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Occupational,physical,sexual and mental health and violence among migrant and trafficked commercial fishers and seafarers from the Greater Mekong Subregion(GMS):systematic review

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Global Health Research and Policy 2018年第1期3卷 89-101页

作者： Nicola S.Pocock Long Hoang Nguyen Don Eliseo Lucero-Prisno III Cathy Zimmerman SiânOram Department of Global Health and Development Faculty of Public Health and Policy15-17 Tavistock PlaceLondon WC1H 9SHUK United Nations University International Institute of Global Health UKM Medical CentreJalan Yaacob LatifBandar Tun Razak56000 CherasKuala LumpurMalaysia School of Medicine and Pharmacy Vietnam National UniversityNo.144 Xuan Thuy StreetCau Giay districtHanoiVietnam Department of Public Health Emerging and Interdisciplinary Sciences Building(ES)South CampusXi′an Jiaotong-Liverpool University111 Ren′ai RoadSuzhou Dushu Lake Science and Education Innovation DistrictSuzhou Industrial ParkSuzhou 215123People’s Republic of China Section of Women’s Mental Health Institute of PsychiatryPsychology and Neuroscience16 De Crespigny ParkKings College LondonLondon SE58AFUK

Background:Little is known about the health of GMS commercial fishers and seafarers,many of whom are migrants and some *** systematic review summarizes evidence on occupational,physical,sexual and mental health and violence among GMS commercial fishers/***:We searched 5 electronic databases and purposively searched grey *** or qualitative studies reporting prevalence or risk of relevant outcomes were *** reviewers independently screened *** were extracted on nationality and long/short-haul fishing where ***:We identified 33 eligible papers from 27 *** fishers/seafarers were included in n=12/13 grey literature and n=1/20 peer-reviewed *** peer-reviewed papers:11 focused on HIV/AIDS/sexual health;nine on occupational/physical health;one study included mental health of trafficked *** was quantitatively measured in eight papers with prevalence of:11-26%in port convenience samples;68-100%in post-trafficking service *** fishers/seafarers whether trafficked or not worked extremely long hours;trafficked long-haul fishers had very limited access to care following injuries or ***-known risks reported among fishers included penile oil injections and *** found just one work safety intervention study and inconclusive evidence for differences in the outcomes by *** are limited by methodological weaknesses of primary ***:Results show an absence of high-quality epidemiological studies beyond sexual *** and pilot intervention research on occupational,physical and mental health among GMS commercial fishers and seafarers is *** studies should include questions about violence and *** and reporting standards of grey literature should be improved.

关键词： Migrant fishermen Human trafficking seafarers Migrant workers

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seafarers＇ Current Awareness, Knowledge, Motivation and Ideas towards Low Carbon-Energy Efficient Operations

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Journal of Shipping and Ocean Engineering 2014年第3期4卷 93-109页

作者： Charlotte Banks Osman Turan Atilla Incecik Iraklis Lazakis Ruihua Lu Department of Naval Architecture Ocean and Marine Engineering University of Strathclyde Glasgow G40LZ UK

International and national concern about detrimental climate change has generated pressure for the shipping industry to play its＇ role in reducing the 3.3% of global carbon emission it emits. On the 1st January, 2013, the IMO （International Maritime Organisation） enforced regulations to support the reduction of shipping carbon emissions by improving energy efficiency. These measures directly and indirectly affect the daily operations of seafarers and onshore performance and managerial personnel. Whilst the industry has made efforts to raise the awareness of many stakeholders and research has been undertaken to investigate energy efficiency barriers, little has been done to capture the opinions, needs and knowledge of seafarers. A questionnaire was distributed in the last quarter of 2011 to investigate seafarers＇ awareness, knowledge and motivation towards carbon emissions in general and towards shipping carbon emissions. It also investigated opinions as to which personnel have the most influence over carbon reductions and what are the most important operational improvements that can be made. The authors have collected 317 questionnaire responses. The primary benefit of this study is to support the identification of an operational strategy to improve energy efficiency, including the development of LC-EE （low carbon-energy efficiency） MET （maritime education and training）, which is shown to be needed.

关键词： Low carbon energy efficiency maritime education and training awareness knowledge motivation seafarers

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Studies on the Weight Algorithm on seafarers＇ Competence Assessment Index

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Journal of Shipping and Ocean Engineering 2017年第1期7卷 26-29页

作者： LIU Jia-zhao Navigation Department Qingdao Ocean Shipping Mariners College Qingdao China

The purpose for seafarers＇ competence assessment is to evaluate the practical operational ability of the applicants and the weight of the index directly influences the accuracy of the assessment results. This paper takes the assessment of route making as an example, makes use of the analytic hierarchy process in determining the weight of the indexes to provide theoretical reference for the perfection of seafarers＇ competence assessment.

关键词： seafarers competence assessment weight algorithm analytic hierarchy.

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The Application of E-learning and Distance Learning Technologies to Crew Education and Training in the Russian Federation

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航海教育研究 2016年第4期33卷 41-46页

作者： A.Gorobtsov N.Kovalnogova S.Kurguzov V.Marich S.Sokolov Admiral Makarov State University of Maritime and Inland Shipping St.PetersburgRussian Federation

The article examines the world experience of e-learning as well as distance education technologies within the education process organization on higher and post-higher education *** have been listed the results of the most popular e-learning platforms ***,there have been looked through the core legislative background of the development of the mentioned technologies in Russia and worldwide among the universities,specialized in seafarers *** have been also drawn up the points of the Admiral Makarov State University of Maritime and Inland Shipping(Admiral Makarov SUMIS)design of the distance education system LMS"FARWATER"in compliance with the International Convention on Standards of Training,Certification and Watchkeeping for seafarers(STCW Convention).The practical application of distance education system to the advanced professional training has been discussed in the article.

关键词： e-leaming,distancelearningtechnologies,METInstitutions,advancededucationplatforms,distanceeducation system, seafarers training, International Convention on Standards of Training, Certification and Watchkeeping for seafarers

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Development, Dependency and HIV Risk in Kiribati

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World Journal of AIDS 2014年第2期4卷 232-241页

作者： Karen McMillan Heather Worth School of Public Health and Community Medicine University of New South Wales Sydney Australia

A study was undertaken in Kiribati, a small Pacific island nation, that has a low-level HIV epidemic but a high incidence of STIs among seafarers, their spouses (and children), and those involved in sex work. There are connections between development and dependency and HIV risk in Kiribati. Kiribati is a peripheral and dependent small island state underwritten by conditional aid and financial assistance and advice from donor countries, entwined in, and subject to, external globalising processes. We found two major factors related to Kiribati’s dependency engendered HIV risk. The first is Kiribati’s reliance on transnational seafaring. Long periods away from home, shipboard and port mateship cultures, and infrequent condom use in casual and paid sexual relations while in overseas ports, exacerbated by heavy alcohol use, have rendered i-Kiribati seafarers vulnerable to HIV. The second factor is related to the labour force participation of young women, which is extremely limited. In this context, some young i-Kiribati women choose to work on board, foreign fishing vessels selling sex. They stay with one client while on board a boat—for up to three months—and sex work is not only an economic transaction, but also emotional and affective labour. It is a pattern that makes consistent condom use problematic. Having multiple sequential seafarer partners may in fact generate considerable HIV vulnerability.

关键词： HIV Globalisation seafarers Sex Work Kiribati

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Experiences of Fatigue at Sea—A Comparative Study in European and Chinese Shipping Industry

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Journal of Biosciences and Medicines 2016年第3期4卷 65-68页

作者： Zhiwei Zhao Jorgen Riis Jepsen Zhonglong Chen Huanxin Wang seafarers Development International Research Centre Dalian Maritime University Dalian China Centre of Maritime Health and Society University of Southern Denmark Odense Denmark

Fatigue has negative impacts on the general working population as well as on seafarers. In order to study seafarers’ fatigue, a questionnaire-base survey was conducted to gain information about potential risk factors for fatigue and construct indexes indicating fatigue. The study applies T-test to compare strata of seafarers to analyse work and sleep patterns in global seafaring. Qualitative analysis are also employed to explore the impacts of fatigue on seafarer’s occupational health and safety.

关键词： Fatigue seafarers Work and Sleep Patterns T-Test Stepwise Regression Analysis

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