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A new technology for treating waste incineration fly ash by shaft furnace

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research International 2021年第7期28卷 773-784页

作者： Cui Wang Long-zhi Chen Zheng-jian Liu Yang Li Yao-zu Wang Ke-xin Jiao State Key Laboratory of Advanced Metallurgy University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China School of Metallurgical and Ecological Engineering University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China

At present,lots of municipal solid wastes(MSWs)are treated by incineration technology,which produces a large amount of fly ash that needs to be treated innocuously.A new method of using metallurgical shaft furnace to treat the MSW fly ash was thus proposed,and some research was done for this ***,the basic physical properties of MSW fly ash were analyzed,and then,the briquetting experiment and melting treatment of MSW fly ash were *** the process of briquet-ting,the influence of different factors(water content,cement content,forming pressure and curing time)on the compressive strength of the briquettes was *** results showed that with the increase in water content,cement content,forming pressure and curing time,the compressive strength of the briquettes increased ***,the compressive strength of the briquettes showed a downward trend when these values exceeded a specific *** the melting experiment,it was found that some heavy metals(such as Cr,Be and Ba)could be solidified in the slag when the fly ash was treated at 1450℃ for 50 min,and the leaching toxicity of heavy metals was lower than the landfill standard of waste in *** the same time,the decomposition rate of dioxins in fly ash reached 99.66%after melting treatment.

关键词： Fly ash shaft furnace Compressive strength Melting treatment Heavy metal Dioxin

Reduction of Carbon-bearing Pellets of Oolitic Hematite in a shaft furnace

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research International 2016年第3期23卷 210-219页

作者： Wei WU Jian-jun GAO Jia-qing ZENG Yuan-hong QI Jian-chang WANG Xi-dong ZHANG Metallurgical Technology Research Department Central Iron and Steel Research Institute State Key Laboratory for Advanced Iron and Steel Processes and Products Central Iron and Steel Research Institute WU Xi Zhao Shun Stainless Steel Middle Plate Co. Ltd.

When carbon-bearing pellets of oolitic hematite are treated in a shaft furnace,some problems are typically encountered：the metallization ratio of the metal pellets is low;the carbon-bearing pellets bond with each other at high temperatures;and the separation of phosphorus from iron is *** solve these problems,experiments were conducted on oolitic hematite reduction in a resistance furnace and semi-industrial test shaft *** results showed that the metallization rate reached 90% or greater under the conditions of a reduction temperature of 1 150℃,an atmosphere of simulated flue gas,and a reduction time between 1.5and *** problem of high-temperature bonding among pellets can be solved by increasing the strength of the pellets,coating their surface with a surface transfer agent and maintaining an even temperature inside the shaft *** basicity of the ore blend exerted no obvious effect on the magnetic concentrate and phosphorus *** phosphorus content in the magnetic concentrate can be further reduced by improving the grinding capacity of the ball mills used in the *** the basis of the experimental results related to oolitic hematite reduction with carbon-bearing pellets in a shaft furnace,the experimental requirements were satisfied with an average 88.27%total Fe content and 0.581% P content in the pellets.

关键词： oolitic hematite carbon-bearing pellet metallization rate high temperature bonding resistance furnace shaft furnace phosphorus separation

Gas Flow Distribution in Pelletizing shaft furnace

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research International 2006年第6期13卷 16-20页

作者： CAI Jiu-ju DONG Hui WANG Guo-sheng YANG Jun SEPA Key Laboratory on Eco-Industry Northeastern University Shenyang 110004 Liaoning China Department ofChemical Engineering shenyang Institute of Chemical Technology Shenyang 110141 Liaoning China

Through thermal test, cold state experiment, analysis and simulation of thermal process, the gas flow distribution in pelletizing shaft furnace （PSF） was discussed. The results show that there are five flowing trends among them, the downward roasting gas and the upward cooling gas are the most unsteady, which influence flow distribution greatly. Among the operating parameters, the ratio of inflow is a key factor affecting the flow distribution. The roasting and cooling gases will entirely flow into the roasting zone and internal vertical air channels （IVAC）, respectively, if the ratio of inflow is critical. From such a critical operating condition increasing roasting gas flow or decreasing cooling gas flow, the roasting gas starts flowing downwards so as to enter the inside of IVAC the greater the ratio of inflow, the larger the downward flowrate. Among constructional parameters, the width of roasting zone b1, width of IVAC b2 and width of cooling zone b3, and the height of roasting zone h1, height of soaking zone h2 and height of cooling zone hs are the main factors affecting flow distribution. In case the ratio of b2/b3, or h3/h2, or h1/h2 is increased, the upward cooling gas tends to decrease while the downward roasting gas tends to increase with a gradual decrease in the ratio of inflow.

关键词： pellet shaft furnace fixed bed packed bed gas flow

Analysis of Gas Thermodynamic Utilization and Reaction Kinetic Mechanism in shaft furnace

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research International 2014年第1期21卷 16-23页

作者： Zhao-cai WANG Zheng-gen LIU Jue TANG Man-sheng CHU Xiang-xin XUE School of Materials and Metallurgy Northeastern University

The technology of coal gasification in shaft furnace is an effective way to develop direct reduction iron in China. In order to clarify the process of the reduction of oxidized pellets in shaft furnace by carbon monoxide or hydrogen in two ways, i.e. thermodynamics and kinetics, the gas utilization and reaction mechanism were studied by theoretical computations and isothermal thermogravimetric experiment. The results showed that the gas utilization increased with the rise of temperature when xH2/xco≥1 and with the increase of xco/（xH2 ＋xco） when temperature is less than 1073 K. The water-gas shift reaction restrains efficient utilization of gas, particularly in high tem- perature and hydrogen-rich gas. The gas utilization dropped with increase of carburization quantity of direct reduction iron （DRI） and oxygen potential of atmosphere. With the increase of both temperature and content of H2 in inlet gas, the reaction rate increased. At 100% Hz atmosphere, the interfacial chemical reaction is the dominant reaction re- stricted step. For the H2-CO mixture atmosphere, the reduction process is controlled by both interfacial chemical reaction and internal diffusion

关键词： gas utilization oxidized pellet shaft furnace direct reduction kinetics

Numerical Simulation of Thermal and Iron Ore Reduction Conditions in Pre-reduction shaft furnace Based on Reducing Gas Composition and Temperature

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Journal of Shanghai Jiaotong university(Science) 2011年第3期16卷 375-379页

作者：徐健吴胜利郭新颖寇明银 School of Metallurgical and Ecological Engineering University of Science and Technology Beijing

Based on the principles of mass,momentum and heat transfers between the reducing gas and the iron ore solid,a two-dimensional mathematical model for above two phases is established to study the influences of reducing gas composition on thermal and reduction conditions in pre-reduction shaft furnace with the temperature ranging from 1 023 to 1 223 *** to the strong endothermic effect of iron ore reduction participated by hydrogen （H2）,increasing the ratio of carbon monoxide（CO）to H2 enlarges high temperature zone under present calculation conditions,thus improves reduction efficiency inside the *** addition,replacing of the reducing gas with an appropriate proportion of nitrogen（N2）featuring the same temperature has a potential to reduce fuel consumption by as much as 6.5%while the products of similar quality are yielded.

关键词： mathematical model reducing gas composition thermal state metallization shaft furnace

Intelligent Optimizing Setting Control Method for shaft furnace Roasting Process

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Intelligent Optimizing Setting Control Method for Shaft Furn...

Development and progress on hydrogen metallurgy

2010 Chinese Control and Decision Conference

作者： Ai-jun Yan,Zhe Xu,Pu Wang College of Electronic Information & Control Engineering,Beijing University of Technology,Beijing,100124,China

＜正＞Due to its synthetic and complex characters,such as multivariable,strong coupling,nonlinearity,the shaft furnace roasting process is very difficult to control in optimizing *** deal with this problem,a hybrid intelligent optimizing setting control approach is *** set points in control loops are produced by the methodology of case-based reasoning（CBR）,followed by real-time appraisal and correction for the purpose of the optimizing on integrated production *** proposed method realized the optimizing control for integrated production indices. The successful application on shaft furnaces from a mineral processing plant in China indicates effectiveness of the proposed method.

关键词： Optimizing Setting shaft furnace Intelligent Control

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2020年第6期27卷 713-723页

作者： Jue Tang Man-sheng Chu Feng Li Cong Feng Zheng-gen Liu Yu-sheng Zhou School of Ferrous Metallurgy Northeastern UniversityShenyang 110819China State Key Laboratory of Rolling and Automation Northeastern UniversityShenyang 110819China

Hydrogen metallurgy is a technology that applies hydrogen instead of carbon as a reduction agent to reduce CO2 emission,and the use of hydrogen is beneficial to promoting the sustainable development of the steel *** metallurgy has numerous applications,such as H2reduction ironmaking in Japan,ULCORED and hydrogen-based steelmaking in Europe;hydrogen flash ironmaking technology in the US;HYBRIT in the Nordics;Midrex H2TM by Midrex Technologies,Inc.(United States);H2FUTURE by Voestalpine(Austria);and SALCOS by Salzgitter AG(Germany).Hydrogen-rich blast furnaces(BFs)with COG injection are common in *** BFs have been industrially tested by AnSteel,XuSteel,and *** a currently under construction pilot plant of a coal gasification–gas-based shaft furnace with an annual output of 10000 t direct reduction iron(DRI),a reducing gas composed of 57 vol%H2 and 38 vol%CO is prepared via the Ende *** life cycle of the coal gasification–gas-based shaft furnace–electric furnace short process(30 wt%DRI+70 wt%scrap)is assessed with 1 t of molten steel as a functional *** plant has a total energy consumption per ton of steel of 263.67 kg standard coal and a CO2 emission per ton of steel of 829.89 kg,which are superior to those of a traditional BF converter *** domestic materials and fuels,hydrogen production and storage,and hydrogen reduction characteristics,we believe that a hydrogen-rich shaft furnace will be suitable in *** production and storage with an economic and large-scale industrialization will promote the further development of a full hydrogen shaft furnace.

关键词： hydrogen hydrogen metallurgy blast furnace shaft furnace low carbon

Effects of Temperature and Atmosphere on Pellets Reduction Swelling Index

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research International 2012年第10期19卷 7-12,19页

作者： WANG Zhao-cai, CHU Man-sheng, LIU Zheng-gen, CHEN Shuang-yin, XUE Xiang-xin (School of Materials and Metallurgy, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, Liaoning, China) School of Materials and Metallurgy Northeastern University Shenyang 110819 Liaoning China

After taking into account the conditions of the domestic iron resources and the non-coking coal resources, the process of coal gasification-shaft furnace is an effective way to develop direct reduction iron in China. The following tasks are very critical to choose suitable process of shaft furnace and gasification, including the production of oxidized pellets with excellent comprehensive properties as well as the study of the reaction behavior and mechanism of swelling. The results showed that the oxidized pellets of using domestic magnetic iron concentrate as raw materials have favorable comprehensive properties, including higher mechanical strength both before and after reduction, faster reduction rate and lower reduction swelling index (RSI). All of these properties can meet the shaft furnace yielding requirement. When the temperature was below 1 223 K, the pellets′ RSI was lower than 20%. With increasing of the content of H2 in atmosphere, the pellets reaction rate accelerated, crushing strength enhanced and RSI decreased. The RSI dropped to 10.26% at 1 323 K in 100% H2 atmosphere, and it is up to 39.88% in 100% CO atmosphere. The iron grains mainly presented in platelike when pellets were reduced by H2, however, in CO atmosphere the iron grains were precipitated in flocculent. The whisker shape of iron grains and heating effects of reduction reaction are the major factors leading to the poor pellets strength and increase of RSI. Appropriately controlling the temperature and increasing the ratio of H2 to CO in atmosphere are good for dropping the RSI.

关键词： oxidized pellet shaft furnace direct reduction reduction swelling

Kinetics of Oxidation Reaction for Magnetite Pellets

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research International 2013年第9期20卷 16-20页

作者： LIANG Ru-quan YANG Shuo YAN Fu-sheng HE Ji-cheng Key Laboratory of National Education Ministry for Electromagnetic Process of Materials Northeastern University Research Institute Northeastern University

An experiment for the oxidation process of single magnetite pellet and theoretical analysis based on modi lied unreacted core shrinking （MUCS） model were carried out, and the controlling mechanisms of the initial and de veloping reactions were examined, respectively. From the study of the initial reaction, it was found that the chemical reaction of surface is the controlling step of the overall reaction when the temperature is up to about 750 K, while the mass transfer through the gaseous boundary layer dominates the reaction rate when the temperature is above 750 K. As the reaction developing within the pellet, the mass transfer through the produced layer becomes the controlling step. In addition, the effects of reaction conditions （such as oxygen concentration, temperature） on the fractional oxidation of magnetite pellet were determined.

关键词： magnetite pellet shaft furnace kinetics oxidation reaction controlling step