)and DO(0.4 kg/s)fluxes appeared during the flood tide after rainfall.In the Sumida river,the maximum SS fluxes(6.1 and 6.3 kg/s at the upstream and downstream stations,respectively)and DO fluxes(1.15 and 1.21 kg/s at the upstream and downstream stations,respectively)appeared during the ebb tide.The mass balance method was used to estimate discharge,salinity,SS concentration,and DO concentration at a station with missing data.The results show that the estimated salinity and SS concentration had a significant correlation with the on-site observations,with correlation coefficients(R)of 0.950 and 0.835,respectively,but not for DO concentration(R?0.638).The disparity between the computed and measured data may be explained by the differences in velocity,salinity,topography,sedimentation,and the presence of organic matter.The analysis based on the advective salt transport components found a lower salt flux per unit width in the shakujii river(0.36 kg/(m·s))in comparison with that in the Sumida river(2.88 kg/(m·s)).This indicates a higher probability for salt retention in the shakujii river.©2020 Hohai University.Production and hosting by Elsevier B.V.This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license(http://***/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).

关键词： Mass balance Water quality Flow Salt transport Sumida river shakujii river Estuary

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