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Late Triassic sauropodomorph and Middle Jurassic theropod tracks from the Xichang Basin,Sichuan Province,southwestern China:First report of the ichnogenus Carmelopodus

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Journal of Palaeogeography 2018年第1期7卷 1-13页

作者： Li-Da Xing Jin Ba Martin G.Lockley Hendrik Klein 5heng-Wu Yon Anthony Romilio Chun-Yong Chou Vtl.Scott Persons IV State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology China University of GeosciencesBeijing 100083China School of Earth Sciences and Resources China University of GeosciencesBeijing 100083China State Key Laboratory of Palaeobiology and Stratigraphy Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology Chinese Academy of SciencesNanjing 210008Jiangsu ProvinceChina Sichuan Institute of Geological Survey Chengdu 610081Sichuan ProvinceChina Dinosaur Trackers Research Group University of Colorado DenverPO Box 173364DenverCO 80217USA Saurierwelt Palaontologisches Museum AlteRicht 7D-92318NeumarktGermany School of Biological Sciences The University of QueenslandBrisbaneQueensland 4072Australia Department of Biological Sciences University of Alberta116St &85AveEdmonton AB T6G 2R3Alberta Canada

Upper Triassic and Middle Jurassic strata of the Xichang Basin in Sichuan Province, southwestern China, yielded important dinosaur ichnofossils. From the Xujiahe Formation of the Yiguojiao tracksite, we report a Late Triassic footprint assemblage in China and the first discovery of diagnostic Triassic sauropodomorph tracks in this region. The tracks share a number of features in common with the ichnogenera Eosauropus(Late Triassic) and Liujianpus(Early Jurassic). The neighboring Bingtu tracksite is stratigraphically younger(Shaximiao Formation, Middle Jurassic) and preserves small tridactyl theropod tracks that represent the first occurrence of the ichnotaxon Carmelopodus in China and Asia. While these tracks are morphologically comparable to those from the Middle Jurassic type locality in North America, the specimens from China show the proximal margin of the digit IV impression in a more cranial position, which may indicate a trackmaker with a relatively short metatarsal IV. In addition to the skeletal record, the Carmelopodus footprints document the presence of small theropods in the dinosaur fauna of the Middle Jurassic Shaximiao Formation.

关键词： sauropodomorph Theropod Footprint Ichnofossil Upper Triassic Xujiahe Formation Middle Jurassic Shaximiao Formation Xichang Basin Sichuan Province

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Exceptional Early Jurassic fossils with leathery eggs shed light on dinosaur reproductive biology

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National Science Review 2024年第6期11卷 146-158页

作者： Fenglu Han Yilun Yu Shukang Zhang Rong Zeng Xinjin Wang Huiyang Cai Tianzhuang Wu Yingfeng Wen Sifu Cai Chun Li Rui Wu Qi Zhao Xing Xu School of Earth Sciences China University of Geosciences (Wuhan) Key Laboratory of Vertebrate Evolution and Human Origins Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and PaleoanthropologyChinese Academy of Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Guizhou Provincial Museum Guizhou Provincial Institute of Cultural Relics and Archaeology Pingba Institute of Cultural Relics Administration Centre for Vertebrate Evolutionary Biology Yunnan University

Our understanding of pre-Cretaceous dinosaur reproduction is hindered by a scarcity of evidence within fossil records. Here we report three adult skeletons and five clutches of embryo-containing eggs of a new sauropodomorph from the Lower Jurassic of southwestern China, displaying several significant reproductive features that are either unknown or unlike other early-diverging sauropodomorphs, such as relatively large eggs with a relatively thick calcareous shell formed by prominent mammillary cones, synchronous hatching and a transitional prehatching posture between the crocodilians and living birds. Most significantly,these Early Jurassic fossils provide strong evidence for the earliest known leathery eggs. Our comprehensive quantitative analyses demonstrate that the first dinosaur eggs were probably leathery, elliptical and relatively small, but with relatively long eggshell units, and that along the line to living birds, the most significant change in reptilian egg morphology occurred early in theropod evolution rather than near the origin of Aves.

关键词： dinosaur sauropodomorph Jurassic embryo egg evolution reproductive behavior

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Early Jurassic basal sauropodomorpha dominated tracks from Guizhou, China: Morphology, ethology, and paleoenvironment

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Geoscience Frontiers 2019年第1期10卷 229-240页

作者： Lida Xing Martin G. Lockley Dongjie Tang Hendrik Klein Guangzhao Peng Yong Ye Baoqiao Hao State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology China University of Geosciences School of Earth Sciences and Resources China University of Geosciences State Key Laboratory of Palaeobiology and Stratigraphy Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology Chinese Academy of Sciences Dinosaur Trackers Research Group CB 172 University of Colorado at Denver Saurierwelt Pal?ontologisches Museum Zigong Dinosaur Museum

The newly discovered large(350 m^2) Yantan dinosaur tracksite, in the Lower Jurassic Ziliujing Formation of Guizhou Province, China, reveals at least 250 footprints of which ~97 can be resolved into trackways of sauropodomorphs. All the trackways are sub parallel likely indicating gregarious behavior. One theropod track(cf. Grallator) was recorded. The sauropodomorph tracks predominantly represent quadrupedal progression(Morphotype A), and footprint morphology is similar to the ichnospecies Liujianpusshunan, characterized by outward pes rotation. Three trackways indicate bipedal progression, and two of these(Morphotype B) indicate inward pes rotation, accompanied by elongate pes digit scratch marks. For the latter phenomenon three possible scenarios are discussed:(1) significant rotation changes accompanying changes in gait,(2) swimming behavior,(3) formation of *** evidence indicates the tracks were made on a linguloid rippled, muddy, immature sandstone substrate characterized by significant differences in substrate consistency across the trackbearing surface. Microbially induced sedimentary structures(MISS) characterized by distinctive wrinkle marks indicate a stressed, probably semi-arid, paleoenvironment that was not conducive to habitation by invertebrate organisms. This is consistent with other evidence that Lower Jurassic sauropodomorph tracks are often associated with semi-arid paleoenvironments.

关键词： sauropodomorph tracks Ziliujing formation Lower Jurassic Guizhou Province

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Origin of postcranial skeletal pneumaticity in dinosaurs

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Integrative Zoology 2006年第2期1卷 80-85页

作者： Mathew J.WEDEL University of California Museum of Paleontology BerkeleyCaliforniaUSA

The sauropodomorph Thecodontosaurus caducus and theropod Coelophysis bauri are the earliest known dinosaurs with postcranial skeletal *** both taxa,postcranial pneumatic features are confined to the cervical *** distribution of pneumaticity in the skeleton is most consistent with pneumatization by diverticula of cervical air sacs similar to those of *** hypotheses,including pneumatization by diverticula of the lungs,larynx and trachea,or cranial air spaces,are less well-supported.

关键词： dinosaur pneumaticity sauropodomorph theropod Triassic

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