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Effect of Different Amendments on ryegrass Growth in Copper Mine Tailings

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Pedosphere 2003年第4期13卷 299-308页

作者： HAO Xiu-Zhen, ZHOU Dong-Mei, WANG Yu-Jun, CANG Long and CHEN Huai-ManInstitute of Soil Science, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008 (China). E-mail: xzhao@issas. *** Institute of Soil Science the Chinese Academy of Sciences Nanjing 210008 (China)

Montmorillonite, rice straw, organic manure and chemical fertilizer were usedas amendment materials for copper mine tailings, and their effects on mine tailing pH, nutrientsarid metal availability to ryegrass were investigated. Chemical fertilization was the most effectiveone in improving ryegrass growth in mine tailings among the amendment materials examined. It wasfound that montmorillonite raised biomass of ryegrass at the 1st and 2nd cuts, but it did not givefurther positive effects at the3rd and 4th cuts. The effect of organic materials on ryegrass growthwas not so good as expected, mainly due to their slow decomposition in mine tailings with less soilmicroorganisms. Available Cu and Zn contents in mine tailings decreased in the presence ofmontmorillonite but increased when rice straw and organic manure were used as amendments. Cu and Zncontents in ryegrass decreased with increasing the rate of montmorillonite application but increasedwith the rate of rice straw. Zn showed much stronger mobility from soil lo ryegrass than Cu, andalmost all the available N and P in mine tailings, except for the treatments with organic manure,were completely consumed after ryegrass had grown in mine tailings for more than four months andbeen harvested for four times. Owing to its large biomass and high metal uptake, ryegrass is apotential plant for remediation of metal contaminated soils in practice.

关键词： amendment metal availability mine tailings remediation ryegrass

Phosphorus status and microbial community of paddy soil with the growth of annual ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam.) under different phosphorus fertilizer treatments

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science B(Biomedicine & Biotechnology) 2009年第10期10卷 761-768页

作者： Hai-chao GUO Guang-huo WANG Department of Resource Science College of Environmental and Resource Sciences Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310029 China

Annual ryegrass （Lolium multiflorum Lam.） was grown in paddy soil in pots under different phosphorus （P） fertilizer treatments to investigate changes of P fractions and microbial community of the soil. The treatments included Kunyang phosphate rock （KPR） applications at 50 mg P/kg （KPRs0） and 250 mg P/kg （KPR250）, mono-calcium phosphate （MCP） application at 50 mg P/kg （MCP50）, and the control without P application. The results showed that KPR50, KPR250, and MCP50 applications significantly increased the dry weight of the ryegrass by 13%, 38%, and 55%, and increased P uptake by 19%, 135%, and 324%, respectively. Compared with MCP50, the relative effectiveness of KPR50 and KPR250 treatments in ryegrass production was about 23% and 68%, respectively. After one season ofryegrass growth, the KPR50, KPR250, and MCP50 applications increased soil-available P by 13.4%, 26.8%, and 55.2%, respectively. More than 80% of the applied KPR-P remained as HC1-P fraction in the soil. Phospholipid fatty acid （PLFA） analysis showed that the total and bacterial PLFAs were significantly higher in the soils with KPR250 and MCP50 treatments compared with KPR50 and control. The latter had no significant difference in the total or bacterial PLFAs. The KPR50, KPR250, and MCP50 treatments increased fungal PLFA by 69%, 103%, and 69%, respectively. Both the principal component analysis and the cluster analysis of the PLFA data suggest that P treatments altered the microbial community composition of the soils, and that P availability might be an important contributor to the changes in the microbial community structure during the ryegrass growth in the paddy soils.

关键词： Phosphorus fractionation Phospholipid fatty acid (PLFA) ryegrass Phosphate rock

Responses of ryegrass(Lolium perenne L.) Grown in Mudflats to Sewage Sludge Amendment

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2014年第2期13卷 426-433页

作者： BAI Yan-chao GU Chuan-hui TAO Tian-yun ZHU Xiao-wen XU Yi-ran SHAN Yu-hua FENG Ke College of Environmental Science and Engineering Yangzhou University Department of Geology Appalachian State University

Sewage sludge amendment （SSA） is an alternative waste disposal technique and a potential way to increase fertility of mudflats for crop growth. The present study aimed to assess the suitability of SSA by assessing the nitrogen （N） and phosphorous （P） uptakes, heavy metal accumulation, growth, biomass, and yield response of ryegrass （Lolium perenne L.） at 0, 30, 75, 150, and 300 t ha-1 SSA rates at various growth stages. The results showed that the highest biomass ofryegrass at seedling and vegetative stages were at 300 and 150 t ha-1 SSA rate, respectively. The increments of ryegrass yield at reproductive stage at 30, 75, 150, and 300 t ha1 SSA rates were 98.0, 122.6, 88.1, and 61.2%, compared to unamended soil. N and P concentrations in ryegrass increased with increasing SSA rates at all stages except N and P in roots dropped significantly at 300 t ha-1 rate at vegetative stage. The metal concentration for Mn, Cu, Zn, Ni, Cd, Cr, and Pb in shoot of ryegrass at 300 t ha-1 S SA rate increased by 0.63-, 2.34-, 15.02-, 0.97-, 10.00-, 0.01- and 1.13-fold, respectively, compared to unamended soil. However, heavy metal concentrations in shoot of ryegrass were lower than the standard for forage products in China. The study suggested that sewage sludge amendment in mudflat soils might be feasible. However, the impacts of sludge application on edible crop plants and soil environment need further investigations.

关键词： sewage sludge mudflat soil ryegrass growth metals

Combined effects of polymer SH and ryegrass on the water-holding characteristics of loess

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Journal of Arid Land 2024年第12期16卷 1686-1700页

作者： YING Chunye LI Chenglong LI Lanxing ZHOU Chang School of Geological Engineering Qinghai UniversityXining 810016China Petroleum Engineering Technology Research Institute of Shengli Oilfield SINOPECDongying 257000China Army Engineering University of PLA Xuzhou 221000China School of Resources and Geosciences China University of Mining and TechnologyXuzhou 221116China

The Chinese Loess Plateau has long been plagued by severe soil erosion and water *** this study,we proposed a technique involving the combined use of polymer SH and ryegrass and evaluated its effectiveness in modifying the water-holding characteristics of loess on the Chinese Loess Plateau(Chinese loess).We analysed the volumetric water content and water potential of untreated loess,treated loess with single polymer SH,treated loess with single ryegrass,and treated loess with both polymer SH and ryegrass using the loess samples collected from the Chinese Loess Plateau in July ***,fractal theory was used to analyse the fractal characteristics of the soil structure,and wet disintegration tests were conducted to assess the structural stability of both untreated and treated loess *** results showed that the loess samples treated with both polymer SH and ryegrass presented much higher volumetric water content and water potential than the untreated loess samples and those treated only with ryegrass or polymer ***,the planting density of ryegrass affected the combined technique,since a relatively low planting density(20 g/m2)was conducive to enhancing the water-holding capacity of Chinese *** fractal dimension was directly correlated with both volumetric water content and water potential of Chinese ***,since loess treated with both polymer SH and ryegrass was more saturated with moisture,its water potential increased,thus improving its water-holding capacity and fractal *** combined technique better resisted disintegration than ryegrass alone but had slightly less resistance than polymer SH *** study provides insight into soil reinforcement and soil water management using polymetric materials and vegetation on the Chinese Loess Plateau.

关键词： loess ryegrass polymer SH water-holding characteristics fractal theory Chinese Loess Plateau

Root Exudates, Rhizosphere Zn Fractions, and Zn Accumulation of ryegrass at Different Soil Zn Levels

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Pedosphere 2007年第3期17卷 389-396页

作者： XU Wei-Hong LIU Huai MA Qi-Fu XIONG Zhi-Ting College of Resources and Environmental Sciences Southwest University Chongqing 400716 （China） College of Plant Protection Southwest University Chongqing 400716 （China） Soil Science and Plant Nutrition University of Western Australia Crawley WA 600Y （ Australia） College of Resources and Environmental Sciences Wuhan University Wuhan 430072 （China）

A glasshouse experiment was conducted using a root-bag technique to study the root exudates, rhizosphere Zn fractions, and Zn concentrations and accumulations of two ryegrass cultivars （Lolium perenne L. cvs. Airs and Tede） at different soil Zn levels （0, 2, 4, 8, and 16 mmol kg^-1 soil）. Results indicated that plant growth of the two cultivars was not advérsely affected at soil Zn level ≤ 8 mmol kg^-1. Plants accumulated more Zn as soil Zn levels increased, and Zn concentrations of shoots were about 540 μg g^-1 in Aris and 583.9 μg g^-1 in Tede in response to 16 mmol Zn kg^-1 soil. Zn ratios of shoots to roots across the soil Zn levels were higher in Tede than in Airs, corresponding with higher rhizosphere available Zn fractions （exchangeable, bound to manganese oxides, and bound to organic matter） in Airs than in Tede. Low-molecular-weight （LMW） organic acids （oxalic, tartaric, malic, and succinic acids） and amino acids （proline, threonine, glutamic acid, and aspartic acid, etc.） were detected in root exudates, and the concentrations of LMW organic acids and amino acids increased with addition of 4 mmol Zn kg^-1 soil compared with zero Zn addition. Higher rhizosphere concentrations of oxalic acid, glutamic acid, alanine, phenylalanine, leucine, and proline in Tede than in Airs likely resulted in increased Zn uptake from the soil by Tede than by Airs. The results suggested that genotypic differences in Zn accumulations were mainly because of different root exudates and rhizosphere Zn fractions.

关键词： plant Zn accumulation rhizosphere Zn fractions root exudates ryegrass soil Zn level

Molecular identification of asymmetric somatic hybrids between wheat and Italian ryegrass

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2002年第24期47卷 2093-2095页

作者： Taiming Ge Shunwu Yu Xinghua Lin Falan Qin Yu Yujun Yuefeng Xie Huazhong Agr Univ Natl Key Lab Crop Genet Improvement Wuhan 430070 Peoples R China

Sexual incompatibility between common wheat and Italian ryegrass was an obstacle for transferring useful traits from italian ryegrass to wheat. In order to use those desirable genetic resources to improve wheat and to create new cytoplasmic germplasm, the protoplasts of wheat and Italian ryegrass were successfully electrofused and the somatic hybrid plants were regenerated. Examination with 6 restriction enzymes, 13 probes including 9 mtDNA probes (H454, Pst24, B30, Pro I, 490, B342, pHJ2-7-l, B376, 7), 3 cpDNA probes (pHvc p1, pHvc p5 and pHvc p8) and onenuclear DNA probe-pTA71 (rDNA) in total 73 enzyme/probe combinations revealed rich polymorphism between the fusion partners. RFLP analysis indicated that approximately 93.4% of the regenerated plants were true somatic hybrids. AFLP analysis implied that the somatic hybrids were highly asymmetric. The RFLP analysis using mt- and cpDNA specific probes also demonstrated the non-coexistence of mitochondria and chloroplasts from the fusion partners in the

关键词： wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Italian ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam.) somatic hybrid RFLP AFLP.

The Application of Fertilizer and AMF Promotes Growth and Reduces the Cadmium and Lead Contents of ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum L.) in a Copper Mining Area

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Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany 2023年第2期92卷 471-485页

作者： Jiaxin Chen Jiawei Guo Zhixin Yang Jiqing Yang Hengwen Dong Huiyun Wang Yalei Wang Fangdong Zhan College of Resources and Environment Yunnan Agricultural UniversityKunming650201China College of Architecture and Engineering Yunnan Agricultural UniversityKunming650201China Kunming Prospecting Design Institute of China Nonferrous Metals Industry Co. Ltd.Kunming650051China

Heavy metal-polluted soil was collected from the Pulang copper mine in Shangri-La City,Yunnan Province,Southwest *** effects of fertilizer(organic and inorganic)and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi(AMF)on ryegrass(Lolium multiflorum L.)growth,root morphology,mineral nutrition and cadmium(Cd)and lead(Pb)contents were investigated by pot *** results showed that both fertilizer and AMF significantly ameliorated the root morphology and mineral nutrition,reduced the Cd and Pb contents,and promoted the growth of *** all treatments,the combined application of organic–inorganic compound fertilizer with AMF had the highest effect,resulting in increases in root length,surface area and branch number by 2.3,1.1,and 3.9 times,respectively;an 88%increase in plant biomass;a nitrogen content increase of 2.3 and 1.2 times,and phosphorus content increase of 62%and 68%in shoots and roots,respectively was also recorded as well as decreases in Cd content by 34%and 62%and Pb content by 47%and 34%in shoots and roots,*** analysis showed that both fertilizer and AMF significantly promoted ryegrass growth(plant height,biomass,chlorophyll content,root length,nitrogen and phosphorus content)and reduced the Cd and Pb contents in roots,and there was a synergistic effect between ***,the nitrogen and phosphorus contents were very significantly positively correlated with the shoot and root biomasses but very significantly negatively correlated with the Cd and Pb contents of ***,the application of fertilizer and AMF synergistically improved ryegrass growth on polluted soils in the copper mining area.

关键词： Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi heavy metal pollution organic–inorganic compound fertilizer ryegrass synergistic effect

Breeding for drought tolerance in perennial ryegrass(Lolium perenne L.)and tall fescue(Lolium arundinaceum[Schreb.]Darbysh.)by exploring genotype by environment by management interactions

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Grassland Research 2023年第1期2卷 22-36页

作者： Claudio C.Fernandes Filho Mario H.Murad Leite Andrade Jose A.Rodrigues Nunes Joseph Wipff Debra L.Hignight Esteban F.Rios Kevin Kenworthy Kenneth Hignight Biology Department Institute of Natural SciencesUniversidade Federal de LavrasLavrasBrazil Agronomy Department University of FloridaGainesvilleFloridaUSA NexGen Plant Science Center LLCAlbanyOregonUSA NexGen Turf Research LLCAlbanyOregonUSA

Background:Drought‐tolerant turfgrass cultivars are becoming more important each year as landscape irrigation practices are becoming more ***:In this study,we quantified the level of drought tolerance(DT)in perennial ryegrass and tall fescue genotypes across years under different mowing(MH)and fertility(FL)rates.A total of 48 ryegrass and 38 tall fescue genotypes were planted in 2011 at NexGen,Albany,*** trial was divided into three subtrials:(i)DT;(ii)MH and DT;and(iii)FL and ***:The results showed that there was significant genetic variance for most of the traits in both *** genotype×year interaction was predominantly simple,indicating small changes in genotype ranking for both *** MH improved DT in perennial ryegrass,whereas higher MH resulted in greater DT in tall *** both species,higher MH improved the population mean for turf *** FL inputs led to higher turf quality for both species,but it did not affect the DT ***:Using a selection index,six genotypes for perennial ryegrass and four for tall fescue were selected.

关键词： drought stress ryegrass tall fescue turf quality turfgrass breeding

Content of Nutritional Elements in Sudangrass and ryegrass Determined by ICP-AES

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光谱学与光谱分析 2011年第9期31卷 2555-2557页

作者： LI Wen-xi LU Jian-wei Saman P Seneweera WU Ji CHEN Fang LU Jun-ming LI Xiao-kun College of Resources and Environment Huazhong Agricultural University Wuhan 430070 China School of Agriculture and Food Systems Faculty of Land and Foodthe University of Melbourne Horsham Victoria 3401 Australia Institution of Soil and Fertilizer Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences Hefei 230031 China International Plant Nutrition Institute China Program Wuhan 430074 China Agricultural and Technical Center Datonghu Administration District of Honghu City Honghu 434300 China

The sudangrass(Sorghumsudanense) and ryegrass(Lolium multiflorum L.) rotation is a newtype of cropping system,which has developed rapidly in recent years in the south of *** contents ofnutritional elements for forage grass in the sudangrass and ryegrass rotation system were determined by *** results showed that there were abundant and essential nutritional elements for ani mals in sudangrassand *** contents of P,K,Ca,Mg,S,Fe,B,Cu,Zn and Mn for sudangrass were 0.20 %～0.29 %,1.94 %～2.57 %,0.62 %～0.97 %,0.39 %～0.69 %,0.12 %～0.18 %,108.35 ～180.12,3.04 ～5.96,6.17 ～10.02,20.37 ～31.36 and 46.80 ～101.29 ***-1,*** contents of P,K,Ca,Mg,S,Fe,B,Cu,Zn,Mn for ryegrass were 0.39 %～0.70 %,3.77 %～5.07 %,0.61 %～0.84 %,0.28 %～0.47 %,0.32 %～0.41 %,291.65 ～632.20,2.13 ～3.23,13.29 ～15.19,30.73 ～42.98 and 92.08 ～156.04 ***-1,respectively,and there were differences between various periods in nutritional elements inthe two forage *** application of ICP-AES could reflect fast and efficiently the content of nutritionalelements for forage grass as ani mals feed.

关键词： ICP-AES Sudangrass ryegrass Nutritional elements