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Influence of secondary treatment with CO_2 laser irradiation for mitigation site on fused silica surface

Chinese Physics B 2016年第10期25卷 475-481页

作者：蒋勇周强邱荣高翔王慧丽姚彩珍王俊波赵鑫刘春明向霞祖小涛袁晓东苗心向 Joint Laboratory for Extreme Conditions Matter Properties Southwest University of Science and Technology School of Physical Electronics University of Electronic Science and Technology of China Research Center of Laser Fusion China Academy of Engineering Physics

The ablation debris and raised rim, as well as residual stress and deep crater will be formed during the mitigation of damage site with a CO2 laser irradiation on fused silica surface, which greatly affects the laser damage resistance of optics. In this study, the experimental study combined with numerical simulation is utilized to investigate the effect of the secondary treatment on a mitigated site by CO2laser irradiation. The results indicate that the ablation debris and the raised rim can be completely eliminated and the depth of crater can be reduced. Notable results show that the residual stress of the mitigation site after treatment will reduce two-thirds of the original stress. Finally, the elimination and the controlling mechanism of secondary treatment on the debris and raised rim, as well as the reasons for changing the profile and stress are analyzed. The results can provide a reference for the optimization treatment of mitigation sites by CO2laser secondary treatment.

关键词： fused silica CO_2 laser numerical simulation secondary treatment

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Monitoring of 943 organic micropollutants in wastewater from municipal wastewater treatment plants with secondary and advanced treatment processes

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2018年第5期30卷 309-317页

作者： Juan Wang Zhe Tian Yingbin Huo Min Yang Xingcan Zheng Yu Zhang State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry Research Center for Eco-Environmental SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100085China North China Municipal Engineering Design&Research Institute Tianjin 300074China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

To perform a systematic survey on the occurrence and removal of micropollutants during municipal wastewater treatment, 943 semi-volatile organic chemicals in 32 wastewater samples including influents of secondary treatments, secondary effluents and final effluents（effluents of advanced treatments）, which were collected from seven full-scale municipal wastewater treatment plants（MWTPs） in China, were examined by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry（GC-MS） coupled with an automated identification and quantification system with a database（AIQS-DB）. In total, 196 and 145 chemicals were detected in secondary and final effluents, respectively. The majority of the total concentrations（average removal efficiency, 87.0%±5.9%） of the micropollutants were removed during secondary treatments. However, advanced treatments achieved different micropollutant removal extents from secondary effluents depending on the different treatment processes employed. Highly variable removal efficiencies of total concentrations（32.7%–99.3%） were observed among the different advanced processes. Among them,ozonation-based processes could remove 70.0%–80.9% of the total concentrations of studied micropollutants. The potentially harmful micropollutants, based on their detection frequency and concentration in secondary and final effluents, were polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons（PAHs）（2-methylnaphthalene, fluoranthene, pyrene, naphthalene and phenanthrene）, phosphorus flame retardants（tributyl phosphate（TBP）, tris（2-chloroethyl）phosphate（TCEP） and tris（1,3-dichloro-2-propyl） phosphate（TDCP））, phthalates（bis（2-ethylhexyl）phthalate（DEHP））, benzothiazoles（benzothiazole,2-（methylthio）-benzothiazol, and 2（3H）-benzothiazolone） and phenol. This study indicated that the presence of considerable amounts of micropollutants in secondary effluent creates the need for suitable advanced treatment before their reuse.

关键词： Automated identification andquantification system Municipal wastewater treatment Organic micropollutants secondary treatment Advanced treatment

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Effectiveness of Centralized Wastewater treatment Plant in Removing Emerging Contaminants: A Case Study at Kuching, Malaysia

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Journal of Water Resource and Protection 2022年第9期14卷 650-663页

作者： King Kuok Kuok Po Chan Chiu Md. Rezaur Rahman Muhammad Khusairy Bin Bakri Mei Yun Chin Faculty of Engineering Computing and Science Swinburne University of Technology Sarawak Campus Kuching Malaysia Faculty of Computer Science and Information Technology University Malaysia Sarawak Kota Samarahan Malaysia Faculty of Engineering University Malaysia Sarawak Kota Samarahan Malaysia Composites Materials and Engineering Center Washington State University Pullman USA

Before the construction of the Kuching Centralized Wastewater treatment System Package 1 (KCWTSP1), partially treated blackwater and greywater were discharged directly into natural waterways. The accumulated wastewater had polluted Sarawak river, which is regulated and cannot discharge freely into the South China Sea. The polluted Sarawak river has endangered human health, river water quality, and aquatic ecosystems. Hence, the KCWTSP1 commissioned in 2015 serves the purpose of removing pollutants from wastewater before it is discharged into natural waterways. However, the effectiveness of KCWTPP1 is unknown. This paper is aimed to discuss and review the effectiveness of KCWTPP1 in treating wastewater since its inception in 2015. From 2017 to 2020, KCWTPP1 has treated an average of 4,200,000 m3 of wastewater per year. Generally, most of the discharge effluent met Environmental Quality Act (1974) Standard A criteria, except for the oil and grease parameter. Initially, the plant could not treat suspended solids and total phosphorus, but this was greatly improved in subsequent years. Therefore, some improvements are required to treat oil and grease parameters effectively and efficiently to ensure that only Standard A effluent is discharged into the Sarawak River in the future.

关键词： Kuching Centralized Wastewater treatment Plant Package 1 Primary treatment secondary treatment Tertiary treatment Effluent

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Performance of a Demonstrative (Scale-Pilot) Double Advanced Oxidation Wastewater treatment Plant to Treat Discharges from a Small Community in Morelia, Michoacán, México

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Journal of Environmental Science and Engineering(B) 2021年第1期10卷 1-8页

作者： Alfonso Espitia-Cabrera Franciso Javier Barrón-Santos Berenice Quintana-Díaz Héctor Herrera-Bucio Rafael Soto-Espitia Griselda González-Cardoso Energy Department Metropolitan Autonomous UniversityAzcapotzalco CDMX 02200Mexico Postgraduate Department Occupational Health Safety and HygieneNational School of Medicine and HomeopathyNational Polytechnic InstituteCiudad de MéxicoCDMX 07320México Basic Sciences Department Metropolitan Autonomous UniversityAzcapotzalco CDMX 02200Mexico Construction HeBui Civil Engineering Faculty Michoacán UniversityUMSNHMorelia 58030MichoacanMexico

This paper,reports the performance of a wastewater treatment scale-pilot plant to treat 2 GPM(Gallons per Minute)discharges with 5,205 mg/L of pollutants expressed in COD(Chemical Oxygen Demand),from“Lomas de la Maestransa”a small community in Morelia City,Michoacan,*** scale-pilot plant is a train with(1)pretreatment with a triturated pump for floating solid,(2)primary treatment with“in line”coagulation,and rapid filtration to retain suspended colloids and dissolved solids higher of 5μm diameter,(3)double advanced oxidation as secondary treatment with ozone and heterogeneous photo catalysis to oxidize volatile solids,and(4)tertiary treatment with activated carbon to retain refractory *** performance was analyzed by a certified laboratory that belongs to Potable Water,Sewage and Sanitation Department from Morelia City *** show that treated water effluent complied with the Mexican Official Standard NOM-001-SEMARNAT-1996 for discharges into national waters,with exception of fecal coliforms,since the raw water contains an average of 64,228,351 MNP/100 mL of fecal coliforms,and in spite that we obtained a 99.998%efficiency,the maximum level allowable 2,000 MPN/100 mL standard,was exceeded by 400 MPN/100 *** this experience,the wastewater treatment plant is equipped with a residual chlorine tank to keep a 1.5 ppm chlorine residual concentration to keep the treated water *** project was possible because we had the support of the Morelia Sanitation Department.

关键词： secondary treatment advanced oxidation heterogeneous photo catalysis “in line”coagulation nitrogen compound reduction.

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Health Risks of Trace Metals in Wastewater-Fed Fishes:A Case Study

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Journal of Metallic Material Research 2019年第1期2卷 5-9页

作者： Aslihan Katip Bursa Uludag University Faculty of EngineeringDepartment of Environmental Engineering16059BursaTurkey

In this study,the usage wastewater from secondary treatment in feeding fishes of Carassius gibelio species and suitability of the fishes for human food were *** metals(Ag,Al,As and B)in treated effluent and skeleton,skin,eyes and brain tissues of fishes were examined *** was found that treated effluent was not suitable for irrigation and aquaculture in terms of Al according to the Turkish standard *** to annual averages the size order of Ag and B concentrations were skeleton>skin>eyes>brain and skeleton>skin>brain>eye ***,skin>brain>eyes>skeleton was for As and ***(Transfer Factor)values of all metals examined were determined as>1 in the four tissues and the metals caused bioaccumulation because of treated *** in muscles were found 7 to 6227 times higher than in *** size order of TF and BCF(Bio-concentration Factor)values in skin and eye tissue were the same and it was Ag>Al>As>*** was Ag>Al>As>B in skeleton,Al>As>Ag>B in ***(Hazard Quotient)of Al in all tissues had carcinogenic risk level.

关键词： Aquaculture Bioaccumulation Bio-concentration Factor secondary treatment Transfer factor

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