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Evaluation of Frontal Sinus Index in Establishing sex dimorphism Using Three-Dimensional Cone Beam Computed Tomography in Northern Saudi Arabian Population

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Journal of Forensic Science and Medicine 2022年第1期8卷 1-5页

作者： Krishna A.Rao Radhika Doppalapudi Naif Tami Al-Shammari Santosh Patil Sudhakar Vundavalli Mohammad Khursheed Alam Department of Preventive Dentistry College of DentistryJouf UniversitySakakaKingdom of Saudi Arabia Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology College of DentistryJouf UniversitySakakaKingdom of Saudi Arabia

Purpose:Identification of sex of unknown people becomes important in situations of mass *** studies have shown that morphological characteristic of frontal sinus is distinctive to particular individual and hence,literature suggests that it can be used in establishing identification of a ***,few researches have concluded that,its use in detennining sexual dimorphism is ***:This study aimed to evaluate frontal sinus index using cone beam computed tomography(CBCT)and differentiate sex dimorphism based on the index *** and Methods:A retrospective cross-sectional study was undertaken using three-dimensional-CBCT *** simple random sampling method,150 scans were selected,out of which 74 were of male and 76 were of female within the age group of20-64 *** frontal sinus width and the height were measured,and the ratio was taken as frontal sinus *** index was correlated to the differentiation of *** were analyzed using SPSS,and sex dimorphism was assessed using discriminant function ***:The mean height of the frontal sinus in both males and females was 30.12±7.6 mm and 30.14±7.8 mm,*** mean width of frontal sinus in males(13.39±3.6 mm)was slightly more than that of females(12.06±3 mm).Conclusion:The parameter frontal sinus index measured using CBCT was found to be a contributing factor in sex determination in forensic identification within the sample population.

关键词： Discriminant function analysis forensic anthropology frontal sinus index sex dimorphism three-dimensional cone beam computed tomography

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sex dimorphism Profile of Alzheimer’s Disease-Type Pathologies in an APP/PS1/Tau mouse model

Sex Dimorphism Profile of Alzheimer’s Disease-Type Patholog...

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中国神经科学学会第十二届全国学术会议

作者： Jun-Ting Yang Hong-Yan Cai Meng-Ming Hu Zhao-Jun Wang Jun Zhang Mei-Na Wu Jin-Shun Qi Department of Physiology Shanxi Medical University Department of Microbiology and Immunology Shanxi Medical University

Alzheimer’s disease（AD） is the most common form of dementia among the elderly, characterized by amyloid plaques, neurofibrillary tangles and neuroinflammation in the brain. There is a clear sex difference in the prevalence of AD. However, the sex difference in AD-type pathologies is not straightforward. Applying 12-month-old female（n=6） and male（n=6） amyloid precursor protein/presenilin-1/tauprotein（APP/PS1/Tau） transgenic mice, we investigated the sex dimorphism in these major pathological indices and possible molecular mechanisms. Compared with male APP/PS1/Tau mice, females exhibited higher amyloid plaques, neurofibrillary tangles and neuroinflammation in the hippocampus. Meanwhile, the present study demonstrated that inhibition of PKA-CREB signaling pathway and activiation of p38-MAPK might be the important mechanismsin the progression of AD. Moreover, the lower levels of p-PKA and p-CREB and higher level of p-p38 were expressed in female mice, compared to male mice. The study suggested that sex should be taken into account in designing studies involving these pathological indices.

关键词： sex dimorphism Alzheimer’s disease amyloid plaques neurofibrillary tangles neuroinflammation

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sex differences in anogenital distances and digit ratios in wild David＇s rock squirrels Sciurotamias davidianus

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Current Zoology 2014年第2期60卷 180-185页

作者： Dapeng ZHAO Zhuoyue CHEN Baoguo LI Tianjin Key Laboratory of Animal and Plant Resistance College of Life Sciences Tianjin Normal University Tianjin 300387China College of Life Sciences Northwest University Xi'an 710069 China

The prenatal hormonal environment plays an important role in organizing sex differences in the morphology, physiology and behavior of humans as well as other vertebrates. Currently, all related research on rodents has been focused on Myomorpha. This study presents data on sex differences in the anogenital distance （AGD） and the ratio of the second to the fourth digit length （2D：4D） from 44 wild David＇s rock squirrels Sciurotamias davidianus captured from the Qinling Mountains, China. This was the first study of a species from Sciuromorpha. The AGD as well as body mass are sexually dimorphic. There are no sex differences or lateral asymmetry in 2D：4D. Significant correlation was not found between AGD and 2D：4D for any paw. The findings indicate that 2D：4D may not be fixed or influenced by the prenatal steroidal environment in David＇s rock squirrels [Current Zoology 60 （2）： 180-185, 2014].

关键词： Anogenital distance 2D:4D Seiurotamias davidianus sex dimorphism

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Karyotypic Analysis of the Clipper Barb Enteromius callipterus (Boulenger 1907) from Tahoss Stream, Jos Plateau, Nigeria

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Open Journal of Genetics 2022年第3期12卷 33-41页

作者： Michael Olaoluwa Popoola Precious Tejiri Whisky Oluwatobiloba Dorcas Oguntoyinbo Olurotimi Isaac Owootomo Department of Zoology Obafemi Awolowo University Ile-Ife Nigeria

The chromosomes of male and female individuals of Enteromius callipterus [1] were assessed in this study with the objective of determining the diploid chromosome and karyotype. The samples were obtained from the Tahoss River, Jos Plateau, and the assessment of the chromosomes was conducted using the conventional Giemsa staining technique. The study reveals that the male individual of E. callipterus has a diploid chromosome number of 2n = 50, the fundamental number of autosomal arms (NFa) of 82, and a karyotype formula of 2n = 14M + 4m + 32t. However, none of the spreads obtained for the female individuals were either equal to or below the common diploid chromosome number of 50 known for members of the genus. The two spreads presented here were of 2n equal to 54 and 58. Although sex dimorphism is rare within the genus, the present results suggest E. callipterus show sexual dimorphism at the chromosomal level.

关键词： Enteromius sex dimorphism Karyotype Chromosome Barbus

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