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Direct Process to Prepare Crystallized Freestanding Membranes of Hydroxyapatite Using sacrificial Layer of Barium-Compounds

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Journal of Crystallization Process and Technology 2017年第2期7卷 48-53页

作者： Hiroaki Nishikawa Takafumi Nishii Faculty of Biology-Oriented Science and Technology Kindai University Kinokawa Japan

Freestanding membrane (FSM) of hydroxyapatite (HA) is a thin sheet of pure HA without any supporting substrates. Our original preparation process of FSM of HA had three steps: The first was the deposition of HA layer on sacrificial layer of solvent-soluble materials, the second was separation of FSM of HA by means of dissolution of sacrificial layer, and the third was post-annealing to crystallize FSM of HA. To date, the post-annealing process was a serious bottleneck of productivity owing to its too long time. In this short report, we proposed a novel sacrificial layer, heatproof and water-soluble Ba-compound, which makes the direct deposition of crystallized HA possible due to its heatproof property because the problem on the original process was that the previous sacrificial layers have no heatproof property and HA layer should be deposited as amorphous. We can deposit the Ba-compound sacrificial layer only in 1 hour followed with the direct deposition of crystallized HA layer, substituting the 20 hours of post-annealing. The FSM of HA was separated successfully from the substrate by means of dissolution of Ba-compound with water. Our novel process can shrink the process time by 19 hours.

关键词： Freestanding Membrane Hydroxyapatite sacrificial Layer Ba-compounds

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Effects of Zinc Addition on the Performance of Aluminium as sacrificial Anode in Seawater

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Journal of Minerals and Materials Characterization and Engineering 2011年第2期10卷 185-198页

作者： A. Muazu S. A. Yaro Department of Mechanical Engineering Bayero University Kano Nigeria Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering Ahmadu Bello UniversityZaria Nigeria

In this work, the effect of zinc addition on the performance of aluminium-based sacrificial anode in seawater was investigated. The parameters used in assessing the performance of the cast anodes are anodic efficiency, protection efficiency and polarized potential. The percentages of Zn in the anodes were varied from 1 to 8%Zn. The alloys produced were tested as sacrificial anode for the protection of mild steel in seawater at room temperature. Current efficiency as high as 86.69% was achieved at 6%Zn in the alloys. The polarized potential obtained for the couples(steel/Al based alloys) are as given in the pourbaix diagrams with the steel lying within the immunity region/cathodic region ( S-0.5V SHE) and the sacrificial anodes within the anodic region. The protection offered by the sacrificial anodes to the steel after the 7th and 8th week were measured. Protection efficiency values as high as 99.26% and 99.13% were achieved after the 7th and 8th with Al-6%Zn. The microstructure showed the intermetallic structures of β-phase which breakdown the alumina passive film and thus enhancing the anode efficiency.

关键词： sacrificial anode anode efficiency protection efficiency polarized potential andanode mass requirement.

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Construction of highly-stable graphene hollow nanospheres and their application in supporting Pt as effective catalysts for oxygen reduction reaction

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Green Energy & Environment 2019年第3期4卷 245-253页

作者： Huaifang Zhang Jubing Zhang Kunhao Liu Yunqi Zhu Xiaoyu Qiu Dongmei Sun Yawen Tang Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Power Batteries Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Biomedical Functional Materials School of Chemistry and Materials Science Nanjing Normal University

The construction and surface modification of three-dimensional(3D) graphene structures have been recognized as effective ways to prepare high-performance graphene-based composites in energy-related applications. Herein, on the basis of well-defined morphology and efficient electron conduction, the 3D highly-stable graphene hollow nanospheres have been synthesized by using sacrificial template method. The asprepared 3D graphene nanospheres exhibit superior mechanical stability, electrochemical stability, and strong hydrophobicity, which may accelerate the emission of H2O in acidic medium-based ORR. Accordingly, the 3D highly-stable graphene nanospheres are used to confine tiny Pt nanoparticles(3Dr-GO@Pt HNSs) for ORR in acidic medium, exhibiting superior activity with 4-electron-transfered pathway. Meanwhile,dramatically improved durability are achieved in terms of both ORR mass activity and electrochemically surface area compared to those of commercial Pt/C.

关键词： sacrificial template method 3D r-GO nanospheres Highly-stable Hollow structure Oxygen reduction reaction

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A Review of Promising Electrocoagulation Technology for the Treatment of Wastewater

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Advances in Chemical Engineering and Science 2019年第1期9卷 109-126页

作者： Mervat A. Sadik October High Institute for Engineering & Technology Giza Egypt

A review of the literature published on topics interrelated to electrochemical treatment within wastewater by using sacrificial anodes was presented. Electrocoagulation (EC) is a technique used for water and has a great ability on various wastewater treatments, industrial processed water, and medical treatment. It has potential in removing various pollutants such as chemical oxygen demand turbidity, ammonia, color, and suspended solid. One of the most necessities industries is Textile industries which release large volumes of wastewater that contains different dyes. Azo dyes contain strong N = N bond which is not easily broken by conventional methods. The discharge of this type of wastewater to natural watercourse can pose serious environmental impacts to aquatic life. Electrocoagulation (EC) method depends on several factors as electrode material, current density, operation time and PH. The review describes, discusses and compares the types of that electrode influencing the EC process in various wastewater and leachate. Both operating costs and electrical energy consumption values were found to vary greatly depending on the type of electrodes material and solution being treated.

关键词： Wastewater Treatment Electrochemical Treatment Electrocoagulation sacrificial Anodes

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