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Micromechanism and mathematical model of stress sensitivity in tight reservoirs of binary granular medium

Petroleum Science 2024年第3期21卷 1780-1795页

作者： Jian-Bang Wu Sheng-Lai Yang Qiang Li Kun Yang Can Huang Dao-Ping Lv Wei Zhou State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources and Engineering China University of Petroleum(Beijing)Beijing2249China Laboratoire de G eologie Ecole Normale Sup erieure/CNRS UMR8538PSL Research UniversityParis75005France Research Institute of Exploration and Development Xinjiang Oilfield CompanyKaramay834000XinjiangChina

Research on reservoir rock stress sensitivity has traditionally focused on unary granular structures,neglecting the binary nature of real reservoirs,especially tight *** the stresssensitive behavior and mathematical characterization of binary granular media remains a challenging *** this study,we conducted online-NMR experiments to investigate the permeability and porosity evolution as well as stress-sensitive control mechanisms in tight sandy conglomerate *** results revealed stress sensitivity coefficients between 0.042 and 0.098 and permeability damage rates ranging from 65.6%to 90.9%,with an average pore compression coefficient of 0.0168—0.0208 MPa ***-scale compression occurred in three stages:filling,compression,and compaction,with matrix pores playing a dominant role in pore *** stress sensitivity of binary granular media was found to be influenced by the support structure and particle *** stress sensitivity was associated with small fine particle size,high fines content,high uniformity coefficient of particle size,high plastic deformation,and low Young's ***-supported samples exhibited a high irreversible permeability damage rate(average=74.2%)and stress sensitivity coefficients(average=0.089),with pore spaces more *** contrast,grain-supported samples showed low stress sensitivity coefficients(average=0.021)at high stress *** on the experiments,we developed a mathematical model for stress sensitivity in binary granular media,considering binary granular properties and nested interactions using Hertz contact deformation and Poiseuille *** describing the change in activity content of fines under stress,we characterized the non-stationary state of compressive deformation in the binary granular structure and classified the reservoir into three *** model was applied for production prediction using actual data from the Mahu reservoir in China,showing that the e

关键词： stress sensitivity Binary granular medium Tight reservoir Online-NMR Reservoir energy retention rate

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High-Precision Flow Numerical Simulation and Productivity Evaluation of Shale Oil Considering stress sensitivity

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Fluid Dynamics & Materials Processing 2024年第10期20卷 2281-2300页

作者： Mingjing Lu Qin Qian Anhai Zhong Feng Yang Wenjun He Min Li Petroleum Engineering Technology Research Institute of Shengli Oilfield SINOPECDongying257000China Postdoctoral Scientific Research Working Station of Shengli Oilfield SINOPECDongying257000China

Continental shale oil reservoirs,characterized by numerous bedding planes and micro-nano scale pores,feature significantly higher stress sensitivity compared to other types of ***,research on suitable stress sensitivity characterization models is still *** this study,three commonly used stress sensitivity models for shale oil reservoirs were considered,and experiments on representative core samples were *** fitting and comparing the data,the“exponential model”was identified as a characterization model that accurately represents stress sensitivity in continental shale oil *** validate the accuracy of the model,a two-phase seepage mathematical model for shale oil reservoirs coupled with the exponential model was *** model was discretely solved using the finite volume method,and its accuracy was verified through the commercial simulator *** study evaluated the productivity of a typical horizontal well under different engineering,geological,and fracture *** results indicate that considering stress sensitivity leads to a 13.57%reduction in production for the same matrix ***,as the fracture half-length and the number of fractures increase,and the bottomhole flowing pressure decreases,the reservoir stress sensitivity becomes higher.

关键词： Shale oil horizontal wells Embedded Discrete Fracture Model(EDFM) stress sensitivity numerical simulation sensitivity analysis

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stress sensitivity of coal reservoir and its impact on coalbed methane production in the southern Qinshui Basin, north China

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Frontiers of Earth Science 2023年第1期17卷 4-17页

作者： Huimin JIA Yidong CAI Qiujia HU Cong ZHANG Feng QIU Bin FAN Chonghao MAO CBM Exploration and Development Branch PetroChina Huabei Oilfeld CompanyChangzhi 046000China School of Energy Resources China University of GeosciencesBeijing 100083China

stress sensitivity has significant negative effects on the permeability and production of coalbed methane(CBM)*** effectively minimize these negative effects,the degree of stress sensitivity during the CBM production process should be carefully *** this work,the curvature of the stress-sensitivity curve was adopted to explore the degree of stress sensitivity,dividing the stress-sensitivity curve and the drainage process into five stress stages:sharp decrease,rapid decrease,low-speed decrease,slower decrease and harmless with four critical stress points—transition,sensitivity,relief and *** actual stages were determined by the initial permeability,stress-sensitivity coefficient and difference between the reservoir pressure and desorption *** four critical stress points did not completely exist in the stress-sensitivity *** an increase in the initial permeability of coal,the number of existing critical stresses increases,leading to different gas-water drainage strategies for CBM *** reservoirs with a certain stress-sensitivity coefficient,the permeability at the sensitive stress point was successively greater than that at the transition,relief and the harmless *** the stress-sensitivity coefficient is different,the stage is different at the beginning of drainage,and with an increase in the stress-sensitivity coefficient,the decrease rate of the permeability ***,the stress-sensitivity coefficient determines the ability to maintain stable CBM *** well-fractured CBM reservoirs,with a high stress-sensitivity coefficient,permeability damage mainly occurs when the reservoir pressure is less than the relief stress;therefore,the depressurization rate should be *** CBM reservoirs with fewer natural fractures,the reverse applies,and the depressurization rate can be much *** higher the difference between the reservoir and desorption pressures,the higher the effective stress and perme

关键词： coalbed methane stress sensitivity curvature stages division drainage

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stress sensitivity of carbonate gas reservoirs and its microscopic mechanism

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Petroleum Exploration and Development 2023年第1期50卷 166-174页

作者： CHENG Youyou GUO Chunqiu CHEN Pengyu SHI Haidong TAN Chengqian CHENG Muwei XING Yuzhong LUO Xiang School of Earth Sciences and Engineering Xi’an Shiyou UniversityXi’an 710065China Shaanxi Key Lab of Petroleum Accumulation Geology Xi’an 710065China PetroChina Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration&Development Beijing 100083China CNPC International(Turkmenistan) Ashgabat 744000Turkmenistan

In order to evaluate the stress sensitivity of carbonate reservoirs,a series of rock stress sensitivity tests were carried out under in-situ formation temperature and stress *** on the calibration of capillary pressure curve,the variable fractal dimension was introduced to establish the conversion formula between relaxation time and pore *** using the nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR)method,the pore volume loss caused by stress sensitivity within different scales of pore throat was quantitatively analyzed,and the microscopic mechanism of stress sensitivity of carbonate gas reservoirs was *** results show that fractures can significantly affect the stress sensitivity of carbonate *** the increase of initial permeability,the stress sensitivity coefficient decreases and then increases for porous reservoirs,but increases monotonously for fractured-porous *** pore volume loss caused by stress sensitivity mainly occurs for mesopores(0.02–0.50μm),contributing more than 50%of the total volume *** high-angle fracture contributes 9.6%of the stress sensitivity and 15.7%of the irreversible *** microscopic mechanism of the stress sensitivity of carbonate gas reservoirs can be concluded as fracture closure,elastic contraction of pores and plastic deformation of rock skeleton.

关键词： carbonate gas reservoir stress sensitivity NMR fractal dimension pore structure microscopic mechanism

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stress sensitivity of coal samples in terms of anisotropy

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Journal of Coal Science & Engineering(China) 2013年第2期19卷 203-209页

作者： Jun-Jian WANG Da-Zhen TANG Hao XU Jie YI Yan-Jing YI School of Energy Resources China University of Geosciences (Beijing) Beijing 100083 China School of Petroleum Engineering China University of Petroleum (Beijing) Beijing 102249 China Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration & Development Beijing 100083 China

The permeability and porosity of coal seams are anisotropic, and the variation of confining stress may induce deformation in coal samples. In order to study these characteristics, experiments and model analyses were conducted to understand the behaviors of anisotropic stress sensitivity of lean coal samples. The results showed as the closure of cleats and the generation of micro-cracks, the strong stress sensitivity of coal samples and the discrete changes in porosity were caused by confining pressure changes. In the compression period, the anisotropy trend first increased, and then decreased. In the direction perpendicular to the bedding plane, the permeability decrease rate and the irreversible damage rate were the highest. In the direction parallel to the cleats, permeability recovery rate was higher and the irreversible damage rate was lower along butt cleats. Compared to the cube root of permeability to porosity, a 1/6 power relationship was proved to be closer to the experiment results, the new relationship had the highest fit level in the face cleat direction, and the lowest fit level in the vertical direction

关键词： coal anisotropy stress sensitivity permeability porosity

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Effect of stress sensitivity on displacement efficiency in CO_2 flooding for fractured low permeability reservoirs

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Petroleum Science 2009年第3期6卷 277-283页

作者： Wang Rui Yue Xiang＇an Zhao Renbao Yan Pingxiang Dave Freeman Key Laboratory of Petroleum Engineering Ministry of Education China University of Petroleum Beijing 102249 China SINOPEC Exploration ＆ Production Research Institute Beijing 100083 China China Power Complete Equipment Co. Ltd. Beijing 100011 China Edwy R. Brown Department of Petroleum Engineering Marietta College U.S.A.

Carbon dioxide flooding is an effective means of enhanced oil recovery for low permeability reservoirs. If fractures are present in the reservoir, CO2 may flow along the fractures, resulting in low gas displacement efficiency. Reservoir pore pressure will fluctuate to some extent during a CO2 flood, causing a change in effective confining pressure. The result is rock deformation and a reduction in permeability with the reduction in fracture permeability, causing increased flow resistance in the fracture space. Simultaneously, gas cross flowing along the fractures is partially restrained. In this work, the effect of stress changes on permeability was studied through a series of flow experiments. The change in the flowrate distribution in a matrix block and contained fracture with an increase in effective pressure were analyzed. The results lead to an implicit comparison which shows that permeability of fractured core decreases sharply with an increase in effective confining pressure. The fracture flowrate ratio declines and the matrix flowrate ratio increases. Fracture flow will partially divert to the matrix block with the increase in effective confining pressure, improving gas displacement efficiency.

关键词： stress sensitivity flowrate distribution matrix fracture CO2 flooding displacement efficiency

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A Reasonable Approach for the Development of Shale Gas Wells with Consideration of the stress sensitivity

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Fluid Dynamics & Materials Processing 2019年第1期15卷 39-51页

作者： Jin Pang Di Luo Haohong Gao Jie Liang Yuanyuan Huang Qi Liu Chongqing University of Science and Technology ChongqingChina Shunan Gas Production Plant PetroChina Southwest Oil&Gasfield CompanyLuzhouChina Southwest Gas Production Plant PetroChina Zhejiang Oilfield BranchYibinChina Linpan Drilling Branch Sinopec Southwest Petroleum Engineering Co.Ltd.LinpanChina

High-pressure deep shale gas reservoirs are usually highly *** the reasonable production mode of shale gas well is built,the impact of strong stress sensitivity should be fully ***,this study calculated the relationship between permeability and formation pressure under different elastic modulus based on the shale lithology of Long Ma Xi formation in Sichuan Basin by testing and analysing the mechanical parameters of the *** to numerical simulation result,when the elastic modulus exceeds 14.0 GPa,the stress sensitivity of the matrix will slight affect the cumulative gas production of shale ***,the changing relation between fracture conductivity and permeability with fracture pressure and the time of pressure acts were experimentally *** numerical simulation result suggested that the 30-year cumulative gas production considering the stress sensitivity was reduced by 13.5%compared with the 30-year cumulative gas production without considering the stress ***,the production of different production modes under different stress sensitive characteristics was predicted using numerical simulation *** the matrix and fractures are fixed with a same stress-sensitive curve,the initial production allocation will not significantly impact the cumulative gas *** the fractured fractures are subjected to a varying stress sensitive curve,the lower production allocation will result in higher post-production and cumulative gas production.

关键词： Shale stress sensitivity production mode production allocation fractures matrix

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A semi-analytical model for coupled flow in stress-sensitive multi-scale shale reservoirs with fractal characteristics

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Petroleum Science 2024年第1期21卷 327-342页

作者： Qian Zhang Wen-Dong Wang Yu-Liang Su Wei Chen Zheng-Dong Lei Lei Li Yong-Mao Hao Key Laboratory of Unconventional Oil&Gas Development(China University of Petroleum(East China)) Ministry of EducationQingdao266580ShandongChina School of Petroleum Engineering China University of Petroleum(East China)Qingdao266580ShandongChina Shale Oil Development Branch Changqing Oilfield CompanyPetroChinaQingyang745708GansuChina PetroChina Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration&Development Beijing100083China

A large number of nanopores and complex fracture structures in shale reservoirs results in multi-scale flow of oil. With the development of shale oil reservoirs, the permeability of multi-scale media undergoes changes due to stress sensitivity, which plays a crucial role in controlling pressure propagation and oil flow. This paper proposes a multi-scale coupled flow mathematical model of matrix nanopores, induced fractures, and hydraulic fractures. In this model, the micro-scale effects of shale oil flow in fractal nanopores, fractal induced fracture network, and stress sensitivity of multi-scale media are considered. We solved the model iteratively using Pedrosa transform, semi-analytic Segmented Bessel function, Laplace transform. The results of this model exhibit good agreement with the numerical solution and field production data, confirming the high accuracy of the model. As well, the influence of stress sensitivity on permeability, pressure and production is analyzed. It is shown that the permeability and production decrease significantly when induced fractures are weakly supported. Closed induced fractures can inhibit interporosity flow in the stimulated reservoir volume (SRV). It has been shown in sensitivity analysis that hydraulic fractures are beneficial to early production, and induced fractures in SRV are beneficial to middle production. The model can characterize multi-scale flow characteristics of shale oil, providing theoretical guidance for rapid productivity evaluation.

关键词： Multi-scale coupled flow stress sensitivity Shale oil Micro-scale effect Fractal theory

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High-pressure capacity expansion and water injection mechanism and indicator curve model for fractured-vuggy carbonate reservoirs

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PETROLEUM 2024年第3期10卷 511-519页

作者： Chen, Lixin Jia, Chengzao Zhang, Rujie Yue, Ping Jiang, Xujian Wang, Junfang Su, Zhou Xiao, Yun Lv, Yuan China Univ Petr Inst Unconvent Oil & Gas Sci & Technol Beijing 102249 Peoples R China Southwest Petr Univ State Key Lab Reservoir Geol & Dev Chengdu 610500 Peoples R China Tarim Oil field Co PetroChina Korla 841000 Peoples R China

Water injection for oil displacement is one of the most effective ways to develop fractured-vuggy carbonate reservoirs. With the increase in the number of rounds of water injection, the development effect gradually fails. The emergence of high-pressure capacity expansion and water injection technology allows increased production from old wells. Although high-pressure capacity expansion and water injection technology has been implemented in practice for nearly 10 years in fractured-vuggy reservoirs, its mechanism remains unclear, and the water injection curve is not apparent. In the past, evaluating its effect could only be done by measuring the injection-production volume. In this study, we analyze the mechanism of high-pressure capacity expansion and water injection. We propose a fluid exchange index for high-pressure capacity expansion and water injection and establish a discrete model suitable for high-pressure capacity expansion and water injection curves in fractured-vuggy reservoirs. We propose the following mechanisms: replenishing energy, increasing energy, replacing energy, and releasing energy. The above mechanisms can be identified by the high-pressure capacity expansion and water injection curve of the well HA6X in the Halahatang Oilfield in the Tarim Basin. By solving the basic model, the relative errors of Reservoirs I and II are found to be 1.9% and 1.5%, respectively, and the application of field examples demonstrates that our proposed high-pressure capacity expansion and water injection indicator curve is reasonable and reliable. This research can provide theoretical support for high-pressure capacity expansion and water injection technology in fracture-vuggy carbonate reservoirs.

关键词： Fractured-vuggy carbonate reservoirs High-pressure capacity expansion and water injection Mechanism Water injection indicator curve ENHANCED OIL-RECOVERY stress sensitivity TARIM BASIN FIELD

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Impact of effective stress on permeability for carbonate fractured-vuggy rocks

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Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2024年第3期16卷 942-960页

作者： Ke Sun Huiqing Liu Juliana Y.Leung Jing Wang Yabin Feng Renjie Liu Zhijiang Kang Yun Zhang State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources and Prospecting China University of PetroleumBeijing102249China School of Mining&Petroleum Engineering University of AlbertaEdmontonT6G 1H9Canada SINOPEC Petroleum Exploration and Production Research Institute Beijing100083China

To gain insight into the flow mechanisms and stress sensitivity for fractured-vuggy reservoirs,several core models with different structural characteristics were designed and fabricated to investigate the impact of effective stress on permeability for carbonate fractured-vuggy rocks(CFVR).It shows that the permeability performance curves under different pore and confining pressures(*** stress conditions)for the fractured core models and the vuggy core models have similar change *** ranges of permeability variation are significantly wider at high pore pressures,indicating that permeability reduction is the most significant during the early stage of development for fractured-vuggy *** each obtained effective stress coefficient for permeability(ESCP)varies with the changes in confining pressure and pore pressure,the effective stresses for permeability of four representative CFVR show obvious nonlinear characteristics,and the variation ranges of ESCP are all between 0 and ***,a comprehensive ESCP mathematical model considering triple media,including matrix pores,fractures,and dissolved vugs,was *** is proved theoretically that the ESCP of CFVR generally varies between 0 and ***,the regression results showed that the power model ranked highest among the four empirical models mainly applied in stress sensitivity characterization,followed by the logarithmic model,exponential model,and binomial *** concept of“permeability decline rate”was introduced to better evaluate the stress sensitivity performance for CFVR,in which the one-fracture rock is the strongest,followed by the fracture-vug rock and two-horizontalfracture rock;the through-hole rock is the *** general,this study provides a theoretical basis to guide the design of development and adjustment programs for carbonate fractured-vuggy reservoirs.

关键词： Effective stress Permeability Carbonate fractured-vuggy rocks Structure characteristics stress sensitivity

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