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Climatology and seasonal variability of satellite-derived chlorophyll a around the Shandong Peninsula

Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 2021年第4期39卷 1222-1244页

作者： Xiukai SONG Yanzhen GU Fangguo ZHAI Peiliang LI Pengxia LIU Zizhou LIU Wenfan WU Yaozu CHEN Xiangyang JIANG Jianlong HE Shandong Marine Resources and Environment Research Institute Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Restoration for Marine EcologyYantai 264006China College of Oceanic and Atmospheric Sciences Ocean University of ChinaQingdao 266100China Institute of Physical Oceanography and Remote Sensing Ocean CollegeZhejiang UniversityZhoushan 316021China Hainan Institute of Zhejiang University Sanya 572025China

The chlorophyll a(Chl a)is an important indicator of marine *** spatiotemporal variation of the Chl a greatly aff ects the mariculture and marine ranching in coastal waters of the Shandong *** the current study,the climatology and seasonal variability of surface Chl-a concentration around the Shandong Peninsula are investigated based on 16 years(December 2002-November 2018)of satellite *** results indicate that the annual mean Chl-a concentration is greater in the Bohai Sea than in the Yellow Sea and decreases from coastal waters to off shore *** highest Chl-a concentrations are found in Laizhou Bay(4.2-8.0 mg/m^(3)),Haizhou Bay(4.2-5.9 mg/m^(3))and the northeast coast of the Shandong Peninsula(4.4-5.0 mg/m^(3)),resulting from the combined eff ects of the intense riverine input and long residence time caused by the concave shape of the *** seasonal Chl-a concentration shows a significant spatial *** Chl-a concentrations in these three subregions generally exhibit an annual maximum in August/September,due to the combined eff ects of sea surface temperature,river discharge and sea surface *** the southeast coast region,however,the Chl-a concentration is lowest throughout the year and reaches a maximum in February with a minimum in July,forced by the seasonal evolution of the Yellow Sea Cold Water and monsoon *** interannual Chl-a concentration trends vary among regions and *** are significant increasing trends over a large area around Haizhou Bay from winter to summer,which are mainly caused by the rising sea surface temperature and *** other coastal areas,the Chl-a concentration shows decreasing trends,which are clearest in summer and induced by the weakening land *** study highlights the differences in the Chl-a dynamics among regions around the Shandong Peninsula and is helpful for further studies of coupled physical-ecological-human interactions at multiple scal

关键词： chlorophyll-a concentration Shandong Peninsula climatology seasonal variability Yellow Sea Cold Water

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CO_2 flux and seasonal variability in the turbidity maximum zone and surrounding area in the Changjiang River estuary

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Chinese Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 2015年第1期33卷 222-232页

作者：李学刚宋金明袁华茂李宁段丽琴曲宝晓 Institute of Oceanography Chinese Academy of Sciences

The turbidity maximum zone(TMZ) is one of the most important regions in an ***,the high concentration of suspended material makes it difficult to measure the partial pressure of CO_2(pCO_2) in these ***,very little data is available on the pCO_2 levels in *** relatively accurately evaluate the CO_2 flux in an example estuary,we studied the TMZ and surrounding area in the Changjiang(Yangtze) River *** seasonal cruises during February,August,November 2010,and May 2012,the pCO_2 in the TMZ and surrounding area was calculated from pH and total alkalinity(TA)measured in situ,from which the CO_2 flux was ***,the TMZ and surrounding area acted as a source of atmosphere CO_2 in February and November,and as a sink in May and *** average FCO_2was-9,-16,5,and 5 mmol/(m^2·d) in May,August,November,and February,*** TMZ's role as a source or sink of atmosphere CO_2 was quite different to the outer *** the TMZ and surrounding area,suspended matter,phytoplankton,and pH were the main factors controlling the FCO_2,but here the influence of temperature,salinity,and total alkalinity on the FCO_2 was *** carbon decomposition in suspended matter was the main reason for the region acting as a CO_2 source in winter,and phytoplankton production was the main reason the region was a CO_2 sink in summer.

关键词： CO2 flux seasonal variability turbidity maximum zone Changjiang River estuary

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Surface current field and seasonal variability in the Kuroshio and adjacent regions derived from satellite-tracked drifter data

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2008年第3期27卷 11-29页

作者： HU Xiaomin XIONG Xuejun QIAO Fangli GUO Binghuo LIN Xiaopei College of Physcial and Environmental Oceanography Ocean University of China Qingdao 266003 China Key Laboratory of Marine Science and Numerical Modeling of State Oceanic Administration First Institute of Oceanography State Oceanic Administration Qingdao 266061 China

The muhiyear averaged surface current field and seasonal variability in the Kuroshio and adjacent regions are studied. The data used are trajectories and （1/4） ° latitude by （1/4） ° longitude mean currents derived from 323 Argos drifters deployed by Chinese institutions and world ocean circulation experiment from 1979 to 2003. The results show that the Kuroshio surface path adapts well to the western boundary topography and exhibits six great turnings. The branching occurs frequently near anticyclonic turnings rather than near cyclonic ones. In the Luzon Strait, the surface water intrusion into the South China Sea occurs only in fall and winter. The Kuroshio surface path east of Taiwan, China appears nearly as straight lines in summer, fall, and winter, when anticyclonic eddies coexist on its right side; while the path may cyclonically turning in spring when no eddy exists. The Kuroshio intrusion northeast of Taiwan often occurs in fall and winter, but not in summer. The running direction, width and velocity of the middle segment of the Kuroshio surface currents in the East China Sea vary seasonally. The northward intrusion of the Kuroshio surface water southwest of Kyushu occurs in spring and fall, but not in summer. The northmost position of the Kuroshio surface path southwest of Kyushu occurs in fall, but never goes beyond 31 °N. The northward surface current east of the Ryukyu Islands exists only along Okinawa-Amami Islands from spring to fall. In particular, it appears as an arm of an anti- cyclonic eddy in fall.

关键词： Kuroshio surface current field satellite-tracked surface drifter seasonal variability

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An improved method for evaluating the seasonal variability of total suspended sediment flux field in the Yellow and East China Seas

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International Journal of Sediment Research 2011年第1期26卷 1-14页

The suspended sediment flux field in the Yellow and East China Seas(YECS) displays its seasonal variability.A new method is introduced in this paper to obtain the flux field via retrieval of ocean color remote sensing data,statistical analysis of historical suspended sediment concentration data,and numerical simulation of three-dimensional(3D) flow *** components of the sediment flux field include(i) surface suspended sediment concentration inverted from ocean color remote sensing data;(ii) vertical distribution of suspended sediment concentration obtained by statistical analysis of historical observation data;and(iii) 3D flow field modeled by a numerical *** the improved method,the 3D suspended sediment flux field in the YECS has been *** comparison with the suspended sediment flux field solely based on the numerical simulation of a suspended sediment transport model,the suspended sediment flux field obtained by the improved method is found to be more *** 3D suspended sediment flux field from ocean colour remote sensing and in situ observation are more closer to the ***,by quantitatively analyzing the newly obtained suspended sediment flux field,the quantity of sediment erosion and deposition within the different regions can be *** sediment exchange between the Yellow Sea and the East China Sea can be *** mechanism of suspended sediment transport in the YECS can be better *** particular,it is suggested that the long-term transport of suspended sediment is controlled mainly by the circulation pattern,especially the current in winter.

关键词： Suspended sediment flux field seasonal variability Yellow and East China Seas Regression equation Numerical simulation

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Circulation and its seasonal variability in region around the Kerguelen Plateau

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2002年第1期21卷 1-17页

作者：史久新乐肯堂 Byung Ho Choi Institute of Oceanology Chinese Academy of Sciences Qingdao 266071 ChinaFirst Institute of Oceanography State Oceanic Administration Qingdao 266061 China Institute of Oceanology Chinese Academy of Sciences Qingdao 266071 China Sung Kyun Kwan University Suwon 440- 746 Korea

A coupled ice-ocean isopycnal numerical model of the Southern Ocean is established tostudy the circulation and its seasonal variability in the region around the Kerguelen Plateau. An analysis of the simulated results shows significant stripe-like structure and non-zonal feature of the Antarctic Cir-cumpolar Current (ACC) in this region. ACC begins to bifurcate and to turn its direction before meeting the plateau. The southernmost branch of ACC is near to the Antarctic coast and displays its strong interaction with the westward Antarctic Slope Current. The northern branch of ACC has a tendency of annual variations while the southern one varies in a semiannual cycle. The variation phases of both branches are coincident with that of the wind stress in this region.

关键词： Circulation seasonal variability the Southern Ocean

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seasonal variability in the Kuroshio Extension Current System

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Journal of Ocean University of Qingdao 2003年第2期2卷 129-133页

作者： LAN Jian, XU Long, GUO PeifangPhysical Oceanography Laboratory, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, P.R.China Physical Oceanography Laboratory Ocean University of China Qingdao 266003 P.R. China

Based on the GDEM hydrographic data with a resolution of 0.5°× 0.5°, the current system (Kuroshio south of Japan and Kuroshio Extension east of Japan) is determined by using the P-Vector Method, and its seasonal variability is investigated. The Kuroshio Meander south of Japan, the two lee-wave meanders in the Kuroshio Extension and the bifurcation of the Kuroshio Extension are properly presented. The path of the Kuroshio Meander, the position of the second (east) meander in the Kuroshio Extension and the bifurcation of the Kuroshio Extension display evident seasonal variation.

关键词： Kuroshio Extension current seasonal variability Generalized Digital Environmental Model (GDEM)

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Inter-comparison of seasonal variability and nonlinear trend between AERONET aerosol optical depth and PM10 mass concentrations in Hong Kong

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Science China Earth Sciences 2014年第4期57卷 2606-2615页

作者： HE JingJing ZHANG Min CHEN XianYao WANG Meng Key Laboratory of Data Analysis and Applications State Oceanic Administration the First Institute of OceanographyState Oceanic Administration

Here we used Empirical Mode Decomposition （EMD） method to study seasonal variability and nonlinear trend of corrected AERONET Aerosol Optical Depth （AOD/Hi） and corrected PM10 mass concentrations （PMmxf（RH）） in Hong Kong during 2005-2011. AODPrli is highly correlated with PMI0xf（RH） in semi-annual and annual time scales （with correlation coefficient 0.67 for semi-annual and 0.79 for annual components, 95% confidence interval）. On the semi-annual scale, both AOD/Hi and PM10xf（RH） can capture the two maxima in March and October, respectively, with much stronger amplitude in March proba- bly due to the long-range transport of dust storm. On the annual cycle, the AOD/Hi and PMI0xf（RH）, which are negatively correlated with the precipitation and solar radiation, vary coherently with the maxima in February. This annual peak occurs about one month earlier than the first peak of the semi-annual variability in March, but with only half amplitude. During 2005-2011, both AOD/Hi and PM10xf（RH） exhibit the pronounced decreasing trend with the mean rate of 14 gg m-3 per year for PM10xf（RH）, which reflects the significant effects of the air pollution control policy in Hong Kong during the past decade. The nonlinear trend analysis indicates that the decreasing of PM10xf（RH） is slower than that of AOD/Hi when the AOD/Hi is less than 0.44 but becomes faster when the AOD/Hi exceeds 0.44. These results illustrate that the AERONET AOD can be used quantitatively to estimate local air-quality variability on the semi-annual, annual, and long-term trend time scales.

关键词： PM10 aerosol optical depth (AOD) empirical mode decomposition (EMD) seasonal variability nonlinear trend

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Structure and seasonal variability of fronts in the Southeast Indian Ocean along sections from Fremantle, Australia to Antarctic Zhongshan Station

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Advances in Polar Science 2016年第1期27卷 39-47页

作者： YANG Wei GAO Libao LI Ruixiang LIU Changjian YAN Jinhui South China Sea Marine Survey and Technology Center State Oceanic Administration Guangzhou 510300 China State Key Laboratory of Tropical Oceanography South China Sea Institute of Oceanology Chinese Academy of Sciences Guangzhou 510301 China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China First Institute of Oceanography State Oceanic Administration Qingdao 266061 China

Four sections of expendable conductivity-temperature-depth （XCTD） profiles from Fremantle, Australia to Antarctic Zhongshan Station and Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer-Aquarius （MODIS-A） sea surface temperature （SST） products were used to study the structure and seasonal variability of Southeast Indian Ocean fronts. Water mass analysis showed that surface water masses in the Southeast Indian Ocean were less salty in March than in November. Compared with November, the subtropical front （STF） moved southward about one degree of latitude in March, whereas seasonal variability of the subantarctic front （SAF） and polar front （PF） locations was not obvious. In March, the saline front moved northward about two degrees of latitude relative to the thermal front in the upper 100 m at the SAF, which was the northern boundary of sub- Antarctic surface water （SASW）. Analysis of climatological SST gradients from the satellite data showed that regions of enhanced sea surface temperature （SST） gradients were collocated with frontal locations identified with the XCTD data using water mass criteria. The surface expression of the PF identified by the SST gradient was further south by about one degree of latitude relative to the subsurface expression of the PF identified by the northern boundary of cold water.

关键词： Southeast Indian Ocean ocean fronts XCTD satellite sea surface temperature seasonal variability

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The Predictability Limit of Oceanic Mesoscale Eddy Tracks in the South China Sea

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2024年第9期41卷 1661-1679页

作者： Hailong LIU Pingxiang CHU Yao MENG Mengrong DING Pengfei LIN Ruiqiang DING Pengfei WANG Weipeng ZHENG LASG Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China Laoshan Laboratory Qingdao 266237China College of Earth and Planetary Sciences University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China Marine Science and Technology College Zhejiang Ocean UniversityZhoushan 316022China State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology Beijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100872China Center for Monsoon System Research(CMSR) Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China

Employing the nonlinear local Lyapunov exponent (NLLE) technique, this study assesses the quantitative predictability limit of oceanic mesoscale eddy (OME) tracks utilizing three eddy datasets for both annual and seasonal means. Our findings reveal a discernible predictability limit of approximately 39 days for cyclonic eddies (CEs) and 44 days for anticyclonic eddies (AEs) within the South China Sea (SCS). The predictability limit is related to the OME properties and seasons. The long-lived, large-amplitude, and large-radius OMEs tend to have a higher predictability limit. The predictability limit of AE (CE) tracks is highest in autumn (winter) with 52 (53) days and lowest in spring (summer) with 40 (30) days. The spatial distribution of the predictability limit of OME tracks also has seasonal variations, further finding that the area of higher predictability limits often overlaps with periodic OMEs. Additionally, the predictability limit of periodic OME tracks is about 49 days for both CEs and AEs, which is 5-10 days higher than the mean values. Usually, in the SCS, OMEs characterized by high predictability limit values exhibit more extended and smoother trajectories and often move along the northern slope of the SCS.

关键词： predictability mesoscale eddy nonlinear local Lyapunov exponent South China Sea seasonal variability

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Revisiting the seasonal wave height variability in the South China Sea with merged satellite altimetry observations

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2017年第11期36卷 38-50页

作者： SU Hui WEI Chunlei JIANG Shaocai LI Peiliang ZHAI Fangguo Central Marine Environmental Monitoring Station of Xiamen East China Sea BranchState Oceanic Administration Beihai Marine Environmental Monitoring Center South China Sea BranchState Oceanic Administration College of Oceanic and Atmospheric Sciences Ocean University of China

The seasonal variability of the significant wave height（SWH） in the South China Sea（SCS） is investigated using the most up-to-date gridded daily altimeter data for the period of September 2009 to August 2015. The results indicate that the SWH shows a uniform seasonal variation in the whole SCS, with its maxima occurring in December/January and minima in May. Throughout the year, the SWH in the SCS is the largest around Luzon Strait（LS） and then gradually decreases southward across the basin. The surface wind speed has a similar seasonal variation, but with different spatial distributions in most months of the year. Further analysis indicates that the observed SWH variations are dominated by swell. The wind sea height, however, is much smaller. It is the the largest in two regions southwest of Taiwan Island and southeast of Vietnam Coast during the northeasterly monsoon, while the largest in the central/southern SCS during the southwesterly monsoon. The extreme wave condition also experiences a significant seasonal variation. In most regions of the northern and central SCS, the maxima of the 99 th percentile SWH that are larger than the SWH theoretically calculated with the wind speed for the fully developed seas mainly appear in August–November, closely related to strong tropical cyclone *** with previous studies, it is also implied that the wave climate in the Pacific Ocean plays an important role in the wave climate variations in the SCS.

关键词： significant wave height seasonal variability South China Sea satellite observations

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