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Effects of soilless substrates on seedling quality and the growth of transplanted super japonica rice

Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2017年第5期16卷 1053-1063页

作者： LEI Wu-sheng DING Yan-feng LI Gang-hua TANG She WANG Shao-hua Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production/National Engineering and Technology Center for Information Agricultrue/Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology and Ecology in Southern China Nanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing 210095P.R.China Jiangsu Vocational College of Agriculture and Forestry Jurong 212400P.R.China

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of soilless substrates of hydroponically grown long-mat seedlings （HLMS） on seedling quality and field growth characteristics of transplanted super japonica rice. A widely grown conventional super japonica rice cultivar （Wuyunjing 23） was selected as the test material. The effect of HLMS on seedling quality, mechanical transplantation quality, field growth characteristics, yield, and benefit-cost ratio were compared with seedlings grown in organic substrates and traditional nutritive soil, whJch was selected as the control. Root number, root twJstJng power and root activity of seedlings cultivated by HLMS were decreased compared to that of the organic substrates andcontrol. However, seedling root length as well as aboveground growth were increased compared to the organic substrates and control seed- lings. In the HLMS, the content of gibberellin acid （GA3） decreased while abscisic acid （ABA） content increased compared to that of the organic substrates and control seedlings. During the early stages after transplanting, the re-greening of HLMS was delayed compared to that of the organic substrates and control seedlings. Nevertheless, there were no significant differences in tiller dynamics and crop yield among the HLMS, organic substrates and control treatments. The effects of HLMS on seedling production were similar to those of the organic substrates and traditional nutritive soil in the present study, suggesting that HLMS have the potential to replace traditional nutritive soil in seedling production without decreasing crop yield. Finally, it is important to reduce organic substrates and topsoil dependence during rice seedling production and worthwhile to consider HLMS popularization and its application on a larger scale.

关键词： super hybrid rice (Oryza sativa L.) mechanical transplantation seedling quality yield seedling raised method

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Coinoculation of bioinoculants improve Acacia auriculiformis seedling growth and quality in a tropical Alfisol soil

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Journal of Forestry Research 2018年第3期29卷 660-670页

作者： Thangavelu Muthukumar Karuthamuthu Udaiyan Root and Soil Biology Laboratory Department of BotanyBharathiar University

We conducted a study to find out if arbuscular mycorrhizal(AM) fungi(Acaulospora scrobiculata,Scutellospora calospora) and phosphate solubilizing bacteria(PSB, Paenibacillus polymyxa) inoculation either individually or in combinations can improve Acacia auriculiformis seedling growth, uptake of nutrients and quality in a phosphorus deficient tropical Alfisol. The seedlings were assessed for various growth and nutrient uptake parameters after 60 days of treatment. Inoculation with *** stimulated mycorrhizal formation. seedling height, stem girth, taproot length, number of leaves and leaf area, plant dry matter production, nodulation, and nodular dry weight were significantly higher for seedlings that were either dual inoculated or triple inoculated compared to individual inoculation of AM fungi or PSB, and uninoculated seedlings. Dual and triple application of AM fungi and PSB also significantly improved the nutrient contents of shoots and roots and nutrient uptake efficiencies. The calculated seedling quality indexes of the AM fungi and PSB inoculated seedling were 25–208% higher than uninoculated seedlings. These findings show that *** seedlings when dual inoculated or triple inoculated performed better than seedlings inoculated with the microbes individually and compared with uninoculated control seedlings. We conclude that bioinoculation is important for the production of high-quality *** seedlings in tree nurseries for planting in nutrient deficient soils.

关键词： Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi Nutrient uptake efficiency Paenibacillus polymyxa Relative field mycorrhizal dependency seedling quality

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Effects of Different Upland seedling Nurturing Modes on Shed Temperature and Rice seedling quality

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Agricultural Science & Technology 2016年第1期17卷 63-68页

作者：韩康顺贾玉敏时羽孟令君李彦利邵玺文通化市农业科学研究院吉林通化135007 吉林农业大学吉林长春130118

In order to compare the advantages and disadvantages of large-shed,middle-shed and small-shed upland seedling nurturing modes in japonica rice planting regions of North China, in this study, Tongyin 58, Tonghe 836 and Tonghe 835 were used as experimental materials and cultivated with large-shed, middle-shed and small-shed upland seedling nurturing modes to investigate active and effective accumulated temperature and rice seedling quality. According to the results, active and effective accumulated temperature in three different upland seedling nurturing treatments during seedling nurturing period were generally in a descending order of large shed 〉 middle shed 〉 small shed. The occurrence frequency of temperature exceeding the biological upper limit for rice growth in different upland seedling nurturing treatments demonstrated a descending order of large shed 〉 small shed 〉middle shed; the occurrence frequency of temperature below the biological lower limit demonstrated a descending order of small shed 〉 middle shed 〉 large *** height, root number, aboveground dry weight, underground dry weight and emergence rate varied significantly among different upland seedling nurturing modes,which showed a descending order of large shed 〉 middle shed 〉 small shed; leaf age and stem number in large shed was significantly higher than that in middle and small sheds, but there was no significant difference in leaf age and stem number between middle and small sheds; underground dry weight varied slightly between large and middle shed, but underground dry weight in large and middle shed was remarkably higher than that in small shed. In production, large-shed upland seedling nurturing is most appropriate technique, followed by middle-shed upland seedling nurturing. In large-shed upland seedling nurturing, ventilation and seedling hardening should be strengthened. Small-shed upland seedling nurturing technique is not recommended to be used in regions with low accumulated tempera

关键词： Upland seedling nurturing modes Shed temperature seedling quality

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Effects of Organic Fertilizer Application Amount on seedling quality under No-tillage Semi-Solid State Direct Seeding

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Agricultural Science & Technology 2019年第2期20卷 1-10页

作者： LI Jing-yi HUANG Huang LIANG Yu-gang WANG Ren WU Jia LV Guang-dong YANG Fei-xiang College of Agronomy Hunan Agricultural UniversityCollaborative Innovation Center of Paddy Crop and Oil Crops in SouthernChangsha 410128PRC

With early rice variety Zhongzao 39 as test material,this paper investigated the effects of organic fertilizer application rate on seedling quality under no-tillage semi-solid state direct *** results showed that the seedling quality of no-tillage semi-solid direct seeding was better than that of traditional direct seeding,and different application rates of organic fertilizer under no-tillage semi-solid direct seeding also had signi ficant effects on seedling emergence rate,dry matter weight in ground and underground,stem base width,root activity,chlorophyll content and seedling growth index of rice *** the organic fertilizer dosage was A4(0.10∶1),it was most beneficial to the growth and development of rice seedlings under no-tillage semi-solid state direct seeding,it could effectively improve the quality of rice seedlings and enhance their resistances,the cultivated seedlings could lay a good foundation for high yield of rice in late stage.

关键词： Rice No-tillage Semi-solid state direct seeding Organic fertilizer seedling quality

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Effects of Seed Rate on Root Twining Power and seedling quality of Machine-transplanted Super Rice

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Agricultural Science & Technology 2015年第12期16卷 2644-2648,2652页

作者：滕飞朱德峰陈惠哲蔡雪青徐一成中国水稻研究所/水稻生物学国家重点实验室浙江杭州310006 北京市农业机械试验鉴定推广站北京100079

In order to investigate the effects of seed rate on root twining power and seedling quality of machine-transplanted super rice cultivars, Yongyou 12 and Zhongzheyou No.l, total 6 seed rates were arranged, and the growth characteris- tics, quality and root twining power of machine-transplanted rice seedlings were studied. The results showed that seed rate had great effects on root twining power and qualityof rice seedlings; with the increase of seed rate, the root twining power of rice seedlings was increased, but the quality of rice seedlings was significantly reduced; under the condition of high seed rate, rice seedlings were weak with less accumulate dry matter and nonuniform growth, and the proportion of weak seedlings was higher. When the seed rate of both rice cultivars was reduced by 10 g/tray, the average seedling height was increased by 0.5 cm, leaf age was increased by 0.1, stem base diameter was increased by 0.1 cm, and root number per plant was increased by 0.3. When the seed rate was increased by 10 g/tray, the accumulated dry matter per plant was reduced by 5.1 mg. With the increase of seed rate, the seedling quality of Zhongzheyou No.1 was decreased rapidly, and the proportion of weak seedlings was increased rapidly. However, Yongyou 12 has a larger elasticity in seed rate. When the seed rate reached to 50 g/tray, blanket seedlings of Yongy- ou 12 were nursed with uniform growth and higher quality, but the shoots were sparse with lower leaf area index. However, when the seed rate was up to 50 g/tray, blanket seedlings of Zhongzheyou No.1 were nursed with uniform growth and higher quality, as well as higher-density shoots. From a comprehensive point of view, the optimum seed rates of Yongyou 12 and Zhongzheyou No.1 were 65 and 50 g/tray, respectively.

关键词： Rice Super rice Mechanical transplanting Seed rate Blanket seedling seedling quality

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Effects of Seed Soaking with Uniconazole and Substrate Formula on seedling quality of Rapeseed

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Agricultural Science & Technology 2015年第9期16卷 1943-1949页

作者：高建芹浦惠明龙卫华胡茂龙陈松周晓婴张维江苏省农业科学院经济作物研究所/国家油菜改良中心南京分中心江苏南京210014

[Objective] To cultivate blanket rapeseed seedlings suitable for automatic mechanical transplanting, the effects of seed soaking with uniconazole and substrate formula on seed germination and seedling quality of rapeseed were investigated using HY4 as the material. [Method] The rapeseed seeds were soaked in different concentrations（0, 5, 10, 20, 30, 40 and 50 mg/L） of uniconazole for 0, 1, 2, 4 and8 h, respectively. Subsequently, they were dried naturally. After the preliminary screening carried out in petri dishes and in a laboratory, the optimum soaking concentration and time of uniconazole were obtained. On the other hand, the rapeseed seeds were soaked in different concentrations（0, 5, 10, 15 and 20 mg/L） of uniconazole for 0, 1 and 2 h, respectively for outdoor pot experiment. At the same time, the screening of optimum substrate formula for cultivating blanket rapeseed seedlings was carried out. The field test was carried out to verify the screened optimum substrate formula. [Result] The results of petri dish experiment showed that seed soaking with uniconazole could delay seed germination, reduce seed germination rate, inhibit hypocotyl elongation and promote root growth. When the soaking concentration exceeded 30 mg/L and soaking time exceeded 2 h, the effect of seed soaking with uniconazole on seed germination was greater, and the seed soaking inhibited root growth. The results of outdoor pot experiment showed that the soaking concentrations and times all significantly reduced seedling height, slowed shoot growth and promoted root growth, which all contributed to the cultivation of blanket rapeseed seedlings suitable for automatic mechanical transplanting. In the substrate formula, the lower the proportion of soil was, the better the seedling growth was. In the substrate with lower proportion of soil, the seed germination rate, plant height,root vigor and dry matter accumulation were all increased（P〈0.05）, which was verified by the field test. When the soaki

关键词： Uniconazole Seed soaking Substrate formula seedling quality

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Study on seedling quality of Double-cropping Late Rice Sowed at Different Dates in Guangdong

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Agricultural Science & Technology 2011年第7期12卷 975-979页

作者：饶刚顺肖立中田晋元黄忠林杜尧东陈新光唐湘如华南农业大学农学院广东广州510642 广东省气候中心广东广州510080

[Objective] The aim was to study seedling quality of rice sowed at different dates so as to provide theoretical basis for determining the best seeding time.[Method] By investigating the characters of shoot and root of different varieties sowed at different dates,the best seeding time of double-cropping late rice was determined.[Result] The first leaf sheath height and the second leaf length shared significantly positive correlation,which fit the quadratic equation *** effects of different sowing dates on shoot and root of three rice varieties appeared significant difference.[Conclusion] The best seeding time of Tianyou428 was in June 25-July 2 and that of Tianyou998 and Yuxiangyouzhan was in July 2-9.

关键词： Seeding time Late rice seedling quality Fitting equation

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Effects of SSA Dosages on seedling quality and Yield by Mechanical Transplanting

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Agricultural Science & Technology 2013年第10期14卷 1429-1431页

作者：黄洪明吴美娟汪暖刘新华金芳燕曹春信兰溪市农作物技术推广站浙江兰溪321100 金华市农业科学研究院浙江金华321000

[Objective] The aim was to research the influence of gradient dosages of seedling-strengthening agent （SSA） on rice seedling quality and yield. [Method] The influence of four dosages of SSA on late rice seedling quality and yield was investi- gated, using Oryza sativa cv. Yongyou 9 and Huanghuazhan as test materials. [Re- sult] The results showed that applying SSA significantly increased several indexes of seedling quality including the leaf age, basal stem width and dry matter weight. In addition, SSA greatly increased the rice yield, mainly through influencing two yield component factors, effective panicle number and grain number per panicle. [Conclu- sion] SSA was beneficial to nurse strong seedling which satisfied mechanical trans- plant and improve yield. Considered both seedling quality and yield trait, the optimal SSA dosage is 50 g/m2 under this cultivating condition.

关键词： Oryza sativa seedling-strengthening agent Dosage seedling quality Yield

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Effect of seedling quality on Growth,Yield and quality of Angelica sinensis

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Medicinal Plant 2021年第1期12卷 28-31页

作者： Ziteng HE Youhua CAI Lianzhen HE Zongren LI Shengping HE Qide DONG Shenglong HU Changman LI Qinghai Hufeng Agro-technical Group Co. Ltd.Haidong 810599China Qinghai University Xining 810016China

[Objectives]Aiming at the problems of high bolting rate,low yield and poor quality traits in the production of Angelica sinensis in Qinghai Province,this study investigated the effect of seeding quality on the growth,yield and quality of ***.[Methods]Field experiments were carried out in five aspects,including different seedling shapes,different seedling sizes,different seedling ages,different seedling raising methods,and different seedling *** effect of seedling quality on the survival rate,bolting rate,main quality traits(root length,root fresh weight,root head thickness,root head length)and yield of *** was investigated.[Results]The seedlings,0.2-0.5 cm in diameter,100-110-d old,raised from three-year-old provenance in cultivated land by conventional method,were more preferable,and their survival rate was high,bolting rate was low,yield is high,and quality traits performed well.[Conclusions]The seedlings,0.2-0.5 cm in diameter,100-110-d old,raised from three-year-old provenance in cultivated land by conventional method,were more preferable,and their survival rate was high,bolting rate was low,yield is high,and quality traits performed well.

关键词： Angelica sinensis seedling quality Bolting rate quality trait Yield

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Growth of tandem long-mat rice seedlings using controlled release fertilizers:Mechanical transplantation can be more economical and high yielding

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2023年第12期22卷 3652-3666页

作者： HE Wen-jun HE Bin WU Bo-yang WANG Yu-hui YAN Fei-yu DING Yan-feng LI Gang-hua Sanya Institute of Nanjing Agricultural University/Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production/Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology Ecology and Production Management Nanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing 210095P.R.China National Engineering and Technology Center for Information Agriculture Nanjing 210095P.R.China China-Kenya Belt and Road Joint Laboratory on Crop Molecular Biology Nanjing 210095P.R.China School of Life Sciences and Food Engineering Huaiyin Institute of TechnologyHuai’an 223003P.R.China

The traditional soil-based rice seedling production methods for mechanical transplanting are resource-intensive,time consuming and *** improvement and optimization of nutrient management in soil-less nursery raising methods like tandem long-mat seedlings(TLMS)are necessary for the resource-efficient cultivation of *** the present study,a controlled-release fertilizer(CRF)-polymer-coated compound fertilizer with 3 months release period(PCCF-3M)was applied as seedling fertilizer(SF),and five different dosages of SF(SF-0,SF-10,SF-20,SF-30,and SF-40)were compared with an organic substrate as the control(CK).Among all SF treatments,the best results were obtained with the application of 20 g/tray of SF(SF-20),as the seedling quality and machine transplanting quality were comparable to those of *** contrast,the lower dosages(SF-0 and SF-10)resulted in low nitrogen content and reduced shoot growth,while the higher dosages(SF-30 and SF-40)resulted in toxicity(increased malondialdehyde accumulation)and inhibited the root ***,SF-20 increased panicle number(5.6-7.0%)and yield(4.3-5.3%)compared with CK,which might be related to the remaining SF entangled in the roots supporting the tiller growth of rice seedlings in the ***,SF-20 reduced the seedling block weight(53.1%)and cost of seedling production(23.5%)but increased the gross margin,indicating that it was easy to handle and *** together,our results indicate that SF-20 is a cost-effective way to promote the growth and transplanting efficiency of rice *** our knowledge,this study is the first to determine the optimum dosage of CRF for the soil-less production of rice seedlings.

关键词： machine-transplanted rice tandem long-mat seedlings controlled release fertilizer seedling quality yield

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