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Influence of agricultural development and climate changes on the drainage valley density of the southern half of the Russian Plain

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International Journal of sediment Research 2017年第1期32卷 60-72页

作者： Valentin Golosov Nadezhda Ivanova Saniya Kurbanova Kazan Federal University Lomonosov Moscow State University

The southern half of the Russian Plain is characterized by a relatively short history of intensively ploughed *** duration varies from approximately three centuries in the southern part of the forest zone to less than one century in some parts of the steppe *** was found that after cultivation,on more than 40%of lands in river basins the drainage valley density(Ddv) decreased by 15-58%in all landscape *** the first stage,the Ddvdecrease was mostly associated with increasing surface runoff coefficient after cultivation of virgin lands with proportional decreases in groundwater *** the second stage,usually after reaching areas of arable lands in river basins > 60%,the volume of eroded sediments entering small river channels exceeded the transport capacities of the permanent *** a result,the river channels completely *** later stages,the sediment redistribution cascade within the small river basins of the Russian Plain stabilized because of the increasing proportion of sediment eroded from the basin areas and re-deposited before entering the river channels because of the increasing area of sediment sinks due to the increase in dry valley lengths and total *** morphological parameters of small valleys and groundwater discharges are the key parameters that affect the intensity of small river aggradation on the regional scale.

关键词： Soil erosion sediment redistribution Climate change Land use change European Russia

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The history and assessment of effectiveness of soil erosion control measures deployed in Russia

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International Soil and Water Conservation Research 2013年第2期1卷 26-35页

作者： Valentin Golosov Vladimir Belyaev Faculty of Geography Lomonosov Moscow State LniversitvGSP-1Moscow Russia Lomonosov Moscow State Lniversity GSP-1Moscow Russia

Research activities aimed at design and application of soil conservation measures for reduction of soil losses from cultivated fields started in Russia in the last quarter of the 19th century.A network of"zonal agrofor-estry melioration experimental stations"was organized in the different landscape zones of Russia in the first half of the 20th *** main task of the experiments was to develop effective soil conservation measures for Russian climatic,soil and land use *** most widespread and large-scale introduction of coun-termeasures to cope with soil erosion by water and wind into agricultural practice supported by serious governmental investments took place during the Soviet Union period after the Second World *** the Soviet Union collapse in 1991,general deterioration of the agricultural economy sector and the absence of investments resulted in cessation of organized soil conservation measures application at the nation-wide ***,some of the long-term erosion control measures such as forest shelter belts,artificial slope terracing,water diversion dams above formerly active gully heads survived until the *** the case study of sediment redistribution within the small cultivated catchment presented in this paper an attempt was made to evaluate average annual erosion rates on arable slopes with and without soil conservation measures for two time *** has been found that application of conservation measures on cultivated slopes within the experimental part of the case study catchment has led to a decrease of average soil loss rates by at least 2.52.8 *** figures obtained are in good agreement with previously published results of direct monitoring of snowmelt erosion rates,reporting approximately a 3-fold decrease of average snowmelt erosion rates in the experimental sub-catchment compared to a traditionally cultivated control sub-catchment.A substantial decrease of soil erosion rates on arable slopes has been equall

关键词： Soil erosion Soil conservation sediment redistribution ^(137)Cs European Russia

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