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Antifouling Activity of Bacterial Symbionts of seagrasses against Marine Biofilm-Forming Bacteria

Journal of Environmental Protection 2011年第9期2卷 1245-1249页

作者： Dietriech G. Bengen Miftahuddin Majid Khoeri Bintang Marhaeni Ocky Karna Radjasa Agus Sabdono Herawati Sudoyo 不详

Marine biofouling has been regarded as a serious problem in the marine environment. The application of TBT and other heavy metal-based antifoulants has created another environmental problem. The present study explored the possible role of baterial symbionts of seagrasses Thalassia hemprichii, and Enhalus acoroides, which were successfully screened for antifouling activity against marine biofilm-forming bacteria isolated from the surrounding colonies of seagrasses. Bacterial symbionts were isolated and tested against biofilm-forming bacteria resulted in 4 bacterial symbionts capable of inhibiting the growth biofilm-forming isolates. Molecular identification based on 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed that the active bacterial symbionts belonged to the members of the genera Bacillus and Virgibacillus. Further tests of the crude extracts of the active bacterial symbionts supported the potential of these symbionts as the alternative source of environmentally friendly marine antifoulants.

关键词： Biofouling Antifoulant Bacterial Symbionts seagrasses

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Effects of CO_2 Enrichment on Photosynthesis,Growth,and Biochemical Composition of Seagrass Thalassia hemprichii (Ehrenb.) Aschers

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2010年第10期52卷 904-913页

作者： Zhi Jian Jiang Xiao-Pin Huang Jing-Ping Zhang Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Environmental Dynamics So~th China Sea Institute of Oceanology Chinese Academy of SciencesGuangzhou 510301 China Graduate School Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China

The effects of CO2 enrichment on various ecophysiological parameters of tropical seagrass Thalassia hemprichii （Ehrenb.） Aschers were tested. T. hemprichii, collected from a seagrass bed in Xincun Bay, Hainan island of Southern China, was cultured at 4 CO2（aq） concentrations in flow-through seawater aquaria bubbled with CO2. CO2 enrichment considerably enhanced the relative maximum electron transport rate （RETRmax） and minimum saturating irradiance （Ek） of T. hemprichii. Leaf growth rate of CO2- enriched plants was significantly higher than that in unenriched treatment. Nonstructural carbohydrates （NSC） of T. hemprichii, especially in belowground tissues, increased strongly with elevated CO2（aq）, suggesting a translocation of photosynthate from aboveground to belowground tissues. Carbon content in belowground tissues showed a similar response with NSC, while in aboveground tissues, carbon content was not affected by CO2 treatments. In contrast, with increasing CO2（aq）, nitrogen content in aboveground tissues markedly decreased, but nitrogen content in belowground was nearly constant. Carbon： nitrogen ratio in both tissues were obviously enhanced by increasing CO2（aq）. Thus, these results indicate that T. hemprichii may respond positively to CO2-induced acidification of the coastal ocean. Moreover, the CO2-stimulated improvement of photosynthesis and NSC content may partially offset negative effects of severe environmental disturbance such as underwater light reduction.

关键词： PHOTOSYNTHESIS PLANT growth CARBON dioxide seagrasses PLANTS -- Composition BOTANICAL chemistry THALASSIA PLANT cells & tissues EFFECT of light on plants

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Macroalgae Blooms and their Effects on Seagrass Ecosystems

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Journal of Ocean University of China 2014年第5期13卷 791-798页

作者： HAN Qiuying LIU Dongyan Key Laboratory of Coastal Zone Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation CAS Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Coastal Zone Environmental Processes CAS Experimental Station of Integrated Coastal Environment in Muping Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research (YIC) Chinese Academy of Sciences

Seagrass decline caused by the macroalgae blooms is becoming a common phenomenon throughout temperate and tropical regions. We summarized the incidence of macroalgae blooms throughout the world and their impact on seagrass beds by direct and indirect ways. The competition for living space and using resources is the most direct effect on seagrass beds when macroalgae are blooming in an aquatic ecosystem. The consequence of macroalgae blooms(e.g., light reduction, hypoxia, and decomposition) can produce significant indirect effects on seagrass beds. Light reduction by the macroalgae can decrease the growth and recruitment of seagrasses, and decomposition of macroalgae mats can increase the anoxic and eutrophic conditions, which can further constrict the seagrass growth. Meanwhile, the presence of seagrass shoots can provide substrate for the macroalgae blooms. Controlling nutrient sources from the land to coastal waters is a general efficient way for coastal management. Researching into the synergistical effect of climate change and anthropognic nutrient loads on the interaction between searsasses and macroalgae can provide valuable information to decrease the negative effects of macroalgae blooms on seagrasses in eutrophic areas.

关键词： eutrophication decline seagrasses macroalgae blooms

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Bioactive natural products from marine angiosperms:abundance and functions

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Natural Products and Bioprospecting 2013年第4期3卷 129-136页

作者： Ponnambalam SUBHASHINI Elangovan DILIPAN Thirunavukkarasu THANGARADJOU Jutta PAPENBROCK Centre of Advanced Study in Marine Biology Annamalai UniversityParangipettai 608502Cuddalore Dt.Tamil naduIndia Institute of Botany Leibniz University HannoverHerrenhäuserstr.2D-30419 HannoverGermany

This review explores the natural products of seagrass that are to be exploited for their bioactive *** from portraying the presence of a wide array of secondary compounds such as phenols,flavonoids,sterols and lipids from different seagrass species,the focus is on novel natural products projecting towards their biological *** there are a significant number of reports on the abundance of secondary metabolites from seagrass and their bioactive derivatives,only a small number of reports explore their functional and defensive *** have been made to collate the available information on seagrass natural products and clarify their function and metabolic pathway’*** is emphasized that metabolic profiling of seagrass should be extensively progressed to obtain a deeper knowledge about the specific roles of each natural *** investigation of seagrass natural products for their bioactive potential would most likely result in the detection of surprising and unexpected novel chemical structures and clinical leads that may be useful to mankind.

关键词： natural products phenolic compounds phenylpropanoid derivatives seagrasses secondary metabolites

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Degradation of Cymodocea nodosa(Ucria)Ascherson meadow at Las Canteras Beach(Gran Canaria,Canary Islands,Atlantic Ocean)

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Journal of Coastal Life Medicine 2014年第4期 270-273页

作者： Milena Polifrone Miquel Rosell-Fieschi Departamento de Biología Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria-Campus Universitario de Tafira35017 Las PalmasCanary IslandsSpain

Objective:To monitor the distribution of Cymodocea nodosa(Ucria)Ascherson in Las Canteras Beach(Las Palmas de Gran Canaria,Spain),comparing the status in 2005 with the distribution observed in 1985 and ***:Field observations by selfcontained underwater breathing apparatus diving records and cartographic ***:The seagrass meadow originally distributed between the beach and a bar of volcanic rocks,which sheltered it from the strong north-east winds and *** 1985 a gradual reduction of its extent has been observed and more than 80%of the original canopy disappeared in twenty years time,mostly due to the anthropogenic impact and modification of the sedimentary dynamics of the ***:The degradation of this seagrass meadow determinates the loss of the only meadow in the north of the island of Gran Canaria and the absence of a management plan for its conservation.

关键词： Anthropogenic impact Conservation biology Cymodocea nodosa Distribution seagrasses Sediment burial

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