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Imaging rock density Distribution beneath Liwa Fracture Zone in the Southern Part of the Great Sumatran Fault System, Indonesia

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International Journal of Geosciences 2016年第4期7卷 598-614页

作者： Djedi S. Widarto Tedi Yudistira Jun-Ichi Nishida Ikuo Katsura Eddy Z. Gaffar Susumu Nishimura Upstream Technology Center PT Pertamina (Persero) Jakarta Indonesia Department of Geophysical Engineering Bandung Institute of Technology Bandung Indonesia Faculty of Literary Ohtani University Kyoto Japan Kyoto Institute of Natural History Kyoto Japan Research Centre for Geotechnology—LIPI Bandung Indonesia

We have imaged rock density distribution beneath Liwa fracture zone in the southern part of the the Sumatran Fault Zone by modelling and inverting Bouguer gravity data in two-and three-dimensional environments, respectively. The purpose of this study is aimed to figure out the subsurface distribution of rock densities associated with subsurface basement structure representing the evidence of trans-tensional tectonic product in the SF. In the gravity modeling, to eliminate distortions to the measured gravity values before modelling and inverting the data, Bouguer anomalies obtained in field measurements are reduced to the horizontal plane of z = +800 m as a representation of the average elevation in Liwa. For the inversion, we used algorithm implementing depth-and minimum volume weighting parameters in order to obtain a smooth model with better vertical resolution. The two-dimensional models show clearly surface topography of the basement rocks and the presence of normal faults. The reduced Bouguer anomaly of +800 m elevation shows the presence of structural lineaments extending primarily in a northwest-southeast direction, parallel to Sumatran Fault Zone and older graben faults showing a negative flower structure. From the three-dimensional inversion, the model illustrates an increase of density contrast, lower values being found near the surface and higher values in the deeper parts. The lower density contrast of 0.15 to 0.3 g/cm3 found in the rock groups at depths of 2 km and less is characteristic of relatively homogeneous and poorly compacted rocks. rocks with moderate to high density contrast (>1.0 g/cm3) are recognized at depths of over 2 km. This model suggests a change of basement morphology as a function of depth, and delineates structural lineaments extending in northwest-southeast direction. This study supports the previous thought that Liwa area is underlain by graben structures, formed by trans-tensional tectonic events. Higher-den

关键词： Gravity Imaging rock density Fracture Zone 2D Modeling 3D Inversion density Contrast

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The effect of topographic density variations on the geoid and orthometric heights in Hong Kong

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Geodesy and Geodynamics 2024年第5期15卷 495-503页

作者： Albertini Nsiah Ababio Department of Land Surveying and Geo-Informatics Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHong KongChina

Utilizing the adopted average topographic density of 2670 kg/m^(3)in the reduction of gravity anomalies introduces errors attributed to topographic density variations,which consequently affect geoid modeling ***,the mean gravity along the plumbline within the topography in the definition of Helmert orthometric heights is computed approximately by applying the Poincar e-Prey gravity reduction where the topographic density variations are *** Helmert orthometric heights of benchmarks are then affected by *** errors could be random or systematic depending on the specific geological setting of the region where the leveling network is physically established and/or the geoid model is *** example of systematic errors in orthometric heights can be given for large regions characterized by sediment or volcanic deposits,the density of which is substantially lower than the adopted topographic density used in Helmert's definition of *** same applies to geoid modeling *** this study,we investigate these errors in the Hong Kong territory,where topographic density is about 20%lower than the density of 2670 kg/m^(3).We use the digital rock density model to estimate the effect of topographic density variations on the geoid and orthometric *** results show that this effect on the geoid and Helmert orthometric heights reach maxima of about 2.1 and 0.5 cm,*** results provide clear evidence that rock density models are essential in physical geodesy applications involving gravimetric geoid modeling and orthometric height determination despite some criticism that could be raised regarding the reliability of these density ***,in regions dominated by sedimentary and igneous rocks,the geological information is essential in these applications because topographic densities are substantially lower than the average density of 2670 kg/m^(3),thus introducing large systematic errors in geoid and orthometric

关键词： rock density Geoid Topography Heights Leveling network

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Blast-induced ground vibration prediction in granite quarries:An application of gene expression programming,ANFIS,and sine cosine algorithm optimized ANN

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International Journal of Mining Science and Technology 2021年第2期31卷 265-277页

作者： Abiodun Ismail Lawal Sangki Kwon Olaide Sakiru Hammed Musa Adebayo Idris Department of Energy Resources Engineering Inha UniversityIncheon 22212Republic of Korea Department of Mining Engineering Federal University of TechnologyAkureNigeria Department of Physics Federal UniversityOye-EkitiNigeria Division of Mining and Geotechnical Engineering Department of CivilEnvironmental and Natural Resources EngineeringLuleåUniversity of Technology97187 LuleåSweden

Blasting of rocks has intrinsic environmental impacts such as ground vibration,which can interfere with the safety of lives and ***,accurate prediction of the environmental impacts of blasting is imperative as the empirical models are not accurate as evident in the ***,there is need to consider some robust predictive models for accurate prediction *** expression programming(GEP),adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system(ANFIS),and sine cosine algorithm optimized artificial neural network(SCA-ANN)models are proposed for predicting the blast-initiated ground vibration in five granite *** input parameters into the models are the distance from the point of blasting to the point of measurement(D),the weight of charge per delay(W),rock density(q),and the Schmidt rebound hardness(SRH)value while peak particle velocity(PPV)is the targeted output.100 datasets were used in developing the proposed *** performance of the proposed models was examined using the coefficient of determination(R2)and error *** R2 values obtained for the GEP,ANFIS,and SCA-ANN models are 0.989,0.997,and 0.999,respectively,while their errors are close to *** proposed models are compared with an empirical model and are found to outperform the empirical model.

关键词： Artificial intelligence Blasting rock density Comminution Environmental impacts Sensitivity analysis

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A pre-Paleogene unconformity surface of the Sikeshu Sag, Junggar Basin: Lithological, geophysical and geochemical implications for the transportation of hydrocarbons

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Geoscience Frontiers 2013年第6期4卷 779-786页

作者： Xiaoyue Gao Luofu Liu Zhenxue Jiang Xiaoqing Shang Guodong Liu State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources and Prospecting China University of Petroleum (Beijing) Basin and Reservoir Research Center China University of Petroleum (Beijing)

The unconformity surface at the bottom of the Paleogene is one of the most important migration pathways in the Sikeshu Sag of the Junggar Basin,which consists of three layers：upper coarse clastic rock,lower weathering crust and leached *** upper coarse clastic rock is characterized by higher density and lower SDT and gamma-ray logging parameters,while the lower weathering crust displays opposite *** transport coefficient of the unconformity surface is controlled by its position in respect to the basal sandstone; it is higher in the ramp region but lower in the adjacent uplifted and sag *** content of saturated hydrocarbons increases with the decrease of the content of nonhydrocarbons and *** content of benzo[c] carbazole decreases as the content of benzo[a]carbazole and [alkyl carbazole]/[alkyl ＋ benzo carbazole] *** suggests that the unconformity surface is an efficient medium for the transportation of hydrocarbons.

关键词： Transportation and accumulation of hydrocarbons Lithology rock density SDT and gamma-ray logging Benzo carbazole Alkyl carbazole

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