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Models and measurements of seven years of evapotranspiration on a high elevation site on the Central Tibetan Plateau

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Journal of Mountain Science 2020年第12期17卷 3039-3053页

作者： WANG Li-hui HE Xiao-bo Jakob FSTEINER ZHANG Dong-wei WU Jin-kui WANG Shao-yong DING Yong-jian State Key Laboratory of Cryospheric Science Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and ResourcesChinese Academy of SciencesLanzhou 730000China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Department of Physical Geography Utrecht UniversityUtrecht 3584CBNetherlands

Evapotrantaspiration is a crucial part of the hydrological cycle but few ground observatories for the Tibetan Plateau *** this study,we present lysimeter measurements from the growing season during seven years at a remote field location on the Tibetan *** measurements show rates between 2.5 and 3 mm·d-1 during the warmer months from June to August,dropping to 2 to 2.5 mm·d-1 in *** results in a total volume of evapotranspiration of approximately 300 mm·yr-1 for the months from June to *** inter-daily variability is however large,and comparison to meteorological variables suggest that this is largely driven by radiation and *** for a single season from a nearby flux tower allows us to compare the two common measurement methods for evapotranspiration in the field,showing an overall good agreement between the *** also tested commonly applied models used to estimate evapotranspiration rates,namely the FAO-PenmanMonteith(PM) and the Priestly-Taylor(PT) model,which both make use of radiation data as well as the simpler Hargreaves-Samani(HS) and rohwer(R)models which only need air temperature and wind speed as *** most data intensive model(PM)has the lowest root mean square error(RMSE)(1.36 mm·d-1) and the mean bias error(MBE)(-0.05 mm·d-1) and reproduces the daily variability generally *** much simpler HS model performs slightly worse(1.38 and 0.35 mm·d-1),but fails to reproduce the variability,due to its lack of information of local radiation and humidity *** results are in line with large scale estimates of evapotranspiration for the cold and arid region,provide a first long time series of in-situ measurements from a high elevation site and suggest that both the PM and HS models are appropriate when no direct measurements are available.

关键词： Evapotranspiration Alpine meadow FAO-Penman-Monteith Priestley-Taylor Hargreaves-Samani rohwer Lysimeter

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