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Temporal variations in runoff and soil loss in relation to soil conservation practices in catchments in Shiwaliks of lower Himalayas

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International Soil and Water Conservation Research 2013年第2期1卷 19-25页

作者： S.S.Kukal S.S.Bawa School of Climate Change and Agricultural Meteorology Punjab Agricultural UniversityLudhianaIndia Zonal Research Station for Kandi Area(PAL) NawanshaharIndia

The soil conservation strategies adopted in the catchments of Shiwaliks,the most fragile region in the Himalayan ecosystem,failed to serve their purpose after a few years of their execution.A study was carried out in four differentially-treated catchments to monitor the variation in runoff and soil *** treatments imposed during 1988 included fencing,planting native vegetation and engineering structures in catchment I;planting native vegetation and fencing in catchment II;fencing alone in catchment III in addition to an untreated catchment *** soil loss during the initial years(1989–1995)of imposition of the treatments was lowest(25.2 t ha^(-1))in catchment I,treated to the maximum extent and highest(43.3 t ha^(-1))in untreated catchment *** the later period(1996–2006)the trends reversed,i.e.,catchment IV recorded the lowest(14.1 t ha^(-1))soil loss whereas catchment I recorded the highest(23.4 t ha^(-1))soil loss despite the fact that there was no change in the status of soil conservation or the characteristics of the *** runoff was 71%higher in untreated catchment than in treated catchments initially and this difference decreased to 27%during the later period.

关键词： Catchment Gully erosion sediment loss Soil conservation

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江淮丘陵区水土保持措施对坡耕地土壤侵蚀和养分流失的影响研究

江淮丘陵区水土保持措施对坡耕地土壤侵蚀和养分流失的影响研究

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作者： Purevjav Nyambayar 安徽农业大学

学位级别：硕士

Soil and water conservation(SWC)practices have been long-time recognized as a tackle to soil erosion,and maintain sustainable agriculture on sloping ***-point source pollution has become one of the key concerns in the polluted environment of river basins in ***,most of the studies focused on the individual character of soil erosion or nutrient losses in short slope *** study expected to investigate soil and nutrient loss by eroded sediment and runoff flux,and an effect of these practices to crop yield in the long slope plots.A total of 12 plots were included in this study that was assigned to four treatments(20m x 4m,gradient 15°):Control(C),contour farming(CF),Contour farming with mulch(CM),and Contour farming with hedgerow(CH).The runoff volume and sediment yield,their concentration,rainfall were monitored by a period of the rainy season in *** the experimental test,25 rainfall ranged from 0.4 to 85.82 mm with fell 255.02 mm of *** main factor in soil erosion and nutrient losses are directly related to precipitation and its *** analysis shows that for all treatments,there were highly significant and positive correlation between rainfall and runoff(r2=0.95-0.97,Ploss(r2=0.98-0.99,Ploss ranged between 63.42 and 472.06 m3/ha,with an average was 272.32 m3/*** results exposed that the amount of nutrient and sediment loss in the runoff plots,compared to the control treatment was much *** result of contrast tests in ANOVA(t=24.70 d.f.=8,Plosses in the CH and CM fields were performed excellently to preventing runoff loss,followed by CF treatment,compared with the C *** contrast,the sum of runoff loss in each treatment decreased by a minimum of 17.05%,86.56%,and 65.62%,*** seasonal soil loss range of C was 369.79-3668.02 kg/ha,with an average 1724.98 kg/*** C treatment soil

关键词： soil erosion runoff nutrient loss sediment loss nutrient concentration

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