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Removal of roosters alters the domestic phenotype and microbial and genetic profile of hens

Science China(Life Sciences) 2021年第11期64卷 1964-1976页

作者： Hai Xiang Siyu Chen Hui Zhang Xu Zhu Dan Wang Huagui Liu Jikun Wang Tao Yin Langqing Liu Minghua Kong Jian Zhang Hua Li Simon Turner Xingbo Zhao Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Molecular Design and Precise Breeding School of Life Science and EngineeringFoshan UniversityFoshan 528225China National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding Key Laboratory of Animal GeneticsBreeding and ReproductionMinistry of AgricultureCollege of Animal Science and TechnologyChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine Beijing Academy of Agricultural and Forestry SciencesBeijing 100097China Key Laboratory of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Animal Genetic Resource Reservation and Utilization Ministry of EducationInstitute of Tibetan Plateau ResearchSouthwest Minzu UniversityChengdu 610041China Animal and Veterinary Sciences Research Group Scotland’s Rural CollegeEdinburghEH93JGUK

Hens are raised apart from roosters in modern poultry production, a substantial change from their natural social structure. We compared productivity, injuries, behavior, physiology, microbiome and transcriptome of hens housed with(R+) or without(R–)roosters to quantify the effects of this change in social structure. Hens were raised free-range from 70 to 280 days when 30 birds per treatment were assigned to battery cages until Day 315(R+C vs. R–C), while 30 birds per treatment remained in free-range pens(R+F vs. R–F). Response to a novel environment and object, behavioral time budgets, cecum microbiome, blood composition and transcriptomic sequencing of thigh muscle and spleen were analyzed. Hens housed without roosters showed better survival, consumed less food, produced more eggs and had better feed conversion. R+F hens clustered around the rooster and were less mobile in the novel environment and object tests. R+F hens displayed the richest microbiome, and the presence of roosters resulted in differentially expressed genes related to muscle development, cellular processes, environmental information processing and immune function. Removing roosters from housed hens intensified desirable characteristics favored by domestication probably operating by deprivation of mating behavior and reduced fear, along with altered microbial and genetic function.

关键词： chicken domestic phenotype fear gut microbiome rooster transcriptome

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Effects of L-Arginine supplementation on semen quality, testosterone concentration and testes histological parameters of Ross 308 breeder roosters

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Asian pacific Journal of Reproduction 2017年第3期6卷 133-135页

作者： Ahangar M. Asadzadeh S. Rezaeipour V. Zareh Shahneh A. Department of Animal Science Qaemshahr BranchIslamic Azad UniversityQaemshahrIran Department of Animal Science Faculty of Agricultural and Natural ResourcesUniversity of TehranTehranIran

Objective:To assess the effects of dietary L-Arginine (L-Arg) supplementation on testes histological parameters and semen quality of male broiler ***: Twenty male broiler breeders at 37 wk of age were distributed in a completely randomized design with 4 treatments and 5 replicates each. The treatments consisted of 4 dietary levels of L-Arg (0.00, 1.35, 2.33 and 3.22 g/kg of the diet) and fed to birds for 8 wk. At the end of the experiment semen samples were collected by abdominal massage to determination of semen quality. The blood samples were used to determination of serum testosterone concentration at the end of the experiment. Furthermore, testes from each rooster were used to evaluation of their weights and histological ***:The results of the experiment showed that dietary L-Arg at 2.33 g/kg improved testes weight, semen volume and sperm forward motility in roosters (Proosters fed 2.33 g/kg L-Arg (Proosters.

关键词： rooster Arginine Reproductive performance Semen quality

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A Histological Study on Subacute Toxicity of "Baikening" in Hy-Line Brown roosters

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Agricultural Biotechnology 2013年第6期2卷 52-54,58页

作者： Qiumei SHI Ping SHEN Shuzhen DONG Zhongjun HU Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine of Hebei Province College of Animal Science and TechnologyHebei Normal University of Science and Technology

[ Objective] A histological study was conducted to investigate the toxicity of ＂Baikening＂ and the toxic effect of ＂Baikening＂ on roosters after longer- term administration at different dose levels. [ Method] Thirty 21-day-old Hy-Line Brown roosters were administered with 0.5 and 1.0 ml of ＂Balkening＂ aqueous extract through drinking water once a day for continuous 14 d. roosters in control group and experimental groups after drug administration for 14 d and drug with- dmwal for 7 d were euthatfized; livers, kidneys, thymuses, spleens and bursas of Fabricius were collected and weighed for comparative analysis. Various tissues were prepared into paraffin-embedded slices and stained by H. E. , to observe histological changes of various organs under an optical microscope. [ Result ] After drug administration for 14 d, all the roosters in experimental groups survived; there was no visible pathological change in various organs of Hy-Line Brown roosters in each group; organ weights of Fly-Line Brown roosters in various groups showed no significant difference; observation results of tissue slices indicated that there was no pathological change in fine structures, nuclei and cytoplasm of various organs of Hy-Line Brown roosters in different groups ; various blood vessels in different organs also presented no change in blood circulation or other pathological changes. [ Conclusion] ＂Baikening＂ aqueous extract （oral administration） has no toxic and side effect on roosters in the subacute toxicity experiment.

关键词： Chinese herbal medicine rooster Toxicity

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The correlationship between the metabolizable energy content,chemical composition and color score in different sources of corn DDGS

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2014年第3期5卷 340-347页

作者： Yong-Z Jie Jian-Y Zhang Li-H Zhao Qiu-G Ma Cheng Ji State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition College of Animal Science and TechnologyChina Agricultural University

Background： This study was conducted to evaluate the apparent metabolizable energy （AME） and true metabolizable energy （TME） contents in 30 sources of corn distillers dried grains with solubles （DDGS） in adult roosters, and establish the prediction equations to estimate the AME and TME value based on its chemical composition and color score. Methods： Twenty-eight sources of corn DDGS made from several processing plants in 11 provinces of China and others imported from the United States. DDGS were analyzed for their metabolizable energy （ME） contents, measured for color score and chemical composition （crude protein, crude fat, ash, neutral detergent fiber, acid detergent fiber）, to predict the equation of ME in DDGS. A precision-fed rooster assay was used, each DDGS sample was tube fed （50 g） to adult roosters. The experiment was conducted as a randomized incomplete block design with 3 periods. Ninety-five adult roosters were used in each period, with 90 being fed the DDGS samples and 5 being fasted to estimate basal endogenous energy losses. Results： Results showed that the AME ranged from 5.93 to 12.19 MJ/kg, TME ranged from 7.28 to 13.54 MJ/kg. Correlations were found between ME and ash content （-0.64, P 〈 0.0]） and between ME and yellowness score （0.39, P 〈 0.05） of the DDGS samples. Furthermore, the best-fit regression equation for AME content of DDGS based on chemical composition and color score was AME = 6.57111 ＋ 0.5]475 GE - 0.10003 NDF ＋ 0.1 3380 ADF ＋ 0.07057 fat - 0.57029 ash - 0.02437 L （R^2 = 0.70）. The best-fit regression equation for TME content of DDGS was TME = 7.92283 ＋ 0.51475 GE - 0.10003 NDF ＋ 0.13380 ADF ＋ 0.07057 fat - 0.57029 ash - 0.02437 L （R2 = 0.70）. Conclusions： This experiment suggested that measuring the chemical composition and color score of a corn DDGS sample may provide a quality parameter for identifying corn DDGS sources energy digestibility and metabolizable energy content.

关键词： Metabolizable energy Distillers dried grains with solubles rooster Predictive equation

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A Contrastive Study of Chicken between Chinese and English from the Perspective of Metaphor

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海外英语 2014年第18期 265-266页

作者：严旭西南大学重庆400715

As a phenomenon of language, metaphor has profound cultural connotations. It is not merely a matter of language, but a mode of thought and an effective cognitive tool for human to perceive things. This paper focuses o... 详细信息

关键词： metaphor chicken rooster Chinese English zodiac

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