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Optimization of wheat debranning using laboratory equipment for ethanol production

International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering 2014年第6期7卷 54-66页

作者： Elizabeth George Bayartoghtok Rentsen Lope G.Tabil Venkatesh Meda Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering University of SaskatchewanSaskatoonSK S7N 5A9Canada

Ethanol production from starchy cereal grains is increasing rapidly due to increasing demand for alternative *** Canada,wheat is the primary feedstock in ethanol *** improve the productivity of the ethanol plants in terms of product quality and yield,debranning of wheat grains may be *** is advantageous in two ***,bran removal increases the starch content of the feedstock,improving the fermentation efficiency of the ethanol ***,bran,a valuable co-product can be used as an animal feed *** this study,experiments to optimize the debranning process were carried out using two kinds of abrasive equipment,the Satake and the TADD(tangential abrasive dehulling device)*** samples(30 and 200 g)were debranned in the Satake mill at 1215,1412,and 1515 r/min rotational speeds,30,36,and 40 grit sizes,and 30,60,and 90 s retention times,and in the TADD mill at 900 r/min rotational speed,30,36,50,and 80 grit sizes,and 120,180,240,and 300 s retention *** addition to debranning efficiency,the starch separation efficiencies of the two mills were calculated in different debranning *** the Satake mill,the 30 g and 200 g sample size,1412 r/min and 1515 r/min rotational speeds,all grit sizes,and 60 s of retention time demonstrated the highest debranning ***,optimal results in the TADD mill were obtained with 200 g sample size,900 r/min rotational speed,50 and 80 grit sizes,and 180 s and 240 s retention ***,based on the experimental results,Satake mill provided better debranning values compared to the TADD *** starch separation efficiency values supported these results.

关键词： wheat debranning ethanol production Satake mill tangential abrasive dehulling device grit size retention time rotational speed starch separation efficiency

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Output speed and Torque of Differential Double-Stator Swing Hydraulic Multimotors

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Journal of Donghua University(English Edition) 2013年第6期30卷 487-493页

作者：闻德生蔡秋雄马洪胜高俊峰 College of Mechanical Engineering Yanshan University

A new type of differential double-stator swing hydraulic motor, based on double stator structure, was introduced. Compared with the traditional swing hydraulic motors, it could provide various kinds of rotational speeds and torques under the same conditions of input flow rate and pressure. The operating prindple and graphic symbols were described. The output speed and torque characters in multifarious connection modes were analyzed through single-acting differential double-stator swing hydraulic multi-motors. Then the differential connection modes and differential principles of differential double-stator swing hydraulic multi-motors were stated. Furthermore, the output speed and torque characters of double- acting and triple-acting ones in multifarious connection modes were gotten. The interaction between output torque and the displacement ratio was studied. Finally, the internal leakage that influenced the volumetric efficiency was researched. The theoretical and experimental researches show that the differential double-stutor swing hydraulic multi-motors can provide various kinds of rotational speeds and torques. Predictably, this new kind of swing hydraulic multi-motors has broad application prospects in machine tool equipments, engineering machineries, and simulation turntables.

关键词： swing hydraulic motors double-stator differential connection torque rotational speed

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Effect of Rotating speed Fluctuation on External Hydraculic Performance of a Vane Pump

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Journal of Donghua University(English Edition) 2016年第1期33卷 155-158页

作者：方坤礼张玉良方晓汾 School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering Quzhou College of Technology College of Mechanical Engineering Quzhou University Institute of Contemporary Manufacturing Engineering Zhejiang University

The rotating speed fluctuation for turbomachinery is a common problem, which will cause severe destruction for equipments and basis when the fluctuation is very strong. In this paper,in order to study the transient response characteristics of a radial vane pump subjected to slight( 5%) and strong( 20%)fluctuating rotational speeds, the variation characteristics of the external hydraulic performances are numerically predicted by means of computational fluid dynamics( CFD) technology. The results manifest that the responses of head and flow rate are different relative to the fluctuating characteristics of rotational speed. The response of the former is very satisfied in synchronism,while that of the latter is hysteretic. Meanwhile,it is found that the variation tendencies of the static pressures at the inlet and outlet of the pump are completely opposite, while the response characteristics of the dynamic pressures at the inlet and outlet are nearly ***,in order to further reveal the transient behavior during the instantaneous operating periods,two non-dimensional parameters are employed to deeply analyze it. The result shows that the variation tendencies of these two parameters are also approximately ***,the quasi-steady assumption is not able to be used to accurately assess the transient flow during transient operating periods. The comparison results show that the transient behavior does not show obvious distinctions between slight and strong fluctuating rotating speeds.

关键词： vane pump rotational speed fluctuating numerical simulation

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Study on Influence of Crack on the Blade Status Using FBGs

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Photonic Sensors 2018年第1期8卷 63-69页

作者： Gang XU Lei LIANG Jianzhi LI Huaping MEI Hongli LI Yijun LIU National Engineering Laboratory of Fiber Optic Sensing Technology Wuhan University of Technology Wuhan 430070 China The Key Laboratory for Health Monitoring and Control of Large Structures Shijiazhuang 050043 China School of Mechanical Engineering Hubei Engineering University Xiaogan 432000 China

The status detection for rotating parts is difficult since the sensor is influenced by the rotation in the inflammable, explosive, and strong magnetic environment. Based on the fiber Bragg grating sensing technology, this paper studies the influence of the natural frequency and deformation of a rotor blade affected by the size of crack in the blade. Test results show that the speed of the equipment and blade excited vibration frequency are two main factors or deformation and vibration frequency of the blade. With an increase in the crack depth, the blade deformation is increased while the stimulated natural frequency of the blade is decreased; at a low rotational speed, the deformation is mainly caused by the rotating speed of the blade. On the contrary, the vibration blade itself contributes to the deformation at a high speed. During the process of full speed rotation, the influence of the rotational speed on the blade deformation almost remains the same, and the influence of the natural vibration on blade deformation is increased with an increase in the rotational speed.

关键词： Rotor blade fiber Bragg grating crack depth rotational speed blade frequency blade deformation

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The Neutron and Dark Matter in the Standard Model of Particle Physics

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Journal of High Energy Physics, Gravitation and Cosmology 2022年第2期8卷 402-416页

作者： Leandro Meléndez Lugo Esteban Chávez Alarcón Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Nucleares Centro Nuclear de México Departamento de Física La Marquesa Ocoyoacac Estado de México México

The existence of the neutron, originally postulated to justify the stability of the nucleus, is very similar to the postulation of Dark Matter to give stability to galaxies and galaxy clusters. However, the existence of the neutron has been proven as an important part of the nucleus that is linked within its integral structure in the Standard Model of Particle Physics. The Standard Model that began with the electron and the proton, currently, with more than one hundred particles, shows in some parts, cracks that induce to reconsider the veracity of the theories and models. Here it is established that all theories are to some extent false and therefore, so will any model, which is always a specific part of the theory. Also, like several other things, by means of a mathematical calculation, it is clarified why, it has not been possible to incorporate the Dark Matter within the Standard Model. Furthermore, it is reliably demonstrated that the introduction of the Dark matter postulate is superfluous and that the high speeds of stellar rotation determined experimentally are analytically explained with the stellar dynamics described here.

关键词： Neutron Standard Model Dark Matter rotational speed Stellar Dynamics

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Hydro-mechanical Transmit Performance Analysis for a Continuously Variable Transmission

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Journal of Food Science and Engineering 2016年第3期6卷 121-131页

作者： Liang He Wanlin Guo Sihong Zhu State Key Laboratory of Mechanics and Control of Mechanical Structures Institute of Nanoscience Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics Nanjing 210016 China Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Intelligent Agricultural Equipment College of Engineering Nanjing Agricultural University Nanjing 210031 China

Based on an exact CAD model of hydro-mechanical continuously variable transmission （HMCVT） gearbox which can transmit 180 horsepower, virtual prototype of the HMCVT was built. Revolution speed of shafts, gears and clutches of the HMCVT were calibrated by using results obtained by theoretical calculation and test methods. The needed power and torques of both mechanical power input shaft and hydropower input shaft were calculated by simulation. Hydraulic power distributing ratio and power flow of the system was also studied. The analysis results showed that cycle power was produced inevitably when the output shaft speed of HMCVT change smoothly during mechanical and hydraulic working state HM1 to HM4, and the instantaneous maximum cycle power was 39.5%. Then the overall transmission efficiency of HMCVT was studied, and the maximum overall efficiency of the system was about 87%. The results of the studies gave references to select suited engine and variable displacement pump for the HMCVT, and to develop rational speed control strategies for the HMCVT by changing displacement ratio of variable displacement pump.

关键词： Tractor continuously variable transmission displacement ratio rotational speed torque power flow.

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