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Journal of Earth Science 2021年第4期32卷 986-997页

作者： Jingwei Cui Xuanjun Yuan Songtao Wu Ruifeng Zhang Song Jin Yang Li Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Development CNPCBeijing 100083China Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Reservoirs CNPCBeijing 100083China National Energy Tight Oil and Gas R&D Center Beijing 100083China Exploration Department of PetroChina Huabei Company Renqiu 062552China Hebei Institute of Geological Survey Shijiazhuang 050081China

Due to the complicated lithology in the ES3 Member of the Shahejie Formation in the Shulu sag,Jizhong depression,it is difficult to classify the rock types and characterize the reservoirs at the marl *** this paper,a four-element classification method has been proposed,and seven rock types have been identified by analyzing the mineral *** primary rock types are medium-high organic carbonate rocks and medium-high organic shaly-siliceous carbonate *** the methods of field emission scanning electron microscopy,high-pressure mercury intrusion,nitrogen adsorption,and nano-CT,four types of reservoir spaces have been identified,including intra-granular pores,intergranular pores(inter-crystalline pores),organic pores,and *** combining the method of high-pressure mercury intrusion with the method of the nitrogen adsorption,the porosity of the marl has been measured,ranging from 0.73%to 5.39%.The distribution of the pore sizes is bimodal,and the pore types are dominated by micron *** this study,it has been concluded that the sag area to the east of Well ST1H is the favorable area for the development of self-sourced and self-reservoired shale *** to the results of geochemical and reservoir analysis,the III Oil Group may have sweet spot layers.

关键词： marl shale oil play rock types tight reservoir Bohai Bay Basin

The rock types and Reservoir Characteristics of Shahejie Formation Marl in Shulu Sag， Jizhong Depression， Bohai Bay Basin

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Journal of Earth Science 2020年

作者： JingweiCui XuanjunYuan SongtaoWu RuifengZhang SongJin YangLi ResearchInstituteofPetroleumExplorationandDevelopment NationalResearchCenterofTightOil PetroChinaHuabeiCompany HebeiInstituteofGeologicalsurvey

Due to the complicated lithology in the S3Member of the Shahejie Formation in the Shulu Sag， Jizhong Depression， it is difficult to classify the rock types and characterize the reservoirs at the marl intervals. In this paper， a four-element classification method has been proposed， and seven rock types have been identified by analyzing the mineral composition. The primary rock types are medium-high organic carbonate rocks and medium-high organic shaly-siliceous carbonate rocks. With the methods of field emission scanning electron microscopy， high-pressure mercury intrusion， nitrogen adsorption， and nano-CT， four types of reservoir spaces have been identified， including intra-granular pores， inter-granular pores （inter-crystalline pores）， organic pores， and micro-fractures. By combining the method of high-pressure mercury intrusion with the method of the nitrogen adsorption， the porosity of the marl has been measured， ranging from 0.73% to 5.39%.. The distribution of the pore sizes is bimodal， and the pore types are dominated by micron pores. Through this study， it has been concluded that the sag area to the east of Well ST1H is the favorable area for the development of self-sourced and self-reservoired shale oil. According to the results of geochemical and reservoir analysis， the III Oil Group may have sweet spot layers.

关键词： marl shale oil play rock types tight reservoir Bohai Bay Basin

Investigation of Microfacies—Electrofacies and Determination of rock types on the Aptian Dariyan Formation NW Persian Gulf

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Open Journal of Geology 2016年第1期6卷 58-78页

作者： Katayoon Rezaeeparto Hossein Rahimpour Bonab Ali Kadkhodaie Mehran Arian Elham Hajikazemi Department of Geology Science and Research Branch Islamic Azad University Tehran Iran Department of Geology Tehran University Tehran Iran Department of Geology Tabriz University Tabriz Iran Department of Geology Studies Offshore Oil Company Tehran Iran

Dariyan (Shuaiba) Formation is one of the main reservoir units in the Persian Gulf and South Western Iran. The microfacies and depositional environment of this formation is been investigated in the current study and influencing factors in reservoir characteristics have been discussed for Dariyan reservoir in the Soroush oil field. Facies analysis conducted on core and cutting samples indicated that Dariyan Formation is mainly deposited on a carbonate ramp setting with a shallow intra shelf basin. In addition, it has been demonstrated that facies changes reflect the main controls of the tectonic and climate (sea level fluctuations) during the deposition of these sediments. To determine the reservoir unites in this formation, 5 electrofacies were determined by neural network method that it is using different petrophysical logs (i.e. GR, PHIE and SWE). Using rock typing as the best way to establish an association between the various collected data (e.g. logs and cores) and geological descriptions 4 hydraulic flow units or rock types, determined on the basis of the Flow Zone Indicator (FZI) method in the Dariyan Formation of the Soroush field. Establishing a correlation between microfacies and rock types, the carbonate zones with moderate to good reservoir properties and also the intervals with the highest reservoir quality were determined.

关键词： Dariyan Formation Micro Facies Soroush Field rock types

Assessing geological uncertainty of a cement raw material deposit,southern Vietnam,based on hierarchical simulation

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International Journal of Mining Science and Technology 2020年第6期30卷 819-837页

作者： Trong Vu Carsten Drebenstedt Tran Bao TU Bergakademie Freiberg 09599 FreibergGermany Hanoi University of Mining and Geology Hanoi 10000Viet Nam

Resource modeling plays a crucial role in raw material quality management for cement *** has shown that geological uncertainty in resource modeling is inevitable and results in risk to future extraction planning and operations of the cement *** study aims to assess the geological uncertainty and associated risk in modeling a cement raw material deposit in southern *** this deposit,soil,clay,laterite,and limestone are the four primary rock types,controlling the occurrence and spatial distribution of chemical *** this study,hierarchical simulation method was used to evaluate the *** types were first simulated,and the chemical grades conditioning to the rock types were then *** results demonstrated the capability of the hierarchical simulation approach to incorporate the uncertainty of rock types in resource modeling and to allow evaluating the risks in providing the desired raw material for the cement plant in the form of grade-tonnage curves.

关键词： Cement raw material Geological uncertainty rock types Grades Hierarchical simulation

Growth characteristics and sedimentary mode of Permian reefs,Lengwu,Tonglu,Zhejiang Province,southern China

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Journal of Palaeogeography 2016年第4期5卷 409-422页

作者： Ling Liu Ya-Sheng Wu Hong-Xia Jiang Hong Liu Institute of Geology and Geophysics CASKey Laboratory of Petroleum Resource ResearchChinese Academy of Sciences

Organic reefs are favourabte accumulation spaces for hydrocarbons and various mineral resources. A complete Permian organic reef profile about 44 m thick with distribution area no more than 1 km2 is exposed near Lengwu, Tongtu, Zhejiang Province. Examination of outcrops and thin sections revealed that the main reef-building organisms are catcisponges, with inozoans as dominant type. Five types of rocks have been recognized in the reef, and they are catcisponge framestone, catcisponge bafflestone, bindstone, rudstone and bioctastic wackestone. The profile was constructed in three reef-building stages. The thickness of the second stage is largest, followed by the first stage and the third stage is smallest. Each stage started with a frame-stone or bafflestone, ended as the reef grew near the sea-level, and died because of influx of terrigenous sediments. The development of the Lengwu reef is controlled by biological factors and sea-level changes. Based on the study a reef sedimentary model is established.

关键词： Reef rock types Calcisponges Sedimentary model Permian Lengwu Southern China

A detailed rock density model of the Hong Kong territories

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Geodesy and Geodynamics 2024年第1期15卷 75-81页

作者： Albertini Nsiah Ababio Robert Tenzer Department of Land Surveying and Geo-Informatics Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHong KongChina

We used the geological map and published rock density measurements to compile the digital rock density model for the Hong Kong *** then estimated the average density for the whole *** to our result,the rock density values in Hong Kong vary from 2101 to 2681 kg·m^(-3).These density values are typically smaller than the average density of 2670 kg·m^(-3),often adopted to represent the average density of the upper continental crust in physical geodesy and gravimetric geophysics *** finding reflects that the geological configuration in Hong Kong is mainly formed by light volcanic formations and lava flows with overlying sedimentary deposits at many locations,while the percentage of heavier metamorphic rocks is very low(less than 1%).This product will improve the accuracy of a detailed geoid model and orthometric heights.

关键词： Density model rock types Gravimetric modeling Hong Kong

Diagenesis and Porosity of the Cambrian-Ordovician Carbonate Shoal Fades at Yangjiaping, Shimen, Hunan

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2000年第1期74卷 29-45,116-117页

作者： ZHANG Xiulian, WANG Yinghua and CHEN Xiaolong Department of Geology, Peking University, Beijing 100871 Peking Univ Dept Geol Beijing 100871 Peoples R China

Upper Cambrian-Lower Ordovician shoal-facies carbonate rocks are well developed in the Yangjiap-ing section, Shimen, Hunan, and their types are also highly varied. There are both monomictic shoal-facies rocks (e.g. sparite oolitic limestone and sparite calcarenite) and polymictic shoal-facies rocks (e.g. grainstone, whose grain types include sand- and pebble-sized fragments, bioclasts, oolites, algal mats etc.). What is different is that the Upper Cambrian shoal-facies rocks have been mostly strongly dolomitized into shoal-facies dolomite with various residual textures. This paper presents an in-depth study of various kinds of diagenesis and pore space evolution occurring in this section and suggests that the diagenetic sequences of shoal-facies rocks in the study area is dominantly of retrogressive type.

关键词： rock types dolomitization dissolution diagenetic sequence

Geological, Soil and Sediment Studies in Chelsaton Sedimentary Basin, Kabul, Afghanistan

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International Journal of Geosciences 2021年第2期12卷 170-193页

作者： Hafizullah Rasouli Abdul Ghias Safi Department of Geology Geoscience Faculty Kabul University Kabul Afghanistan Department of Meteorology Geoscience Faculty Kabul University Kabul Afghanistan

The geology, sediment and soil studies are important due to its significant impacts on agriculture, mining, constructions materials, industries, environment, ground water percolation, air pollution, surface and ground water pollutions, earthquakes and geo-hazards in Afghanistan. In this research, we studied petrography, Sediment, tectonic structures, soil fraction selection by using hydrometer, sieving analysis, and geological mapping. Results show different kinds of metamorphic rocks of low grade and medium grade metamorphisms, Garnete mica Schist, Garnete Schist, Quarsite, different types of minerals among rocks. Further, type of sediment consisting residual angular (Autochthonous) and rounded (Allochthonous) transported by water, among sediments consisting Garnete, Gneiss, Schist, Quarsite, Biotite and consisting different type of sizes boulders, Cobble, Granule, Sand, Silt. Hydrometer analysis shows different types of soil clayey loam, sandy loam, silty loam. Moreover, Geological mapping shows complex tectonic structures like joints, cracks, faults, folds, anticline and syncline. The obtained results suggest that the petrography, sediments and soil researches can be used efficiently for catchments of the Kabul Basin and other basins in Afghanistan.

关键词： rock types Geological Mapping Pedogenic Horizons Sediments Tectonic Faults Folds Fracture Joints Minerals Sieving Analyses Hydrometer Inter Mountains Backing Basins