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Measuring the effect of opportunity cost of time on participation in sports and exercise

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Open Journal of Preventive Medicine 2013年第5期3卷 380-392页

作者： Nana Kwame Anokye Subhash Pokhrel Julia Fox-Rushby Health Economics Research Group (HERG) Brunel University Uxbridge Middlesex UK

Background: There is limited research on the association between opportunity cost of time and sports and exercise due to lack of data on opportunity cost of time. Using a sample of 14142 adults from Health Survey for England (2006), we develop and test a composite index of opportunity cost of time (to address the current issues with data constraint on opportunity cost of time) in order to explore the relationship between opportunity cost of time and sports participation. Methods: Probit regression models are fitted adjusting for a range of covariates. Opportunity cost of time is measured with two proxy measures: a) composite index (consisting of various indicators of wage earnings) constructed using principal component analysis;and b) education and employment, approach in the literature. We estimate the relative impact of the composite index compared with current proxy measures, on prediction of sports participation. Findings: Findings suggest that higher opportunity cost of time is associated with increased likelihood of sports participation, regardless of the time intensity of activity or the measure of opportunity cost of time used. The relative impacts of the two proxy measures are comparable. sports and exercise was found to be positively correlated with income. Another important positive correlate of sports and exercise is participation in voluntary activity. The research and policy implications of our findings are discussed.

关键词： Physical Activity sports and Exercise Opportunity Cost of Time Index

Study of the Development of Chinese sports Industry in the Context of Supply-side Structura Reform

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Contemporary Social Sciences 2019年第1期4卷 85-97页

作者： Fei Junjun Wu Lingwei(译) Economic Research Institute Sichuan Academy of Social Sciences 不详

In recent years,China’s sports industry has witnessed rapid development gradually forming an emerging strength in its Supply-side Structural Reform and thus increasingly being highlighted in the development of the nationa *** integrated,society-based,green and sustainable,the sports industry is gaining popularity among the Chinese *** paper studies the overall development of Chinese sports industry during the 12th FiveYear Plan period(2011-2015)and unveils the key achievements it made,such as the expansion of scale,the diversification of products and services,the improvement of industry policies,the apparent upgrading and optimization of the industry’s structure and its further integration with the Internet However,there are still some problems in the development of China’s sports industry&Chinese sports industry accounts for a fairly low proportion in the gross domestic product(GDP)and cannot yet compare with those of developed ***,given that its the sports services make up only a small share and that a supply-demand imbalance still exists in the sports products and services,its industrial structure requires further upgrading and *** addition,failure to fully stimulate an innovation initiative restricts this industry’s further *** the bottleneck facing Chinese sports industry and corresponding path selection,this paper mainly analyzes its institutional mechanism reform,structural upgrading and layout product quality improvement and talent supply *** on the analysis,it is concluded that the development of Chinese sports industry is of great importance to China’s economic transformation,upgrading and healthy development and it echoes the call of Supply-side Structural Reform.

关键词： Supply-side Structural Reform the sports industry industrial upgrading innovation

Sudden Death in sports: Case Report and Review of an Ongoing Problem

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Health 2019年第1期11卷 67-80页

作者： María Elena Caparrós-Hernández Mónica García-Fernández Carla Miró-Vicedo María del Mar Ponce-Abellán Andrea Ruso-Ruso María Dolores Jover-Ríos Juan Méndez-Mora Francisco Caparrós-Hernández Carmen Seguí-Pérez Marc Seguí-Pérez Pedro Esteve-Atiénzar Jorge Peris-García David Bonet-Tur Pablo Roig-Rico Asunción Pérez-Fullana José Miguel Seguí-Ripoll School of Medicine Miguel Hernández University Elche (Alicante) Spain Department of Internal Medicine Hospital La Vega Baja of Orihuela (Alicante) Spain Secondary School Marist Brothers High School Alicante Spain Department of Internal Medicine University Hospital of San Juan Alicante Spain Department of Clinical Medicine Miguel Hernández University Elche (Alicante) Spain

Background: Both competitive and recreational sports are considered a positive practice that is good for human health and quality of life, so it is difficult to understand how young, energetic and apparently healthy people can die while playing their usual sports. When these events occur in elite athletes during monitored events, they normally receive considerable media attention. Objective: To describe the case of sudden death in a young professional athlete who was successfully aided and resuscitated outside our hospital, and to review the literature about sudden death in sports. Materials and Method: We searched for Sudden Death (according to the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-9 and ICD-10)) in our hospital but found no other relevant cases. We performed a literature search on the state of the art in sudden death (Google Scholar, PubMed, LILACS, Scielo and the Revista Española de Cardiología). Results: Although we observed that the prevalence of sudden death is not very high, it still represents a potentially avoidable event. An adequate medical examination prior to regular sporting practice can decrease the incidence of sudden death in athletes under the age of 35. Data available in the literature support medical check-ups that include history-taking, physical examination and electrocardiogram. The findings of this evaluation may also prompt further assessment (electrocardiograph, ergometry). Conclusions: We could not identify standard, obligatory guidelines for screening possible heart diseases causing cardiorespiratory failure and sudden death. As a measure for primary prevention, we propose a protocol for reducing the risk of sudden death in athletes.

关键词： Sudden Death sports Athletes Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation Implantable Automatic Defibrillator

Three Strategies for Promoting the Standardization of China's sports Services Against the Background of the 2008 Olympic Games

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China Standardization 2007年第6期52卷 20-25页

作者： Zheng Meiyan Wang Zhenglun

This study makes a preliminary analysis of the strategies related to the standardization of Chinese sports facilities to provide a base for their development.

关键词： sports Standardization, Promotion Strategies

The low er lim b prosthesis fittingfor non┐ideal stum p andfor sports prosthesis

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Chinese Journal of Biomedical Engineering(English Edition) 1999年第2期8卷 38-46页

作者： CAOXue-jun ChinaRehabilitationResearchCenter

Through 8.5 years practice of prosthesis fitting for 356 lower limb amputees with non ideal stumps,the paper proposes the effective methods of prosthesis fitting of non ideal stump by suspension band,part weight bearing management of socket,silicon socks,combinative using prosthesis and orthosis and appropriate alignment,***,it thinks the essential conditions of sports prosthesis fitting are total surface bearing socket and part reinforce,rightful alignment,using special suspension band,correct selecting prosthetic foot and knee joint,and sevice in time through the prosthesis fitting for 23 athletes taken lower limb amputation who took part in twice international games.

关键词： amputation stump prosthesis sports prosthesis

MEDICAL ACUPUNCTURE IN sports MEDICINE:RELEVANT POINTS AND THE POST-TRAUMATIC VITAL ALIGNMENT PROCEDURE

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World Journal of Acupuncture-Moxibustion 1994年第4期4卷 15-20页

作者： Steven KH AungDepartment of Family Medicine, University of Albert, Edmonton , Alberta, Canada

Medical acupuncture is an extremely useful therapeutic modality in *** are a number of cardinal points that have proven effective in treating the pain associated with various kinds of sports injury and for alleviating the general discomfort associated with theseinjuries and with any particular illness an athlete may be *** pain and discomfort experienced by athletes also has mental and spiritual dimensions,and the post-traumatic vital alignment procedure I have developed helps atheletes recover a sense of well-being and″groundedness″after a serious injury or illness has disrupted their total,healthy equilibrium.

关键词： Acupuncture Pain control Acupoints for sports medicine Post-traumatic vital alignment Endorphins

Enhanced Surveillance for National (Handicapped) sports Games in Wakayama, Japan 2015

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Journal of Biosciences and Medicines 2018年第7期6卷 35-47页

作者： Chisa Kambe Hiroko Fujii Tetsuya Niu Hideo Matsuura Naoko Nagai Yuuki Nakamura Takako Nojiri Wakayama City Public Health Center Wakayama Japan Graduate School of Pharmacy Nihon University Chiba Japan Wakayama Prefecture Health Department Wakayama Japan

Introduction: We undertook enhanced surveillance of the 2015 Kinokuni Wakayama National sports Games (70th National sports Games) and the Kinokuni Wakayama Handicapped sports Games (15th National Handicapped sports Games) held in Wakayama prefecture in 2015, for which this paper presented operational details and an evaluation. Methods: Enhanced surveillance conducted involved (Nursery) School Absenteeism Surveillance system ((N)SASSy), Prescription Surveillance, and Ambulance Transfer Surveillance from 30 August through 9 November. We evaluated those surveillances on all days including weekends, integrated the results as a daily report, and published it on the web. Results: We found no cluster or cases requiring more tracing and investigation except for suspected cases of rubella in (N)SASSy. Moreover, no moderate aberration was found for two consecutive days for the same area and symptom. Conclusion: Our experience with this enhanced surveillance presents important lessons for countermeasures by local governments for mass gatherings or politically important events.

关键词： Enhanced Surveillance National (Handicapped) sports Games Mass-Gathering Event (Nursery) School Absenteeism Surveillance System Prescription Surveillance Ambulance Transfer Surveillance

sports hernia and femoroacetabular impingement in athletes: A systematic review

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2015年第9期3卷 823-830页

作者： Daniele Munegato Marco Bigoni Giulia Gridavilla Stefano Olmi Giovanni Cesana Giovanni Zatti Clinica Ortopedica AO San Gerardo Università degli Studidi Milano Bicocca Policlinico San Marco University and Research Hospital

AIM: To investigate the association between sports hernias and femoroacetabular impingement(FAI) in ***: Pub Med, MEDLINE, CINAHL, Embase, Cochrane Controlled Trials Register, and Google Scholar databases were electronically searched for articles relating to sports hernia, athletic pubalgia, groin pain, long-standing adductor-related groin pain, Gilmore groin, adductor pain syndrome, and FAI. The initial search identified 196 studies, of which only articles reporting on the association of sports hernia and FAI or laparoscopic treatment of sports hernia were selected for systematic review. Finally, 24 studies were reviewed to evaluate the prevalence of FAI in cases of sports hernia and examine treatment outcomes and evidence for a common underlying pathogenic ***: FAI has been reported in as few as 12% to as high as 94% of patients with sports hernias, athletic pubalgia or adductor-related groin pain. Cam-type impingement is proposed to lead to increased symphyseal motion with overload on the surrounding extra-articular structures and muscle, which can result in the development of sports hernia and athletic pubalgia. Laparoscopic repair of sports hernias, via either the transabdominal preperitoneal or extraperitoneal approach, has a high success rate and earlier recovery of full sports activity compared to open surgery or conservative treatment. For patients with FAI and sports hernia, the surgical management of both pathologies is more effective than sports pubalgia treatment or hip arthroscopy alone(89% vs 33% of cases). As sports hernias and FAI are typically treated by general and orthopedic surgeons, respectively, a multidisciplinary approach for diagnosis and treatment is recommended for optimal treatment of patients with these ***: The restriction in range of motion due to FAI likely contributes to sports hernias; therefore, surgical treatment of both pathologies represents an optimal therapy.

关键词： Athletic pubalgia Groin pain Laparoscopic treatment Femoroacetabular impingement sports hernia

China’s E-sports Market Is Undergoing Rapid Development

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China's Foreign Trade 2021年第4期 47-49页

作者： Joe Zhang 不详

According to the Research Report on China’s E-sports Industry released by iiMedia Research,in 2020,China’s e-sports market maintained rapid growth,with the total market scale surpassing RMB 145 *** growth was mainly contributed to by the rapid development of the mobile e-sports and e-sports ecology *** evident growth in the online entertainment market has led to a 36.8%growth in the mobile e-sports business and a 45.2%growth in the e-sports ecology market in *** is estimated that in 2021,the scale of the e-sports market will surpass RMB 180 billion.

关键词： Market sports maintained