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stimulation impact of electric currents on heterotrophic denitrifying microbial viability and denitrification performance in high concentration nitrate-contaminated wastewater

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2019年第3期31卷 363-371页

作者： Shuang Tong Hengyuan Liu Chuanping Feng Nan Chen Yan Zhao Baocai Xu Jiamin Zhao Ming Zhu Beijing Key Laboratory of Meat Processing Technology China Meat Research Center School of Food and Chemical Engineering Beijing Technology and Business University School of Water Resources and Environment China University of Geosciences (Beijing)

Electric current stimulation has been shown to have a positive influence on heterotrophic denitrifying microbial viability and has the potential to improve wastewater denitrification performance. This study investigated the effects of varying current densities on microbial activity and NO_3^- removal efficiency under heterotrophic ***_3^-removal rate was highest at an applied current density of 400 mA/m^2. However, the optimum removal efficiency of total inorganic nitrogen(TIN; 99%) was achieved when the current density was fixed at 200 m A/m^2. Accumulation of NH_4^+-N and NO_2^--N byproducts were also minimized at this current density. The activity of heterotrophic denitrifying microorganisms was much higher at both 200 and 400 mA/m^2. Moreover, the average adenosine-5′-triphosphate(ATP)content(an indicator of cell metabolism) at a current density of 1600 mA/m^2 was lower than that under no current, indicating heterotrophic denitrifying microbial activity can be inhibited at high current densities. Hence, direct electrical stimulation on the activity of heterotrophic denitrifying microorganisms in the developed system should be lower than 1600 mA/m^2. This study improves the understanding of electric current influence on heterotrophic denitrifying microorganisms and promotes the intelligent application of direct electrical stimulation on wastewater treatment processes.

关键词： Direct electrical stimulation Nitrate removal Denitrification Heterotrophic microbial activity Current density Wastewater treatment

Transcranial Magneto-Acoustic stimulation Attenuates Synaptic Plasticity Impairment through the Activation of Piezo1 in Alzheimer’s Disease Mouse Model

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Research 2024年第1期2023卷 81-95页

作者： Fangxuan Chu Ruxin Tan Xin Wang Xiaoqing Zhou Ren Ma Xiaoxu Ma Ying Li Ruixu Liu Chunlan Zhang Xu Liu Tao Yin Zhipeng Liu Institute of Biomedical Engineering Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeTianjin300192China Tianjin Institutes of Health Science Tianjin301600China Neuroscience Center Chinese Academy of Medical Science&Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing100730China

The neuropathological features of Alzheimer’s disease include amyloid *** emerging evidence suggests that Piezo1,a mechanosensitive cation channel,plays a critical role in transforming ultrasound-related mechanical stimuli through its trimeric propeller-like structure,but the importance of Piezo1-mediated mechanotransduction in brain functions is less ***,apart from mechanical stimulation,Piezo1 channels are strongly modulated by *** assume that Piezo1 may play a role in converting mechanical and electrical signals,which could induce the phagocytosis and degradation of Aβ,and the combined effect of mechanical and electrical stimulation is superior to single mechanical ***,we design a transcranial magneto-acoustic stimulation(TMAS)system,based on transcranial ultrasound stimulation(TUS)within a magnetic field that combines a magnetoacoustic coupling effect electric field and the mechanical force of ultrasound,and applied it to test the above hypothesis in 5xFAD *** tests,in vivo electrophysiological recordings,Golgi–Cox staining,enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay,immunofluorescence,immunohistochemistry,real-time quantitative PCR,Western blotting,RNA sequencing,and cerebral blood flow monitoring were used to assess whether TMAS can alleviate the symptoms of AD mouse model by activating Piezo1.

关键词： stimulation Alzheimer Piezo1

Optically-generated focused ultrasound for noninvasive brain stimulation with ultrahigh precision

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Light(Science & Applications) 2022年第11期11卷 2817-2831页

作者： Yueming Li Ying Jiang Lu Lan Xiaowei Ge Ran Cheng Yuewei Zhan Guo Chen Linli Shi Runyu Wang Nan Zheng Chen Yang Ji-Xin Cheng Department of Mechanical Engineering Boston UniversityBostonMA 02215USA Graduate Program for Neuroscience Boston UniversityBostonMA 02215USA Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Boston UniversityBostonMA 02215USA Department of Chemistry Boston UniversitBostonMA 02215USA Department of Biomedical Engineering Boston UniversityBostonMA 02215USA Division of Materials Science and Engineering Boston UniversityBostonMA 02215USA Department of Biological Engineering Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyCambridgeMA 02142USA

High precision neuromodulation is a powerful tool to decipher neurocircuits and treat neurological *** non-invasive neuromodulation methods offer limited precision at the milimeter ***,we report opticallygenerated focused ultrasound(OFUS)for non-invasive brain stimulation with ultrahigh *** is generated by a soft optoacoustic pad(SOAP)fabricated through embedding candle soot nanoparticles in a curved polydimethylsiloxane *** generates a transcranial ultrasound focus at 15 MHz with an ultrahigh lateral resolution of 83μm,which is two orders of magnitude smaller than that of conventional transcranial-focused ultrasound(tFUS).Here,we show effective OFUS neurostimulation in vitro with a single ultrasound *** demonstrate submillimeter transcranial stimulation of the mouse motor cortex in *** acoustic energy of 0.6 mJ/cm?,four orders of magnitude less than that of tFUS,is suffcient for successful OFUS *** offers new capabilities for neuroscience studies and disease treatments by delivering a focus with ultrahigh precision noninvasively.

关键词： SOAP stimulation precision

Dissociation characteristics of methane hydrate using depressurization combined with thermal stimulation

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2019年第9期27卷 2089-2098页

作者： Mingjun Yang Zhanquan Ma Yi Gao Lanlan Jiang Key Laboratory of Ocean Energy Utilization and Energy Conservation of Ministry of Education Dalian University of Technology

Methane hydrate is considered as a potential energy source in the future due to its abundant reserves and high energy *** investigate the influence of initial hydrate saturation,production pressure,and the temperature of thermal stimulation on gas production rate and cumulative gas production percentage,we conducted the methane hydrate dissociation experiments using depressurization,thermal stimulation and a combination of two methods in this *** is found that when the gas production pressures are the same,the higher the hydrate initial saturation,the greater change in hydrate reservoir ***,it is easier to appear the phenomenon of icing and hydrate reformation when the hydrate saturation is *** example,the reservoir temperature dropped to below zero in depressurization process when the hydrate saturation was about 37%.However,the same phenomenon didn’t appear as the saturation was about 12%.This may be due to more free gas in the reservoir with hydrate saturated of 37%.We also find that the temperature variation of reservoir can be reduced effectively by combination of depressurization and thermal stimulation *** the average gas production rate is highest with combined method in the *** the pressure of gas production is 2 MPa,compared with depressurization,the average of gas production can increase 54%when the combined method is *** efficiency of gas production is very low when thermal stimulation was used *** the temperature of thermal stimulation is 11℃,the average rate of gas production in the experiment of thermal stimulation is less than 1/3 of that in the experiment of the combined method.

关键词： Methane hydrate Depressurization Thermal stimulation Dissociation characteristics

Theoretical analysis of transcranial Hall-effect stimulation based on passive cable model

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Chinese Physics B 2015年第12期24卷 373-378页

作者：袁毅李小俚 Institute of Electrical Engineering Yanshan University State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning & IDG Mc Govern Institute for Brain Research Beijing Normal University Center for Collaboration and Innovation in Brain and Learning Sciences Beijing Normal University

Transcranial Hall-effect stimulation（THS） is a new stimulation method in which an ultrasonic wave in a static magnetic field generates an electric field in an area of interest such as in the brain to modulate neuronal activities. However, the biophysical basis of simulating the neurons remains unknown. To address this problem, we perform a theoretical analysis based on a passive cable model to investigate the THS mechanism of neurons. Nerve tissues are conductive; an ultrasonic wave can move ions embedded in the tissue in a static magnetic field to generate an electric field（due to Lorentz force）.In this study, a simulation model for an ultrasonically induced electric field in a static magnetic field is derived. Then,based on the passive cable model, the analytical solution for the voltage distribution in a nerve tissue is determined. The simulation results showthat THS can generate a voltage to stimulate neurons. Because the THS method possesses a higher spatial resolution and a deeper penetration depth, it shows promise as a tool for treating or rehabilitating neuropsychiatric disorders.

关键词： Hall-effect stimulation passive cable model neurons

Non-genetic photoacoustic stimulation of single neurons by a tapered fiber optoacoustic emitter

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Light(Science & Applications) 2021年第8期10卷 1494-1506页

作者： Linli Shi Ying Jiang Fernando R.Fernandez Guo Chen Lu Lan Heng-Ye Man John A.White Ji-Xin Cheng Chen Yang Department of Chemistry Boston University580 Commonwealth AvenueBostonMA 02215USA. Department of Biomedical Engineering Boston University44 Cummington MallBostonMA 02215USA. Center for Systems Neuroscience Boston University610 Commonwealth AveBostonMA 02215USA. Neurophotonics Center Photonics CenterBoston University8 St.Mary's StreetBostonMA 02215USA. Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering 8 St.Mary's StreetBostonMA 02215USA. Department of Biology Boston University5 Cummington MallBostonMA 02215USA

Neuromodulation at high spatial resolution poses great significance in advancing fundamental knowledge in the field of neuroscience and offering novel clinical ***,we developed a tapered fiber optoacoustic emitter(TFOE)generating an ultrasound field with a high spatial precision of 39.6 pm,enabling optoacoustic activation of single neurons or subcellular structures,such as axons and ***,a single acoustic pulse of sub-microsecond converted by the TFOE from a single laser pulse of 3 ns is shown as the shortest acoustic stimuli so far for successful neuron *** precise ultrasound generated by the TFOE enabled the integration of the optoacoustic stimulation with highly stable patch-clamp recording on single *** measurements of the electrical response of single neurons to acoustic stimulation,which is difficult for conventional ultrasound stimulation,have been *** coupling TFOE with ex vivo brain slice electrophysiology,we unveil cell-type-specific responses of excitatory and inhibitory neurons to acoustic *** results demonstrate that TFOE is a non-genetic single-cell and sub-cellular modulation technology,which could shed new insights into the mechanism of ultrasound neurostimulation.

关键词： emitter fiber stimulation

Noninvasive Ultrasound stimulation of Ventral Tegmental Area Induces Reanimation from General Anaesthesia in Mice

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Research 2021年第1期2021卷 81-93页

作者： Tianyuan Bian Wen Meng Meihong Qiu Zhigang Zhong Zhengrong Lin Junjie Zou Yibo Wang Xiaowei Huang Lisheng Xu Tifei Yuan Zhili Huang Lili Niu Long Meng Hairong Zheng Institute of Biomedical and Health Engineering Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced TechnologyChinese Academy of Sciences1068 Xueyuan AvenueShenzhenChina 518055 Department of Pharmacology School of Basic Medical SciencesFudanUniversityShanghaiChina 200032 College of Medicine and Biological Information Engineering Northeastern University195 Innovation RoadShenyang 110016China Shanghai Mental Health Center Shanghai Jiaotong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina 200030

Evidence in animals suggests that deep brain stimulation or optogenetics can be used for recovery from disorders of consciousness(DOC).However,these treatments require invasive *** report presents a noninvasive strategy to stimulate central nervous system neurons selectively for recovery from DOC in *** the delivery of ultrasound energy to the ventral tegmental area,mice were aroused from an unconscious,anaesthetized state in this study,and this process was controlled by adjusting the ultrasound *** mice in the sham group under isoflurane-induced,continuous,steady-state general anaesthesia did not regain their righting *** insonation,the emergence time from inhaled isoflurane anaesthesia decreased(sham.13.63±0.53 min,ultrasound.1.5±0.19 min,pstimulation reduced the recovery time in mice with traumatic brain injury(sham.30.38±1.9 min,ultrasound.7.38±1.02 min,p<0.01).This noninvasive strategy could be used on demand to promote emergence from DOC and may be a potential treatment for such disorders.

关键词： stimulation treatment consciousness

Chronic electrical stimulation induces functional network changes in cortical neuron cultures

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2020年第4期63卷 637-647页

作者： WU SongFang WANG LuBin ZHAO YuWei SUN HongJi LANG YiRan WANG ChangYong HAN JiuQi WANG Yan HAN Yao Department of Neural Engineering and Biological Interdisciplinary Studies Institute of Military Cognition and Brain SciencesAcademy of Military Medical SciencesBeijing 100850China

Recent studies demonstrated that a functional brain network could be regarded as a complex *** the help of network theory,neuroscientists can identify common organizational principles of the functional brain *** a consequence,some non-random organizational features,such as"small world"(most of the nodes are not connected directly but can communicate with few intermediate relay steps)and"rich club"(nodes that are rich in connections tend to form strongly interconnected clubs),have been found in functional brain ***,the"small world"organizational feature of neuronal functional networks in vitro was found to be influenced by external ***,little is known about the influence of chronic electrical stimulation on functional networks of dissociated cortical cultures during network *** the present study,cortical cultures were electrically stimulated at a frequency of 0,0.02,and 0.2 Hz,between 7 and 26 days in vitro(DIV).The spontaneous activity of the cortical cultures was recorded using ***,a cross-covariance method and graph theory were applied to investigate organizational feature of functional *** results showed that over 3 weeks of stimulation,the network density significantly increased with maturation in the control and 0.02 Hz stimulation groups,but not in 0.2 Hz stimulation ***,all the cultures had a small-world topology at 14,18,22,and 26 DIV,free from the effect of chronic electrical ***,we found an asymmetry effect that partial electrical stimulation inhibited the formation of node connections in stimulated *** effect was more pronounced at 0.2 Hz than at 0.02 Hz *** results suggest that electrical stimulation does not affect the small-world properties of neural ***,electrical stimulation modulates connectivity patterns,and neurons within the stimulated area are less connected than neurons outside the stimulated area.

关键词： neural culture graph theory connectivity microelectrode arrays electrical stimulation

Neural stimulation and modulation with subcellular precision by optomechanical bio-dart

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Light(Science & Applications) 2024年第11期13卷 2668-2679页

作者： Guoshuai Zhu Jianyun Xiong Xing Li Ziyi He Shuhan Zhong Junlin Chen Yang Shi Ting Pan Li Zhang Baojun Li Hongbao Xin Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nanophotonic Manipulation Institute of NanophotonicsCollege of Physics and Optoelectronic EngineeringJinan UniversityGuangzhou 511443China Key Laboratory of CNS Regeneration(Ministry of Education) Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Institute of CNS RegenerationJinan UniversityGuangzhou 510632China

Neural stimulation and modulation at high spatial resolution are crucial for mediating neuronal signaling and plasticity,aiding in a better understanding of neuronal dysfunction and neurodegenerative ***,developing a biocompatible and precisely controllable technique for accurate and effective stimulation and modulation of neurons at the subcellular level is highly ***,we report an optomechanical method for neural stimulation and modulation with subcellular precision using optically controlled *** bio-dart is obtained from the tip of sunflower pollen grain and can generate transient pressure on the cell membrane with submicrometer spatial resolution when propelled by optical scattering force controlled with an optical fiber probe,which results in precision neural stimulation via precisely activation of membrane mechanosensitive ion ***,controllable modulation of a single neuronal cell,even down to subcellular neuronal structures such as dendrites,axons,and soma,can be *** bio-dart can also serve as a drug delivery tool for multifunctional neural stimulation and ***,our optomechanical bio-darts can also be used for in vivo neural stimulation in larval *** strategy provides a novel approach for neural stimulation and modulation with sub-cellular precision,paving the way for high-precision neuronal plasticity and neuromodulation.

关键词： stimulation neural precisely