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Natural continuous influent nitrifier immigration effects on nitrification and the microbial community of activated sludge systems

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2018年第12期30卷 159-167页

作者： Lifang Yu Ren Li Robert Delatolla Ru Zhang Xiuling Yang Dangcong Peng School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology Department of Civil Engineering University of Ottawa

Two sequencing batch reactors（SBRs） were operated for 100 days under aerobic conditions,with one being fed with unsterilized municipal wastewater（USBR）, and the other fed with sterilized municipal wastewater（SSBR）. Respirometric assays and fluorescence in situ hybridization（FISH） results show that active nitrifiers were present in the unsterilized influent municipal wastewater. The maximum ammonia utilization rate（AUR） and nitrite utilization rate（NUR） of the unsterilized influent were 0.32 ± 0.12 mg NH4＋-N/（L·hr） and0.71 ± 0.18 mg NO2--N/（L·hr）. Based on the maximum utilization rates, the estimated seeding intensity for the ammonia oxidizing bacteria（AOB） and nitrite oxidizing bacteria（NOB） of the USBR was 0.08 g AOB/（g AOB·day） and 0.20 g NOB/（g NOB·day） respectively. The fraction of nitrifiers/total bacteria in the influent was 5.35% ± 2.1%, the dominant AOB was Nitrosomonas spp., Nitrosococcus mobilis hybridizated with Nsm156, and the dominant NOB was Nitrospira hybridizated with Ntspa662. The influent nitrifiers potentially seeded the activated sludge of the bioreactor and hence demonstrated a mitigation of the acclimatization times and instability during start-up and early operation. The AUR and NUR in the USBR was 15% and 13% higher than the SSBR respectively during the stable stage, FISH results showed that nitrifiers population especially the Nitrospira in the USBR was higher than that in the SSBR. These results indicate that the natural continuous immigration of nitrifiers from municipal influent streams may have some repercussions on the modeling and design of bioreactors.

关键词： Nitrifier immigration Influent wastewater seeding effect Nitrification Nitrospira

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Fabrication of large-scale ripples on fluorine-doped tin oxide films by femtosecond laser irradiation

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Chinese Physics B 2014年第9期23卷 242-246页

作者：韩艳华李岩赵秀丽曲士良 Department of Optoelectronics Science Harbin Institute of Technology at Weihai

The large-scale uniform self-organized ripples are fabricated on fluorine-doped tin oxide （FTO） coated glass by femtosecond laser. They can be smoothly linked in a horizontal line with the moving of XYZ stage by setting its velocity and the repetition rate of the laser. The ripple-to-ripple linking can also be realized through line-by-line scanning on a vertical level. The mechanism analysis shows that the seeding effect plays a key role in the linking of ripples.

关键词： femtosecond laser ripples FTO film seeding effect

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Production of Sucrose Crystals of Uni-Modal Size Distribution by Seeded Batch Cooling Crystallization

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Journal of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering 2022年第11期10卷 16-23页

作者： Norihito Doki Shunsuke Kayamori Masaaki Yokota Takahiro Nemoto Yoshikazu Kato Department of Chemical Engineering Iwate University Morioka Japan SATAKE MultiMix Corporation Toda-Shi Japan

From sucrose aqueous solution of high viscosity, sucrose was crystallized by seeded cooling in a batch crystallizer. At low seed loadings, the product crystal size distribution (CSD) was wide-spread because of enormous secondary and primary nucleation. However, at high seed loadings, it became uni-modal, where the crystallization was dominated by seed growth with practically no secondary nucleation. Enough seeding was thus effective in suppressing nucleation even during batch crystallization with high viscosity solution. The volume mean size of the product crystals obtained at high seed loadings agreed with that calculated by a simple mass balance assuming growth-dominated crystallization with no change in the number of crystals.

关键词： Batch Cooling Crystallization seeding effect Sucrose

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