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sexual compatibility of transgenic soybean and different wild soybean populations

Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2022年第1期21卷 36-48页

作者： HU Yu-qi SHENG Ze-wen LIU Jin-yue LIU Qi QIANG Sheng SONG Xiao-ling LIU Biao Weed Research Laboratory College of Life SciencesNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing 210095P.R.China Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences Ministry of Ecology and EnvironmentNanjing 210042P.R.China

The introduction of genetically modified(GM) soybean into farming systems raises great concern that transgenes from GM soybean may flow to endemic wild soybean via pollen. This may increase the weediness of transgenic soybean by increasing the fitness of hybrids under certain conditions and threaten the genetic diversity of wild soybean populations. Although pollen-mediated gene flow between GM crops and wild relatives is dependent on many factors, the sexual compatibility(SC)determined by their genetic backgrounds is the conclusive factor. The considerable genetic variation among wild soybean populations may cause compatibility differences between different wild and cultivated soybeans. Thus, an evaluation of the SC between transgenic soybean and different wild soybeans is essential for assessing the environmental consequences of cultivated soybean–wild soybean transgene flow. The podding and seed sets were assessed after artificial hybridization using transgenic glyphosate-resistant soybean as the paternal parent and 18 wild soybean populations as the maternal parents. Then, the average number of filled seeds produced in 200 flowers(AFS) was calculated for each wild soybean under natural self-pollination as well as under artificial crossing with transgenic soybean. Finally, the index of cross-SC was calculated(ICSC) as the ratio of the AFS of wild soybean artificially crossed with transgenic soybean and the AFS of naturally self-pollinated wild soybean. The results demonstrated that after self-pollination and crossing with transgenic soybean, the average podding rates of 18 wild soybean populations ranged within 96.50–99.50% and 4.92–18.03%, and the average filled seed numbers per pod varied from 1.70 to 2.69 and 0.20 to 0.48, respectively. The results showed that approximately 89% of wild soybeans displayed either medium or higher than medium SC with transgenic soybean(ICSC>1.0%). This implied the high possibility of gene flow via pollen from transgenic soybean t

关键词： transgenic soybean wild soybean sexual compatibility artificial hybridization gene flow

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Assessment on alien herbicide-resistant gene flow among crucifers by sexual compatibility

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Science Bulletin 2005年第15期 70-77页

作者： ZHAO Xiangxiang1, LU Weiping1, QI Cunkou2, PU Huiming2, XIA Qiuxia1, LU Dalei1, LIU Geshan2 & WANG Youping3 1. Jiangsu Provincial Key Lab of Crop Genetics and Physiology, Yang-zhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China 2. Institute of Industrial Crops, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sci-ences, Nanjing 210014, China 3. College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China

Cross-pollination and high cross-compatibility are frequently found in many cruciferous plants, which im-plies that there might be potential risk of alien gene flow among crucifers. In this work, the alien glyphosate-resistant gene flow between GM (Genetically modified) rapeseed vari-ety Q3 (Brassica napus) and 6 varieties from 5 cruciferous species was assessed by sexual compatibility through aniline blue fluorescence observation, manual cross, mentor pollina-tion with the mixture pollen and DNA identification. The results indicated that the compatibility indices of two B. napus varieties, B. juncea var. multiceps Tsen et Lee and Chinese cabbage (B. chinensis) (as female) with Q3 (as male) were 16.15, 12.77, 2.345 and 0.85, respectively. F1 plants were examined by PCR and all of these samples were confirmed as positive. Crossing between Orychophragmus violaceus, Des-curainia sophia (as female) and Q3 (as male) expressed high cross-incompatibility. Fluorescence microscope observation indicated that growing of pollen tube terminated at the upper 1/3 part of the style of O. violaceus and on the stigma surface of D. sophia. The mentor plants were further analyzed by PCR and all were shown to be negative. Under the neighboring growth and natural pollination conditions, the rates of gene flow to two B. napus varieties were 2.3278% and 2.1487%, respectively, B. juncea var. multiceps Tsen et Lee and Chinese cabbage were 1.0157% and 0.9236%, re-spectively. No gene flow was observed in O. violaceus and D. sophia. Frequency of gene flow was highly correlated with sexual compatibility. Due to possible alien gene flow among crucifers, special consideration and care should be taken to grow GM rapeseed.

关键词： herbicide-resistant GM rapeseed cruciferous plants aniline blue fluorescence mentor method sexual compatibility gene flow.

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Assessment of Gene Flow Through Detection of sexualcompatibility Between Transgenic Rice with barand Echinochloa crusgalli ***

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Agricultural Sciences in China 2002年第11期1卷 1185-1189页

作者： SONG Xiao-ling, QIANG Sheng, LIU Lin-li and XU Yan-hong(Weed Research Laboratory , Nanjing Agricultural University , Nanjing 210095 ,P. R. China) Weed Research Laboratory Nanjing Agricultural University Nanjing 210095 P.R.China

The possibility of gene flow between two varieties of transgenic rice with bar gene (Y0003 and 99-t) (male) and barnyard grass(Echinochloa crusgalli var. mitis ) (female) was studied by means of reproductive biology. The germination and growth of rice pollen grains on barnyard grass stigmas at 30 min, and 1-4 h after crossing by hand were observed with an optical microscope. The results were compared with the germination and growth of barnyard grass pollen grains at the corresponding time after self-pollination. The results showed that germination and growth of the pollen grains of the two varieties were similar on barnyard grass stigmas, but differed significantly from self-pollination of barnyard grass. Pollen grains germinated and pollen tubes penetrated stigmas normally, and the number of pollen grains being condensing or releasing their inclusions or having released them increased with the time after self-pollination. Pollen grains of transgenic rice on the stigmas of barnyard grass couldn't germinate or grow normally after crossing, neither could they penetrate the stigmas of barnyard grass. Therefore, it could be concluded that the sexual incompatibility between transgenic rice with bar gene and barnyard grass is due to the rice pollen being unable to penetrate the stigma of barnyard grass. Further proof of incompatibility lies in the fact that the emasculated barnyard grass pollinated with the rice pollen grains could not seed.

关键词： Gene flow Transgenic rice with bar gene Echinochloa crusgalli var. mitis sexual compatibility

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Gene flow from genetically modified herbicide-resistant rapeseed to cruciferous weeds

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Progress in Natural Science:Materials International 2006年第9期16卷 936-941页

作者： ZHAO Xiangxiang, XIA Qiuxia, LU Dalei, LU Weiping , QI Cunkou, PU Huiming, LIU Geshan, ZHAO Jian and WANG Youping ( Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China Institute of Industrial Crops, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China Jiangsu Entry-Exit Inspection and Quarantine Bureau of People's Republic of China, Nanjing 210001, China College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China) Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology Yangzhou University Yangzhou 225009 China Institute of Industrial Crops Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences Nanjing 210014 China Jiangsu Entry-Exit Inspection and Quarantine Bureau of People's Republic of China Nanjing 210001 China College of Bioscience and Biotechnology Yangzhou University Yangzhou 225009 China

The sexual compatibility between genetically modified (GM) glyphosate-resistam rapeseed variety Q3 (Brassica napus L. ) and 5 cruciferous weeds is studied through the observation of fluorescence microscopy and cross-fertility after manual pollination. The results indicated that Q3 (as male) was highly incompatible with Thlaspi arvense L., Capsella bursa-pastoris (L. ) Medic, Cardamine hirsuta L. and Rorippa palustris (L. ) Besser (as female). Fluorescence microscopic observation showed that growing of pollen tubes terminated on the stigma surface or at the upper 1/3 part of the style. However, B. juncea×Q3 was compatible, and the compatibility index was 1.65. Under the neighboring growth and natural pollination conditions, the rates of gene flow from Q3 to T. arvense, C. bursa-pastoris, C. hirsute and R. palustris were all 0, while it was 0.86 % for B. juncea. These results indicate that there is difference in the rate of gene flow between GM rapeseed and cruciferous wild weeds, and frequency of gene flow is highly correlated with sexual compatibility.

关键词： herbicide-resistant rapeseed craciferous weeds aniline blue fluorescence interspecific hybridization sexual compatibility gene flow.

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