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Dynamic routing of Multiple QoS-Required Flows in Cloud-Edge Autonomous Multi-Domain Data Center Networks

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第2期78卷 2287-2308页

作者： Shiyan Zhang Ruohan Xu Zhangbo Xu Cenhua Yu Yuyang Jiang Yuting Zhao School of Computer Science(National Pilot Software Engineering School) Beijing University of Posts and TelecommunicationsBeijing100876China College of Computer Science and Technology Tianjin UniversityTianjin300072China Institute of Artificial Intelligence Nankai UniversityTianjin300071China College of Information Science and Engineering East China University of Science and TechnologyShanghai200237China

The 6th generation mobile networks(6G)network is a kind of multi-network interconnection and multi-scenario coexistence network,where multiple network domains break the original fixed boundaries to form connections and *** this paper,with the optimization objective of maximizing network utility while ensuring flows performance-centric weighted fairness,this paper designs a reinforcement learning-based cloud-edge autonomous multi-domain data center network architecture that achieves single-domain autonomy and multi-domain *** to the conflict between the utility of different flows,the bandwidth fairness allocation problem for various types of flows is formulated by considering different defined reward *** the tradeoff between fairness and utility,this paper deals with the corresponding reward functions for the cases where the flows undergo abrupt changes and smooth changes in the *** addition,to accommodate the Quality of Service(QoS)requirements for multiple types of flows,this paper proposes a multi-domain autonomous routing algorithm called LSTM+*** a Long Short-Term Memory(LSTM)layer in the actor and critic networks,more information about temporal continuity is added,further enhancing the adaptive ability changes in the dynamic network *** LSTM+MADDPG algorithm is compared with the latest reinforcement learning algorithm by conducting experiments on real network topology and traffic traces,and the experimental results show that LSTM+MADDPG improves the delay convergence speed by 14.6%and delays the start moment of packet loss by 18.2%compared with other algorithms.

关键词： Multi-Domain data center networks autonomous routing

CoopAI-Route: DRL Empowered Multi-Agent Cooperative System for Efficient QoS-Aware routing for Network Slicing in Multi-Domain SDN

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2024年第9期140卷 2449-2486页

作者： Meignanamoorthi Dhandapani V.Vetriselvi R.Aishwarya College of Engineering Guindy Anna UniversityChennai600025India

The emergence of beyond 5G networks has the potential for seamless and intelligent connectivity on a global *** slicing is crucial in delivering services for different,demanding vertical applications in this ***-generation applications have time-sensitive requirements and depend on the most efficient routing path to ensure packets reach their intended ***,the existing IP(Internet Protocol)over a multi-domain network faces challenges in enforcing network slicing due to minimal collaboration and information sharing among network *** inter-domain routing methods,like Border Gateway Protocol(BGP),cannot make routing decisions based on performance,which frequently results in traffic flowing across congested paths that are never *** address these issues,we propose CoopAI-Route,a multi-agent cooperative deep reinforcement learning(DRL)system utilizing hierarchical software-defined networks(SDN).This framework enforces network slicing in multi-domain networks and cooperative communication with various administrators to find performance-based routes in intra-and ***-Route employs the Distributed Global Topology(DGT)algorithm to define inter-domain Quality of Service(QoS)***-Route uses a DRL agent with a message-passing multi-agent Twin-Delayed Deep Deterministic Policy Gradient method to ensure optimal end-to-end routes adapted to the specific requirements of network slicing *** evaluation demonstrates CoopAI-Route’s commendable performance in scalability,link failure handling,and adaptability to evolving topologies compared to state-of-the-art methods.

关键词： 6G multi-domain multi-agent routing DRL SDN

A Traffic-Aware and Cluster-Based Energy Efficient routing Protocol for IoT-Assisted WSNs

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第8期80卷 1831-1850页

作者： Hina Gul Sana Ullah Ki-Il Kim Farman Ali Department of Computer and Software Technology University of SwatMingora19130Pakistan Department of Computer Science and Engineering Chungnam National UniversityDaejeon34134Republic of Korea Department of Applied AI Sungkyunkwan UniversitySeoul03063Republic of Korea

The seamless integration of intelligent Internet of Things devices with conventional wireless sensor networks has revolutionized data communication for different applications,such as remote health monitoring,industrial monitoring,transportation,and smart *** and reliable data routing is one of the major challenges in the Internet of Things network due to the heterogeneity of *** paper presents a traffic-aware,cluster-based,and energy-efficient routing protocol that employs traffic-aware and cluster-based techniques to improve the data delivery in such *** proposed protocol divides the network into clusters where optimal cluster heads are selected among super and normal nodes based on their residual *** protocol considers multi-criteria attributes,i.e.,energy,traffic load,and distance parameters to select the next hop for data delivery towards the base *** performance of the proposed protocol is evaluated through the network simulator *** different traffic rates,number of nodes,and different packet sizes,the proposed protocol outperformed LoRaWAN in terms of end-to-end packet delivery ratio,energy consumption,end-to-end delay,and network *** 100 nodes,the proposed protocol achieved a 13%improvement in packet delivery ratio,10 ms improvement in delay,and 10 mJ improvement in average energy consumption over LoRaWAN.

关键词： Internet of Things wireless sensor networks traffic load clustering routing energy efficiency

routing Protocol for Heterogeneous FANETs with Mobility Prediction

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China Communications 2022年第1期19卷 186-201页

作者： Qihui Wu Min Zhang Chao Dong Yong Feng Yanli Yuan Simeng Feng Tony Q.S.Quek The Key Laboratory of Dynamic Cognitive System of Electromagnetic Spectrum Space Ministry of Industry and Information TechnologyNanjing University of Aeronautics and AstronauticsNanjing 210016China The Shell Eastern Petroleum Pte.Ltd. Singapore 903808Singapore The Dept.of Information Systems Technology and Design Singapore University of Technology and DesignSingapore 487372Singapore

In recent years,with the growth in Unmanned Aerial Vehicles(UAVs),UAV-based systems have become popular in both military and civil *** these scenarios,the lack of reliable communication infrastructure has motivated UAVs to establish a network as flying nodes,also known as Flying Ad Hoc Networks(FANETs).However,in FANETs,the high mobility degree of flying and terrestrial users may be responsible for constant changes in the network topology,making end-to-end connections in FANETs *** estimation and prediction of UAVs can address the challenge mentioned above since it can provide better routing planning and improve overall FANET performance in terms of continuous service *** thus develop a Software Defined Network(SDN)-based heterogeneous architecture for reliable communication in *** this architecture,we apply an Extended Kalman Filter(EKF)for accurate mobility estimation and prediction of *** particular,we formulate the routing problem in SDN-based Heterogeneous FANETs as a graph decision *** the problem is NP-hard,we further propose a Directional Particle Swarming Optimization(DPSO)approach to solve *** extensive simulation results demonstrate that the proposed DPSO routing can exhibit superior performance in improving the goodput,packet delivery ratio,and delay.

关键词： routing unmanned aerial vehicles(UAVs) flying ad hoc networks(FANETs) mobility prediction particle swarming optimization(PSO)

A QoS Based Reliable routing Mechanism for Service Customization

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Journal of Computer Science & Technology 2022年第6期37卷 1492-1508页

作者： Bo Yi Xing-Wei Wang Min Huang Qiang He College of Computer Science and Engineering Northeastern UniversityShenyang 110169China College of Information Science and Engineering Northeastern UniversityShenyang 110819China College of Medicine and Biological Information Engineering Northeastern UniversityShenyang 110169China

Due to the rapid development of the Internet technology such as 5G/6G and artificial intelligence,more and more new network applications *** using these applications may have different individual demands and such a trend causes great challenges to the traditional integrated service and routing *** order to satisfy the individual demands of customers,the service customization should be considered,during which the cost of Internet Service Provider(ISP)naturally ***,how to reach a balance between the customer satisfaction and the ISP profit becomes vitally *** at addressing this critical problem,this work proposes a service customization oriented reliable routing mechanism,which includes two modules,that is,the service customization module and the routing *** particular,the former(i.e.,the service customization module)is responsible for classifying services by analyzing and processing the customer’s *** that,the IPv6 protocol is used to implement the service customization,since it naturally supports differentiated services via the extended header *** latter is responsible for transforming the customized services into specific routing ***,the Nash equilibrium based economic model is firstly introduced to make a perfect balance between the user satisfaction and the ISP profits,which could finally produce a win-win *** that,based on the customized service policies,an optimized grey wolf algorithm is designed to establish the routing path,during which the routing reliability is formulated and ***,the experiments are carried out and the proposed mechanism is *** results indicate that the proposed service customization and routing mechanism improves the routing reliability,user satisfaction and ISP satisfaction by about 8.42%,15.5%and 17.75%respectively compared with the classical open shortest path first algorithm and the function learning based algorit

关键词： quality of service(QoS) reliability routing service customization

Energy Efficient QoS Aware Cluster Based Multihop routing Protocol for WSN

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Computer Systems Science & Engineering 2022年第6期41卷 1173-1189页

作者： M.S.Maharajan T.Abirami Department of Computer Science and Engineering GRT Institute of Engineering and TechnologyTiruttani631209India Department of Information Technology Kongu Engineering CollegeErode638060India

Wireless sensor networks (WSN) have become a hot research areaowing to the unique characteristics and applicability in diverse application *** and routing techniques can be considered as an NP hard optimizationproblem, which can be addressed by metaheuristic optimization algorithms. Withthis motivation, this study presents a chaotic sandpiper optimization algorithmbased clustering with groundwater flow optimization based routing technique(CSPOC-GFLR). The goal of the CSOC-GFLR technique is to cluster the sensornodes in WSN and elect an optimal set of routes with an intention of achievingenergy efficiency and maximizing network lifetime. The CSPOC algorithm isderived by incorporating the concepts of chaos theory to boost the global optimization capability of the SPOC algorithm. The CSPOC technique elects an optimum set of cluster heads (CH) whereas the other sensors are allocated to thenearer CH. Extensive experimentation portrayed the promising performance ofthe CSPOC-GFLR technique by achieving reduced energy utilization, improvedlifetime, and prolonged stability over the existing techniques.

关键词： Clustering routing wireless sensor networks energy efficiency network lifetime metaheuristics

Statistical Analysis with Dingo Optimizer Enabled routing for Wireless Sensor Networks

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第11期73卷 2865-2878页

作者： Abdulaziz S.Alghamdi Randa Alharbi Suliman A.Alsuhibany Sayed Abdel-Khalek Department of Mathematics College of Science&ArtsKing Abdulaziz UniversityRabigh21911Saudi Arabia Department Statistics College of ScienceUniversity of TabukTabukSaudi Arabia Department of Computer Science College of ComputerQassim UniversityBuraydah51452Saudi Arabia Department of Mathematics and Statistics College of ScienceTaif UniversityTaif21944Saudi Arabia Mathematics Department Faculty of ScienceSohag UniversitySohag82524Egypt

Security is a vital parameter to conserve energy in wireless sensor networks(WSN).Trust management in the WSN is a crucial process as trust is utilized when collaboration is important for accomplishing trustworthy data *** the available routing techniques do not involve security in the design of routing *** study develops a novel statistical analysis with dingo optimizer enabled reliable routing scheme(SADO-RRS)for *** proposed SADO-RRS technique aims to detect the existence of attacks and optimal routes in *** addition,the presented SADORRS technique derives a new statistics based linear discriminant analysis(LDA)for attack detection,Moreover,a trust based dingo optimizer(TBDO)algorithm is applied for optimal route selection in the WSN and accomplishes secure data transmission in ***,the TBDO algorithm involves the derivation of the fitness function involving different input variables of *** demonstrating the enhanced outcomes of the SADO-RRS technique,a wide range of simulations was carried out and the outcomes demonstrated the enhanced outcomes of the SADO-RRS technique.

关键词： Statistical analysis reliability routing wireless sensor networks linear discriminant analysis dingo optimizer security

Efficient Optimal routing Algorithm Based on Reward and Penalty for Mobile Adhoc Networks

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2023年第4期75卷 1331-1351页

作者： Anubha Ravneet Preet Singh Bedi Arfat Ahmad Khan Mohd Anul Haq Ahmad Alhussen Zamil S.Alzamil Department of Computer Applications I.K.G.Punjab Technical UniversityKapurthala144601PunjabIndia Research and Development I.K.G.Punjab Technical UniversityKapurthala144604PunjabIndia Department of Computer Science College of ComputingKhon Kaen UniversityKhon Kaen40002Thailand Department of Computer Science College of Computer and Information SciencesMajmaah UniversityAl-Majmaah11952Saudi Arabia Department of Computer Engineering College of Computer and Information SciencesMajmaah UniversityAl-Majmaah11952Saudi Arabia

Mobile adhoc networks have grown in prominence in recent years,and they are now utilized in a broader range of *** main challenges are related to routing techniques that are generally employed in *** Adhoc system management,on the other hand,requires further testing and improvements in terms of *** routing protocols,such as Adhoc On-Demand Distance Vector(AODV)and Dynamic Source routing(DSR),employ the hop count to calculate the distance between two *** main aim of this research work is to determine the optimum method for sending packets while also extending life time of the *** is achieved by changing the residual energy of each network ***,in this paper,various algorithms for optimal routing based on parameters like energy,distance,mobility,and the pheromone value are ***,an approach based on a reward and penalty system is given in this paper to evaluate the efficiency of the proposed algorithms under the impact of *** simulation results unveil that the reward penalty-based approach is quite effective for the selection of an optimal path for routing when the algorithms are implemented under the parameters of interest,which helps in achieving less packet drop and energy consumption of the nodes along with enhancing the network efficiency.

关键词： routing optimization reward penalty mobility energy throughout pheromone

Energy Aware Metaheuristic Optimization with Location Aided routing Protocol for MANET

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第4期71卷 1567-1580页

作者： E.Ahila Devi K.C.Ramya K.Sathesh Kumar Sultan Ahmad Seifedine Kadry Hyung Ju Park Byeong-Gwon Kang Department of Instrumentation and Control Engineering St.Joseph’s College of EngineeringChennai600119India Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering Sri Krishna College of Engineering and TechnologyCoimbatore641008India School of Computing Kalasalingam Academy of Research and EducationKrishnankoil626128India Department of Computer Science College of Computer Engineering and SciencesPrince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz UniversityAlkharj11942Saudi Arabia Department of Applied Data Science Noroff University CollegeKristiansand4612Norway Department of ICT Convergence Soonchunhyang UniversityAsan31538Korea

A mobile ad hoc network(MANET)involves a group of wireless mobile nodes which create an impermanent network with no central authority and *** nodes in the MANET are highly mobile and it results in adequate network topology,link loss,and increase the re-initialization of the route discovery *** planning in MANET is a multi-hop communication process due to the restricted transmission range of the *** aided routing(LAR)is one of the effective routing protocols in MANET which suffers from the issue of high energy *** few research works have focused on resolving energy consumption problem in LAR,energy efficiency still remains a major design *** this aspect,this study introduces an energy aware metaheuristic optimization with LAR(EAMO-LAR)protocol for *** EAMO-LAR protocol makes use of manta ray foraging optimization algorithm(MRFO)to help the searching process for the individual solution to be passed to the LAR *** fitness value of the created solutions is determined next to pass the solutions to the objective *** MRFO algorithm is incorporated into the LAR protocol in the EAMO-LAR protocol to reduce the desired energy *** ensure the improved routing efficiency of the proposed EAMO-LAR protocol,a series of simulations take *** resultant experimental values pointed out the supreme outcome of the EAMO-LAR protocol over the recently compared *** resultant values demonstrated that the EAMO-LAR protocol has accomplished effectual results over the other existing techniques.

关键词： MANET routing lar protocol energy efficiency mrfo algorithm metaheuristics