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Journal of Earth Science 2021年第4期32卷 1022-1034页

作者： Mohammad Parandavar Jalil Sadouni Exploration Directorate of the National Iranian Oil Company Studies and Researches OfficeTehranIran Department of Geology Faculty of sciencesFerdowsi University of MashhadMashhadIran

Hydrocarbon source potential of the Paleogene Pabdeh Formation was studied by means of organic geochemistry and distribution of calcareous *** on the results,an Eoceneaged organic matter(OM)-rich interval was identified and traced across different parts of the North Dezful zone and partly Abadan *** order to characterize the OM quality and richness of the studied intervals,rock-eval pyrolysis and nannofossils evaluation were performed,and the geochemical data collected along selected wells were correlated to capture the variations of thickness and source potential of the OM-rich ***,remarkable variations were identified within the depth ranges of 2480–2552 m and also 2200–2210 m,which were attributed to the maximum increase in the rate of growth R-selected *** increase in the productivity rate was found to be well correlated to high rock-eval total organic carbon(TOC)and hydrogen index(HI)*** that the maturity of Pabdeh Formation in the studied area was found to have reached the oil window,we expect significant hydrocarbon generation(Type II kerogen),making the play economically highly promising.

关键词： calcareous nannofossils rock-eval organic geochemistry Paleogene paleo-productivity diversity Dezful

Quick evaluation of Present-Day Low-Total Organic Carbon Carbonate Source rocks from rock-eval Data: Middle–Upper Ordovician in the Tabei Uplift, Tarim Basin

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2018年第4期92卷 1558-1573页

作者： CHEN Junqing PANG Xiongqi YANG Haljun PANG Hong PANG Bo State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources and Prospecting China university of Petroteurn Beijing 102249 China College of Geosciences China University of Petroleum Beijing 102249 China Geological Survey of Canada Natural Resources Canada Calgary T2L 2A 7 Canada Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Development PetroChina Tarim Oilfield Company Korla 841000 China

Previous studies have postulated the contribution of present-day low-total organic carbon （TOC） marine carbonate source rocks to oil accumulations in the Tabei Uplift, Tarim Basin, China. However, not all present-day low-TOC carbonates have generated and expelled hydrocarbons; therefore, to distinguish the source rocks that have already expelled sufficient hydrocarbons from those not expelled hydrocarbons, is crucial in source rock evaluation and resource assessment in the Tabei Uplift. Mass balance can be used to identify modern low-TOC carbonates resulting from hydrocarbon expulsion. However, the process is quite complicated, requiring many parameters and coefficients and thus also a massive data source. In this paper, we provide a quick and cost effective method for identifying carbonate source rock with present-day low TOC, using widely available rock-eval data. First, we identify present-day low-TOC carbonate source rocks in typical wells according to the mass balance approach. Second, we build an optimal model to evaluate source rocks from the analysis of the rocks＇ characteristics and their influencing factors, reported as positive or negative values of a dimensionless index of rock-eval data （IR）. Positive IR corresponds to those samples which have expelled hydrocarbons. The optimal model optimizes complicated calculations and simulation processes; thus it could be widely applicable and competitive in the evaluation of present-day low TOC carbonates. By applying the model to the rock-eval dataset of the Tabei Uplift, we identify present-day iow-TOC carbonate source rocks and primarily evaluate the contribution equivalent of 11.87×10^9 t oil.

关键词： present-day low-TOC carbonate source rocks quick evaluation model rock-eval TabeiUplift

rock-eval热分解法及其在土壤有机碳研究中的应用

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土壤与作物 2022年第3期11卷 282-289页

作者：张延高燕张旸 Gregorich Edward 李秀军陈学文张士秀梁爱珍中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所黑土区农业生态重点实验室吉林长春130102 中国科学院大学北京100049 加拿大农业与农业食品部渥太华研究中心渥太华K1A 0C6

土壤有机碳的稳定性影响土壤固碳潜力,如何提取土壤活性及稳定性碳组分用以定量表征土壤有机碳稳定性,是土壤固碳研究领域的关键科学问题。当前,提取土壤有机碳活性及稳定性组分的方法多样,包括物理、化学及生物手段,导致结果难以比较,... 详细信息

土壤有机碳的稳定性影响土壤固碳潜力,如何提取土壤活性及稳定性碳组分用以定量表征土壤有机碳稳定性,是土壤固碳研究领域的关键科学问题。当前,提取土壤有机碳活性及稳定性组分的方法多样,包括物理、化学及生物手段,导致结果难以比较,同时存在耗时长、成本高及操作步骤繁琐等缺点。所以,亟需一种高效、可信度高且应用广泛的测定方法。对比分析不同热分解技术的优缺点,包括热裂解气相-质谱联用测定技术、热重分析技术、差示扫描量热分析技术及rock-eval(RE)热分解方法,普遍认为RE方法操作简单、耗时短、成本低、结果易于分析,可信度较高,可以很好地表征土壤有机碳稳定性,有利于土壤有机碳研究的横向对比。本文通过Citespace软件综述了RE方法在土壤学和有机碳研究中发展过程,梳理了其应用现状及进展。提出RE方法有助于通过建立不同土地利用方式、气候带以及不同土壤质地间活性及稳定性碳库的比较网络体系,完善我国土壤碳库监测系统。

关键词：土壤有机碳热分解 rock-eval 活性及稳定性碳

A New Method for Hydrocarbon Loss Recovering of rock-eval Pyrolysis

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Journal of China University of Mining and Technology 2004年第2期14卷 200-203页

作者：吴欣松王延斌邹小勇 University of Petroleum Beijing 102249 China School of Resources and Safety Engineering CUMT Beijing 100083 China Tarim Oilfields Company Kuler Xinjiang 841000 China

How to accurately recover the hydrocarbon loss is a crucial step in reservoir evaluation by rock-eval pyrolysis. However, it is very difficult to determine the recovering coefficients because there are numerous factors causing the hydrocarbon loss. Aiming at this problem, a new method named critical point analysis is put forward in this paper. The first step of the method is to find the critical point by drawing the scatterplot of hydrocarbon contents versus the ratio of the light component of with the heavy component of;And the second step is to calculate the recovering coefficient by contrasting the pyrolysis parameters at the critical point of different sample types. This method is not only been explained reasonably theoretically,but also has got a good application effect in Huanghua depression.

关键词： Geochemistry Reservoir evaluation rock-eval pyrolysis

Characteristics of Hydrogen-rich Coals in Southern China:Implications from Organic Geochemistry and Carbon Isotopic Compositions

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2022年第1期96卷 309-320页

作者： LIN Yuhan WANG Shaoqing YANG Zongda ZHAO Yungang YANG Yi College of Geoscience and Surveying Engineering China University of Mining and Technology(Beijing)Beijing 100083China Wanbao Mining Ltd. Beijing 100053China

The organic geochemical characteristics of hydrogen-rich coal in southern China were investigated synthetically through organic geochemistry and carbon isotope *** results showed that the hydrogen contents of the test samples were more than 5.0% and the H/C atomic ratios were between *** were found to be composed mostly of Type Ⅱ-Ⅲ℃ kerogen,consistent with good hydrocarbon-generation *** R_(o)(0.54-1.10%)and T_(max)(430-453℃)values imply that the hydrogen-rich coals were in low maturity to mature *** carbon isotopic ratios(δ^(13)C_(org))of the samples used varied from −24.5‰ to −23.4‰,the barkinite content ranging from 13.9% to 83.3%,indicating a predominantly terrestrial origin with marine influence during coal *** organic geochemical parameters showed corresponding changes as the hydrogen content increased from 5.0% to 7.0%,however,the source inputs changed significantly when hydrogen content was greater than 6.0%.Terrestrial higher plants gradually become predominant within the coal-forming materials,whereas this dominant position is not apparent at lower hydrogen contents,which is attributable to the strong seawater effect during the hydrogen-rich coal formation process.

关键词： hydrogen-rich coal carbon isotope geochemistry rock-eval GC GC-MS

Bulk petroleum geochemistry of shales from the onshore Rio del Rey Basin,Cameroon

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Energy Geoscience 2022年第2期3卷 111-119页

作者： Christopher M.Agyingi Noel C.Tangko Emmanuel Eseme Department of Geology University of BueaCameroon P.O.Box 63BueaCameroon Activation Laboratories Ltd AncasterONCanada

Petroleum production in the Rio del Rey Basin,which is an extension of the Niger Delta of Nigeria into Cameroon,has been limited to the Tertiary offshore portion since the late *** to dedlining reserves in this offshore portion,the onshore Cretaceous portion of the basin attracted significant attention in the last *** the present *** from outcrops in the onshore portion of the basin were analyzed to evaluate their potential as source rocks,assess hydrocarbon generation,and highlight their signifcance for *** observations,total organic carbon(TOC)measure-ments,and rock eval pyrolysis were used to generate data for these ***-eval S2 values(0.42-3 mg HC/g rock)based on measured present-day TOC values(0.58-2.44 wtx)of the shales studied signify poor to fair source rock potentials,whereas calculated S2 values(1.74-8.19 mg HC/g rock)based on estimated original TOC values(0.67-2.87 wt%)produced fair to good source rocks containing Type Ⅱ/Ⅲ kerogen,which were transformed by maturity to the present-day Type Ⅲ/Ⅳ *** of the samples based on Tmax values varying between 439 and 471℃are equivalent to maturity values ranging between 0.74% R_(r) and 1.32% R_(r), and these represent the peak oil to condensate/wet gas zones of hy-drocarbon *** results demonstrate that mature source rocks are present in the onshore part of the Rio del Rey Basin,and thus,it is suitable for petroleum exploration.

关键词： Shale Rio del Rey Basin Total organic carbon rock-eval Petroleum geochemistry Cameroon

Organo-petrographic and geochemical characteristics of Gurha lignite deposits,Rajasthan,India:Insights into the palaeovegetation,palaeoenvironment and hydrocarbon source rock potential

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Geoscience Frontiers 2020年第3期11卷 965-988页

作者： Runcie Paul Mathews Bhagwan DSingh Vikram Partap Singh Alpana Singh Hukam Singh Mahesh Shivanna Suryendu Dutta Vinod A.Mendhe Rimpy Chetia DST-Birbal Sahni Institute of Palaeosciences Lucknow226007India Department of Earth Sciences Indian Institute of Technology BombayMumbai400076India CSIR-Central Institute of Mining and Fuel Research Dhanbad826015India

The sedimentary sequence containing lignite deposits in Gurha quarry of the Bikaner-Nagaur Basin(Rajasthan)has been *** samples from lignite and allied shale horizons were evaluated for petrographical,palynological,palynofacies and organic geochemical inferences,to depict the source flora and to reconstruct the palaeodepositional conditions prevailed during the *** assessment for the hydrocarbon generation potential of these deposits has also been *** results revealed the dominance of huminite macerals and phytoclasts organic matter(OM) indicating the existence of forested vegetation in the vicinity of the depositional site.A relatively high terrigenous/aquatic ratio(TAR) and the carbon preference index(CPI) are also suggesting the contribution of higher plants in the peat ***,the n-alkane distributions,maximizing at n-C17 and n-C29,showed inputs from the algal communities along with the higher plant derived organic *** palynomorphs of the families Onagraceae,Meliaceae,Arecaceae,Rhizophoraceae,Rubiaceae,Ctenolophonaceae, *** with oleanene and ursane types of triterpenoids suggest the contribution from angiosperms source ***,the presence of Araucareaceae and Podocarpaceae pollen grains shows the existence of gymnosperms ***,the presence of tetracyclic diterpanes;demethylated entbeyerane,sandaracopimarane,pimarane,and Kaurane type of compounds confirms the contribution of *** variation in the values of the coefficient of non-equality(H:0.68%-7.56%),the standard deviation(8:0.04%-0.16%) and the coefficient of variability(V:16.10%-46.47%),also shows the heterogeneity in the source organic *** various petrographical indices,palynological entities,and geochemical parameters indicate that the peatforming vegetation was accumulated under a mixed environment and fluctuating hydrological *** interpretation of palynofacies data on APP(Amorphous organ

关键词： Palynofacies Biomarkers rock-eval Palaeocene deposits Bikaner-Nagaur Basin

Eocene lignites from Cambay basin, Western India： An excellent source of hydrocarbon

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Geoscience Frontiers 2016年第5期7卷 811-819页

作者： P.K.Singh V.K.Singh P.K.Rajak M.P.Singh A.S.Naik S.V.Raju D.Mohanty Coal & Organic Petrology Lab Centre of Advanced Study in Geology Banaras Hindu University Varanasi 221005 Uttar Pradesh India Research & Development Oil India Limited Duliajan Assam 786 602 India Central Institute of Mining and Fuel Research Barwa Road Dhanbad 826015 India

In the present paper lignites from the Cambay basin have been studied for their hydrocarbon *** samples were collected from three lignite fieldse Vastan, Rajpardi and Tadkeshwar, and were investigated by petrography, chemical analyses and rock-eval pyrolysis. The results are well comparable with the empirically derived values. The study reveals that these ‘low rank C＇ lignites are exceedingly rich in reactive macerals（huminite t liptinite） while inertinite occurs in low concentration. These high volatile lignites generally have low ash yield except in few sections. The rock-eval data indicates the dominance of kerogen type-III with a little bit of type-II. The study reveals that the lignites of Vastan（lower and upper seams） and Tadkeshwar upper seam are more gas-prone while Rajpardi and Tadkeshwar lower seams are oil-prone. Further, the fixed hydrocarbons are several times higher than the free hydrocarbons. The relation between TOC and fixed hydrocarbon indicates that these lignites are excellent source rock for hydrocarbon which could be obtained mainly through thermal cracking. The empirically derived values reveal a high conversion（94e96%） and high oil yield（64e66%） for these lignites.

关键词： Eocene lignites Cambay basin rock-eval Maceral Hydrocarbon

Biostratigraphy, Palynofacies and Organic Geochemical Characterization of Three Wells, Western Offshore Niger Delta Nigeria

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Open Journal of Geology 2023年第5期13卷 504-535页

作者： Oluwafemi Gabriel Ogunsanya Joshua Babatunde Asere Olugbenga Ademola Boboye Kehinde Sunday Bosikun Grace Adewumi Adegboye Department of Geology University of Ibadan Ibadan Oyo Nigeria

Ditch samples from AP-4, ER-51 and UK-2 offshore Niger Delta were subjected to biostratigraphic and organic geochemical analyses which entail foraminiferal, palynological, Spore Colour Index (SCI), rock-eval Pyrolysis and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) analyses. The results have established N19 and N17;N17, N16 and N15;and N9 and N8 biozones;and P600 and P700 palynological zones. The dominance of palynomaceral (PM) I and II suggests Type III kerogen. PM III and IV (Type II and IV) were recorded. SCI ranges from 3/4 to 5/6 suggesting an early to mature liquid hydrocarbon generation phase. rock-eval Pyrolysis shows that the Total Organic Carbon (TOC), Hydrogen Index (HI), Pyrolysis temperature (Tmax), and Vitrinite Reflectance (VRo) range from 2.48 wt% - 6.37 wt%, 78 - 258, 411°C - 431°C and 0.26% - 0.69% respectively suggesting high TOC of Type II/III kerogen. FTIR indices show Type I kerogen in all the wells. VRo results range from 0.4 - 0.5 indicating an immature source. High concentrations of aliphatic saturates in identified functional groups indicate a low biodegradation. The abundance and diversity of recovered assemblages and dominance of PM I and II suggest shallow depositional environments with an age range of late Miocene to early Pliocene. Palynomaceral, SCI, and rock-eval inference contradict FTIR kerogen type suggesting that IR spectroscopy might not be suitable for kerogen typing and origin. The geochemical and biostratigraphical inferences must be corroborated for a successful evaluation. However, the source rock in the study area has adequate organic matter with the prospect to generate both oil and gas at appropriate maturity.

关键词： Biostratigraphy rock-eval Palynofacies Infrared Spectroscopy Palynomaceral

A study on assessment of hydrocarbon potential of the lignite deposits of Saurashtra basin, Gujarat （Western India）

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International Journal of Coal Science & Technology 2017年第4期4卷 310-321页

作者： Prakash K. Singh V. K. Singh P. K. Rajak Neeraj Mathur Coal and Organic Petrology Lab Centre of Advanced Studyin Geology Banaras Hindu University VaranasiUttar Pradesh 221005 India Centre of Excellence for Energy Studies Oil India LimitedRukminigaon GS Road Guwahati Assam 781022 India

In the present investigation, Bhavnagar lignites of the Saurashtra basin (Gujarat) have been studied to assess their hydrocarbon generating potential. The samples of upper as well as lower lignite seams have been studied through microscopy and subjected to various chemical analyses viz. proximate analysis, ultimate analysis and rock-eval Pyrolysis. These lignites have high moisture and low to moderate ash yield but are characterized by high volatile matter. Petrographically they comprise predominantly of huminite group maceral while liptinite and inertinite groups occur in subordinated amount. Huminite is chiefly composed of detrohuminite and telohuminite. The T max (av. 416.23 °C) and huminite reflectivity (0.28%–0.30%) indicate a low degree of maturity for these lignites which is also substantiated by the T max versus hydrogen index plot. The organic matter is subjugated by kerogen Type-III with a potential to expel hydrocarbon on liquefaction. Study further reveals that the fixed hydrocarbon is several folds higher than the free hydrocarbons. Being high in reactive maceral content, a high ‘conversion’ and good ‘oil yield’ values for these lignites were observed. Thus, the empirically derived values match well with those obtained through the experimental values of rock-eval Pyrolysis and validate their hydrocarbon generating potential.

关键词： Saurashtra lignite Reactive maceral rock-eval Hydrocarbon generating potential