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Biochar contributes to resistance against root rot disease by stimulating soil polyphenol oxidase

Biochar 2023年第1期5卷 959-975页

作者： Shaohua Ge Jian Gao Dong Chang Tianyi He Heqing Cai Maoxian Wang Caibin Li Zhenbao Luo Yang E Jun Meng Mingxuan Gao National Biochar Institute of Shenyang Agricultural University Shenyang 110866China Key Laboratory of Biochar and Soil Improvement Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsShenyang 110866People’s Republic of China Pingdingshan Tobacco Company of Henan Province Pingdingshan 467000HenanChina Bijie Tobacco Company of Guizhou Province Bijie 551700GuizhouChina

Biochar has been considered an effective approach as soil amendment for decreasing incidences of disease and regulating microbial populations in continuous-cropping *** researches have extensively focused on changes of soil microbes and unbalance of nutrition in continuous-cropping soil,the relationship between soil properties and pathogens by biochar application remains poorly *** this study,we applied ITS ribosomal RNA gene profiling to analyze tobacco root microbiota of biochar and non-biochar treatment in a 3-year continuous-cropping tobacco field,comparing firstly planting tobacco as *** found that biochar application decreased the relative abundance of the soil fungal pathogens(Ceratobasidium and Monosporascus),which are the prime pathogens of tobacco root rot in continuous-cropping *** RDA,co-occurrence and PLS-PM approaches,we provided evidence that there was a negative correlation between fungal genera(especially for Ceratobasidium and Monosporascus)and soil polyphenol oxidase(PPO)activity(R^(2)_(incidence rate)=−0.930,R^(2)_(disease index)=−0.905,both proot ***,biochar application forward continuous cropping was more effective for the continuous-cropping soil improvement than the other *** data should help in appropriate timing of biochar application for alleviating continuous-cropping obstacle.

关键词： Continuous-cropping soil Tobacco root rot Biochar

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Assessing cotton defoliation, regrowth control and root rot infection using remote sensing technology

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International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering 2011年第4期4卷 1-11页

作者： Chenghai Yang Shoil M.Greenberg James H.Everitt Carlos J.Fernandez USDA-ARS Kika de la Garza Subtropical Agricultural Research CenterWeslacoTexas 78596USA Texas AgriLife Research and Extension Center Corpus ChristiTexas 78406USA

Cotton defoliation and post-harvest destruction are important cultural practices for cotton *** root rot is a serious and destructive disease that affects cotton yield and lint *** paper presents an overview and summary of the methodologies and results on the use of remote sensing technology for evaluating cotton defoliation and regrowth control methods and for assessing cotton root rot infection based on published *** reflectance spectra and airborne multispectral and hyperspectral imagery were used in these *** reflectance spectra effectively separated different levels of defoliation and airborne multispectral imagery permitted both visual and quantitative differentiations among defoliation *** ground reflectance and airborne imagery were able to differentiate cotton regrowth among different herbicide treatments for cotton stalk *** multispectral and hyperspectral imagery accurately identified root rot-infected areas within cotton *** from these studies indicate that remote sensing can be a useful tool for evaluating the effectiveness of cotton defoliation and regrowth control strategies and for detecting and mapping root rot damage in cotton *** with traditional visual observations and ground measurements,remote sensing techniques have the potential for effective and accurate assessments of various cotton production operations and pest conditions.

关键词： remote sensing cotton defoliation regrowth control root rot reflectance spectrum airborne multispectral imagery airborne hyperspectral imagery

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Separation and Screening of Biocontrol Actinomyces against Alfalfa root rot

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Plant Diseases and Pests 2010年第2期1卷 10-12,37页

作者：王兰英徐林波何勇乌兰巴特尔海南大学环境与植物保护学院海南儋州571737 中国农业科学院草原研究所内蒙古呼和浩特010010 青岛海源草坪有限公司山东青岛026300

[Objective] Actinomycetes with high antagonistic effects on alfalfa root rot pathogen was isolated from 10 soil samples in Chifeng Inner Mongolia. [Method] 91 actinomyces were separated from 10 soil samples in Chifeng Inner Mongolia by gradient dilution separation method. In duel culture tests, all isolates were tested for their antagonism by using 3 strains including Fusarium solani, F. oxysoporum, F. avenaceum of alfalfa root rot pathogenic bacteria as indicator strains. [Result] 5 strains with strong antagonistic effect on tested alfalfa root rot pathogen were obtained from No.1, No.4, No.6 and No.7 soil samples which were numbered 1-3-6, 4-4-2, 6-2-27 and 7-2-13 respectively, accounted for 5.50% in separated strains. [Conclusion] This study laid certain foundation for biological control of alfalfa root rot disease.

关键词： Actinomyces Antagonistic effect Alfalfa root rot

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Screening of Pepper Germplasm Resources Resistance to root rot

Screening of Pepper Germplasm Resources Resistance to Root R...

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中国植物病理学会2016年学术年会

作者：李雪萍 LIU Dan LI Huan-yu QI Yong-hong GUO Wei LI Xiao 李敏权 Gansu Academy of Agricultural Science Pratacultural College Gansu Agricultural University

Resistance of 21 varieties of pepper large-sized planted in Gansu province were measured in order to breed pepper varieties that were resistant to pepper root rot,results indicate that no immune variety was found in the 21 *** number of varieties found to be resistant and susceptible to *** was 14 and 7,*** the 14 resistant ones,differences were presented in their resistance and only 1 high-resistant variety was found,*** terms of ***,13 varieties were found to be resistant and other 8 varieties were all susceptible or *** the resistance of the 13 varieties varied,no high-resistant variety was *** were 11 varieties presented resistant to ***,90%of which were moderate-resistant,and the rest 10 varieties were susceptible to ***8,longjiao8,jinfu,lacui12 and jimei118 showed resistant to most of pathogenic bacteria,while hangjiao5,jinjiao1,dayingxiong et al showed susceptible or extreme susceptible to *** resistance of other tested varieties to diverse pathogenic bacteria was not completely the same.

关键词： Pepper root rot Resistant germplasm resources

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Occurrence Regularity and Prevention and Control Technology of Kiwifruit root rot

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Plant Diseases and Pests 2018年第2期9卷 9-11,20页

作者： Wang Jinli Yan Kai Han Shiming He Yanling Liupanshui Normal College Liupanshui 553000 China

Kiwifruit root rot is an important root disease of kiwifruit, which has occurred increasingly in recent years. The disease leads to the death of whole kiwifruit plant under severe condition, and has become an important disease restricting kiwi fruit industry development. The characteris-tics, occurrence, etiology and symptoms of kiwifruit root rot were introduced in the paper, and the prevention and control technology against the dis-ease were put forward from the aspects of agriculture, biology and chemistry.

关键词： Kiwifruit root rot Occurrence regularity Prevention and control technology

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First Report of Serratia plymuthica Causing Ginseng root rot in Northeastern China

First Report of Serratia plymuthica Causing Ginseng Root Rot...

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中国植物病理学会2017年学术年会

作者： Li Weiguang Han Chao College of Plant Protection Shandong Agricultural University

Specific bacterial disease symptoms were observed on ginseng root in almost all regions in Dandong,Liaoning Province in *** we all know,ginseng is one of the major cash crops grown in Northeastern *** the past few years,soil-borne diseases of ginseng caused very serious problems,particularly the root rot which made the control and management *** plant growth and apex putrescence are the typical symptoms for root rot whichis mostly causedby pathogenic ***,bacterial soft of ginseng root is rarely *** the purpose of identification of agents causing bacterialroot rot,pathogen was isolated from the infected root and purified on nutrient *** pathogenicity was confirmed using pathogenicity test on ginseng *** bacteria were identified biochemically and molecularly as Serratia plyrnuthica using molecular techniques-16 S rRNA sequence *** our best knowledge,this is the first report of ginseng root rotcaused by pathogenic bacteria as Serratia plyrnuthica.

关键词： Serratia plymuthica Bacterial disease Ginseng root rot

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Damage and Control Suggestions for the Emerging Disease Coffee root rot

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Plant Diseases and Pests 2024年第4期15卷 13-16页

作者： Xingfei FU Guiping LI Faguang HU Institute of Tropical and Subtropical Cash Crops Yunnan Academy of Agricultural SciencesBaoshan 678000China

[Objectives]The paper was to elucidate the symptoms,morphological characteristics,etiological factors,and current extent of damage associated with coffee root rot disease.[Methods]The symptoms,morphological characteristics,and etiological factors associated with coffee root rot disease were systematically observed,described,and *** assessment of damage was carried out using a specialized investigative methodology.[Results]The application of bottom fertilizer containing Fusarium incarnatum facilitated the pathogen's entry through root wounds during transplantation,resulting in the development of water-soaked depression lesions in the affected *** infection significantly reduced the number of lateral roots in coffee plants,leading to symptoms such as wilting,withering,and ultimately,the death of the aboveground *** exhibited three distinct types of spore morphology:macroconidia,which were sickle-shaped;mesoconidia,which were spindle-shaped;and microconidia,which were *** incidence rate of the disease in the affected region reached 100%,with a disease index exceeding 91,indicating severe damage.[Conclusions]This study serves as a valuable reference for the prevention and management of the emerging disease known as coffee root rot.

关键词： Coffea arabica root rot Fusarium incarnatum Prevention and control New diseases

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Isolation and Identification of root rot Fungus of Astragalus membranaceus

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Agricultural Biotechnology 2018年第4期7卷 246-249页

作者： Yipeng WANG Jiaqi LUO Shiyao SHAN Jishan JIANG Xueli QUAN Songquan WU Shichen HUANG Agricultural college Yanbian UniversityYanji 133002China Dunhua Potato Development and Breeding Center Dunhua 133700China

The perennial root of Astragalus membranaceus is used as a medicine, while root rot is a main factor causing reduction of quality and commodity value of A. membranaceus . The screening and research of the pathogenic species and their characteristics could provide theoretical and practical basis for the control of this disease. A pathogenic strain was isolated and purified from the root part of four-year-old A. membranaceus , and identified by morphological and molecular biological methods as Fusarium oxysporum . This study will provide a theoretical basis for the research of the biological characteristics and control of F. oxysporum .

关键词： Astragalus membranaceus root rot Pathogen identification

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First report of Fusarium solani and Fusarium proliferatum causing root rot of Clivia miniata in China

First report of Fusarium solani and Fusarium proliferatum ca...

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中国植物病理学会2019年学术年会

作者： SunYue Wang Rui Wang Fengting Pan Hongyu Liu Jinliang Department of Plant Protection College of Plant SciencesJilin University

Clivia miniata is a famous and precious indoor ornamental flower which has been reported to have extensional and commercial *** the summer of 2018,root rot disease was observed on *** during the flowing phase in flower nurseries in Changchun city,Jilin Province,*** symptoms occurred on succulent roots as small brown irregular necrotic spots with a diameter ranging from＜1 up to 10 mm *** necrosis gradually expanded to the whole root,later developed to the root cortex rot,usually accompanied by yellow *** infected plants were broken off from the *** causal agent was isolated on potato dextrose agar（PDA） and incubated at 25℃in the dark for 7 *** with different morphological characteristics were further *** these isolates were first identified by morphological characteristics as Fusarium solani and Fusarium proliferatum *** internal transcribed spacers（ITS1 and ITS2） and the 5.8 S gene were amplified and *** sequence with 539 nt and 529 nt were deposited in GenBank（accession ***642620,MK644026 respectively）.BLAST analysis of the sequences showed 100% identity with ***（accession ***459978.1） and ***（accession ***251448.1）,*** on morphological and molecular analysis,the isolated fungal strains were identified as *** and *** pathogenicity was confirmed through inoculation by injecting conidial suspension into roots of healthy plants to fulfill Koch’s *** month after inoculation,only conidial suspension-inoculated plants（either strain or both） showed root rot symptoms similar to those found in plants used as the inoculum source,whereas the control plants remained no *** confirm the identity of causal pathogen on symptomatic inoculated plants,*** and *** were successfully re-isolated separately or together from the corresponding inoculated roots,thus completing Koch’s *** the best

关键词： Fusarium solani Fusarium proliferatum root rot Clivia miniata

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Hormone responses of loquat plant to Trichoderma P3.9 and pathogen of loquat root rot

Hormone responses of loquat plant to Trichoderma P3.9 and pa...

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中国植物病理学会2021年学术年会

作者： LU Haiju ZHU Haiyan XIONG Xinyan FENG Yu ZHAO Mengjuan Department of Life Science and Technology Honghe College

In order to find out the difference of hormone responses of loquat plant to the beneficial fungi and the pathogenic fungi,and to determine the signal transduction pathway of loquat plant induced by the endophytic Trichoderma P3.9 to resist the pathogen of root *** P3.9 and the pathogen of loquat of root rot P3.1,P3.5 and P3.6 strains were used as research *** the 1 year loquat seedlings of root innoculated by single T.P3.9 as the treatment group,by mixture with the T.P3.9 and the respective pathogen of loquat root rot P3.1,P3.5 and P3.6 strains as the positive group,and without inoculation as the negative control *** dosages are respective 20 g T.P3.9 biological agent and3 mycelia pieces diameter 5 mm each loquat *** changes of jasmonic acid,free salicylic acid and combinative salicylic acid in loquat roots,stems and leaves were tested by high performance liquid *** results showed that *** P3.9 interacted with loquat plant,which increased the content of JA,free SA and bound SA in loquat roots and *** content of JA in leaves was not affected,but that of free SA was decreased,and the content of bound SA was *** indicates that *** P3.9 activates both JA and SA signaling molecules to initiate the defense system of loquat *** P3.9 interacted with the pathogen of loquat root rot,which increased the contents of JA,free SA and bound SA in stems,and the content of free SA in *** indicates that when loquat plant was attacked by the pathogen of loquat root rot,*** P3.9 can maintain high content of JA and SA in loquat stem,and activate the defense system of it,which had synergistic effect on the increase of SA content in loquat root,so as to resist the attack of the pathogen of loquat root *** T.P3.9 respectively interacted with the pathogens P3.1,P3.5 and P3.6,it was not consistent that the change of JA content in *** JA content of the former was decreased,but the latter was

关键词： Trichoderma loquat root rot jasmonic acid salicylic acid high performance liquid chromatography

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