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Potassium ferrate pretreatment promotes short chain fatty acids yield and antibiotics reduction in acidogenic fermentation of sewage sludge

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2022年第10期34卷 41-52页

作者： Zihao Qiao Suyun Xu Wanqiu Zhang Shuyin Shi Wei Zhang Hongbo Liu School of Environment and Architecture University of Shanghai for Science and TechnologyShanghai 200093China Centillion Resource Recycling(Wuxi)Co.Ltd. Wuxi 214000China

During the acidogenic fermentation converting waste activated sludge (WAS) into shortchain fatty acids (SCFA), hydrolysis of complex organic polymers is a limiting step and the transformation of harmful substances (such as antibiotics) during acidogenic fermentation is unknown. In this study, potassium ferrate (KFeO) oxidation was used as a pretreatment strategy for WAS acidogenic fermentation to increase the hydrolysis of sludge and destruct the harmful antibiotics. Pretreatment with KFeOcan effectively increase the SCFA production during acidogenic fermentation and change the distribution of SCFA components.With the dosage of 0.2 g/g TS, the maximum SCFA yield was 4823 mg COD/L, which is 28.3times that of the control group;acetic acid accounts for more than 90% of the total SCFA. The higher dosage (0.5 g/g TS) can further increase the proportion of acetic acid, but inhibit the overall performance of SCFA production. Apart from the promotion of hydrolysis and acidogenesis, KFeOpretreatment can also simultaneously oxidizes and degrades part of the antibiotics in the sludge. When the dosage is 0.5 g/g TS, the degradation efficacy of antibiotics is the most significant, and the contents of ofloxacin, azithromycin, and tetracycline in the sludge are reduced by 69%, 42%, and 50%, respectively. In addition, KFeOpretreatment can also promote the release of antibiotics from sludge flocs, which is conducive to the simultaneous degradation of antibiotics in the subsequent biological treatment process.

关键词： Acidogenic fermentation Antibiotics Potassium ferrate Oxidation pretreatment sewage sludge Volatile fatty acids

Effect of nitrite on hydrolysis-acidification, biogas production and microbial community in semi-continuous two-phase anaerobic digestion of sewage sludge

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2023年第4期126卷 434-444页

作者： Qian Sheng Yiqing Lu Shijie Yuan Xiaowei Li Xiaohu Dai Yali Guo Bin Dong State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse College of Environmental Science and EngineeringTongji UniversityShanghai 200092China School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering Organic Compound Pollution Control EngineeringMinistry of EducationShanghai UniversityShanghai 200444China Shanghai Investigation Design&Research Institute Co.Ltd. Shanghai 200335China YANGTZE Eco-Environment Engineering Research Center China Three Gorges CorporationBeijing 100038China

Previous study found that the pre-treatment of sewage sludge with nitrite improves the biogas production during the mono/two-phase anaerobic digestion (AD) using batch biochemical methane potential tests.In this study,the effects of nitrite on hydrolysisacidification,biogas production,volatile solids destruction and microbial composition in semi-continuous two-phase AD of sewage sludge were investigated.The addition of nitrite promotes sludge organic matter solubilization (+484%) and VFAs production (+98.9%),and causes an increase in the VS degradation rate during the AD process (+8.7%).The comparison of biogas production from the acidogenic and methanogenic reactors with or without the addition of nitrite implies that the nitrite has no significant effect on the overall biogas production of two-phase sludge AD process.High-throughput sequencing analysis shows that the microbial communities of bacteria and archaea in two-phase AD reactors significantly changes after the addition of nitrite.Vulcanibacillus (bacteria) and Candidatus Methanofastidiosum (archaea) become the dominant genera in the acidogenic and methanogenic reactors with the nitrite respectively.These findings provide new insights about using nitrite to promote the organic matter degradation of sewage sludge in a semicontinuous two-phase AD system.

关键词： sewage sludge Bioenergy Methane production Nitrite Semi-continuous two-phase anaerobic digestion

Heavy Metal Migration Characteristics of Co-Combustion between sewage sludge and High Alkaline Coal on Circulating Fluidized Bed

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Journal of Thermal Science 2022年第6期31卷 2178-2188页

作者： LI Yaode YANG Dong ZHOU Xihong DONG Le SUO Lihui SUN Wenbo State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'an 710049China College of Energy&Power Engineering Northeast Electric Power UniversityJilin 132000China

The migration characteristics of heavy metals in co-combustion of sewage sludge and high alkali coal in circulating fluidized bed were studied by experiments and simulations. Temperature plays a crucial role in thermodynamic equilibrium distribution and migration characteristics of heavy metals. At the temperature range of 700℃-1200℃, Hg is completely gaseous and the proportion of Pb, Ni, and Cd in the gas phase is also high. As is mainly elemental in the system, and the proportion of Cr in the solid phase is large. Zn compounds are diverse and mostly solid materials. The volatility of Cu is not strong, and it will become gaseous when the temperature exceeds 1700℃. The proportion of heavy metals in the gas phase decreases as the excess air ratio increases. In an oxygen-rich atmosphere, most of Zn and Ni are converted to oxides;Pb and Cd are converted to crystalline silicate;Cu is converted to partial aluminate;Cr compound is decomposed to form Cr_(2)O_(3);they are good for the solidification and controlling of heavy metals. The elemental Hg is converted to HgCl_(2) and the elemental As is converted to AsCl_(3). Temperature also has a great influence on the volatilization rate of heavy metals. The higher the temperature, the shorter the time they reach the maximum volatility.

关键词： co-combustion heavy metal migration circulating fluidized bed sewage sludge high alkali coal

Systematic physicochemical characterization,carbon balance and cost of production analyses of activated carbons derived from(Co)-HTC of coal discards and sewage sludge for hydrogen storage applications

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Waste Disposal and Sustainable Energy 2023年第2期5卷 125-149页

作者： Gentil Mwengula Kahilu Samson Bada Jean Mulopo DSI-NRF SARChI Clean Coal Technology Research Group School of Chemical and Metallurgical EngineeringFaculty of Engineering and the Built EnvironmentUniversity of the WitwatersrandJohannesburgWits 2050South Africa Sustainable Energy and Environment Research Group School of Chemical EngineeringUniversity of WitwatersrandPO Box 3JohannesburgWits 2050South Africa

Hydrothermal carbonization(HTC)technologies for producing value-added carbonaceous material(hydrochar)from coal waste and sewage sludge(SS)waste might be a long-term recycling strategy for hydrogen storage applications,cutting disposal costs and solving waste disposal difficulties.In this study,hydrochars(HC)with high carbon content were produced using a combination of optimal HTC(HTC and Co-HTC)and chemical activation of coal tailings(CT),coal slurry(CS),and a mixture of coal discard and sewage sludge(CB).At 850℃and 800℃,respectively,with a KOH/HC ratio of 4:1 and a residence time of 135 min,activated carbons(ACs)with the highest Brunauer–Emmett–Teller specific surface(S_(BET))of 2299.25 m^(2)g^(−1)and 2243.57 m^(2)g^(−1)were obtained.The hydrogen adsorption capability of the produced ACs was further studied using gas adsorption isotherms at 77 K.At 35 bars,the values of hydrogen adsorbed onto AC-HCT(AC obtained from HTC of CT),AC-HCS(AC obtained from HTC of CS),and AC-HCB(AC obtained from HTC of the blending of coal discard(CD)and SS)were approximately 6.12%,6.8%,and 6.57%in weight,respectively.Furthermore,the cost of producing synthetic ACs for hydrogen storage is equivalent to the cost of commercial carbons.Furthermore,the high proportion of carbon retained(>70%)in ACs synthesized by HTC from CD and SS precursors should restrict their potential carbon emissions.

关键词： Hydrothermal carbonization Coal slurry Coal tailing sewage sludge Hydrogen storage Activated carbons Carbon emissions Production cost

Anaerobic co-digestion of thermo-alkaline pretreated microalgae and sewage sludge: Methane potential and microbial community

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2023年第5期127卷 133-142页

作者： Jiaqi Fu Bing Yan Shuanglin Gui Yinxuan Fu Song Xia Institute of Energy Research Jiangxi Academy of SciencesNanchang 330096China

To improve methane production from sewage sludge(SS),co-digestion of SS and microalgae(MA)was studied and the application of thermo-alkaline pretreatment to MA was evaluated.The results showed that thermo-alkaline pretreatment at 90℃ for 120 min on MA was the optimum pretreatment condition.Furthermore,when the volatile solids(VS)ratio of SS and MA was 1:2,the methane yield reached maximum(368.94 mL/g VS).Fourier transform infrared(FT-IR)and thermogravimetric analysis confirmed the synergetic effects of thermoalkaline pretreated MA on its co-digestion with SS.The analyses of microbial community indicated that Methanobacterium and Methanosarcina were the dominant methanogens during the co-digestion process.However,the relative abundance of Methanosarcina in thermoalkaline pretreated groups was higher compared to unpretreated groups.The microbial community structure might be affected by thermo-alkaline pretreatment rather than by the MA dosage in the co-digestion.

关键词： Anaerobic co-digestion Thermo-alkaline pretreatment Microalgae sewage sludge Microbial community

Synergetic process between wind power and sewage sludge pyrolysis in a novel renewable-energy microgrid system

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Clean Energy 2023年第3期7卷 493-508页

作者： Chang Liu Jiankun Zhuo Yanfeng He Shuiqing Li Qiang Yao Key Laboratory for Thermal Science and Power Engineering of Ministry of Education Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Beijing Engineering Research Center for Ecological Restoration and Carbon Fixation of Saline-alkaline and Desert Land Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China

To relieve the stress of sewage sludge(SS)disposal and effectively increase the use of renewable energy,a novel renewable-energy microgrid system(REMS)was developed,specifically designed to integrate a wind power plant(WPP)with energy storage and the SS pyrolysis process for heat and power generation.Based on a lab-scale pyrolysis experiment and 7-day numerical analysis,we studied the energy-recycling potential of SS and simulated the operational behaviours of REMS.According to the results,the calorific values of the pyrolytic gaseous and liquid products were better than those of the raw material,at 16.19 and 33.53 MJ/kg,respectively.The proposed REMS performed well in power supply and energy utilization with a design performance index of 99.23 when the WPP capacity was 200 MWe and the initial wind-energy curtailment rate was 30%.It indicates that by converting SS into flammable gas,condensable liquid and carbon-rich solid residue,curtailed wind energy could be saved and the synergy between wind power and the SS pyrolysis process enabled the proposed microgrid system to effectively utilize renewable energy and provide reliable on-demand power service.The REMS installed with a 155-MWe WPP achieved the optimal design in system performance,environmental benefit and construction cost under the initial wind-curtailment rate of 34.12%.The design scheme makes REMS capable of satisfying the 15.10-GWh power demand of end users and the 1700-t/day SS disposal need,and the curtailed wind energy could be reduced to zero.

关键词： sewage sludge pyrolysis wind power microgrid flexible operation

sewage sludge composting simulation as carbon/nitrogen concentration change

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2011年第11期23卷 1925-1928页

作者： Nassereldeen Kabbashi Bio-Environmental Research Unit Department of Biotechnology Engineering International Islamic University Malaysia (IIUM) Jalan GombakP.O.Box 1050728Malaysia

Available composting models do not describe accurately the dynamics of composting processes.Difficulty in modeling composting processes is attributed mainly to the unpredicted change in process rate caused by change in activation energy value （E）.This article presented the results of an attempt made to utilize patterns of change in carbon,nitrogen and temperature profiles to model sewage sludge composting process as a multi-stage process.Results of controlled sewage sludge composting experiments were used in the study.All the experiments were carried out as batch experiments in a 300-liter Horizontal Drum Bioreactor （HDB）.Analysis of the profiles of carbon,nitrogen and temperature has indicated that there were clear patterns that could be used to develop simple models of the process,the initial C/N ratio was between 7–8 and the final C/N ratio of the compost in most experiments were found to be around 15.0,indicating the compost was fully matured and could be used safely for agricultural purpose.Electrical conductivity of composting material decreased from 1.83 to 1.67 dS/m,after a period,it increased gradually from 2.01 to 2.23 dS/m and remained at around 2.33 dS/m till the end of composting.It is found that change in the concentration of total carbon can reasonably be described by three constant process rate coefficients （k 1,k 2,k 3 ）.It is found that the process starts with a certain process rate coefficient （k 1 ） and continues until peak temperature is reached,then it reaches lower process （k 2 ） in the declining phase of the thermophilic stage,and finally it proceeds with a faster process rate （k 3 ） when maturation is reached.Change in the concentration of total nitrogen has shown to have the same patterns of change as carbon.

关键词： composting sewage sludge HDB modeling reaction rate

Effects of thermally pretreated temperature on bio-hydrogen production from sewage sludge

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2006年第1期18卷 6-12页

作者： XIAO Ben-yi LIU Jun-xin Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100085 China

Hydrogen can be obtained by anaerobic fermentation of sewage sludge. Therefore, in this paper the effects of thermally pretreated temperatures on hydrogen production from sewage sludge were investigated under different pre-treatment conditions. In the thermal pretreatment, some microbial matters of sludge were converted into soluble matters from insoluble ones. As a result, the suspended solid（SS） and volatile suspended solid（VSS） of sludge decreased and the concentration of soluble COD（SCOD） increased, including soluble carbohydrates and proteins. The experimental results showed that all of those pretreated sludge could produce hydrogen by anaerobic fermentation and the hydrogen yields under the temperatures of 121℃ and 50℃ were 12.23 ml/g VS（most） and 1.17 ml/g VS （least）, respectively. It illuminated that the hydrogen yield of sludge was affected by the thermally pretreated temperatures. Additionally, the endurance of high hydrogen yield depended on the translation of microbial matters and inhibition of methanogens in the sludge. The temperatures of 100℃ and 121℃ （treated time, 30 min） could kill or inhibit completely the methanogens while the others could not. To produce hydrogen and save energy, 100℃ was chosen as the optimal temperature for thermal pretrcatment. The composition changes in liquid phase in the fermentation process were also discussed. The SCOD of sludge increased, which was affected by the pretreatment temperature. The production of volatile fatty acids in the anaerobic fermentation increased with the pretreatment temperature.

关键词： anaerobic fermentation hydrogen production sewage sludge thermally pretreated temperature

Impact of ozone assisted ultrasonication pre-treatment on anaerobic digestibility of sewage sludge

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2015年第7期27卷 29-38页

作者： Xinbo Tian Antoine Prandota Trzcinski Li Leonard Lin Wun Jern Ng Advanced Environmental Biotechnology Centre Nanyang Environment and Water Research Institute Nanyang Technological University School of Civil and Environmental Engineering Nanyang Technological University Public Utilities Board Water Reclamation (Plants) Department Nanyang Environment and Water Research Institute Nanyang Technological University

Impact of ultrasonication（ULS） and ultrasonication-ozonation（ULS-Ozone） pre-treatment on the anaerobic digestibility of sewage sludge was investigated with semi-continuous anaerobic reactors at solid retention time（SRT） of 10 and 20 days. The control, ULS and ULS-Ozone reactors produced 256, 309 and 348 m L biogas/g CODfedand the volatile solid（VS） removals were 35.6%, 38.3% and 42.1%, respectively at SRT of 10 days. At SRT of20 days, the biogas yields reached 313, 337 and 393 m L biogas/g CODfedand the VS removal rates were 37.3%, 40.9% and 45.3% in the control, ULS and ULS-Ozone reactors, respectively.ULS-Ozone pre-treatment increased the residual organic amount in the digested sludge.These soluble residual organics were found to contain macromolecules with molecular weights（MW） larger than 500 k Da and smaller polymeric products with MW around 19.4and 7.7 k Da. These compounds were further characterized to be humic acid-like substances with fluorescent spectroscopy analysis.

关键词： sewage sludge Ultrasound Ozone Pre-treatment Molecular weight Anaerobic digestion