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旅游流网络结构韧性特征变化及其影响因素

旅游管理 2024年第8期

作者：王坤陈祥泰黄震方

文章通过网络爬虫获取贵州省2010—2022年旅游流数据，构建旅游流网络及其结构韧性的综合评估及攻击指标体系，并借助复杂网络、指数随机图等方法，实证探讨了贵州省旅游流网络结构韧性的变化特征及其影响因素。结果表明：①贵州省旅游... 详细信息

文章通过网络爬虫获取贵州省2010—2022年旅游流数据，构建旅游流网络及其结构韧性的综合评估及攻击指标体系，并借助复杂网络、指数随机图等方法，实证探讨了贵州省旅游流网络结构韧性的变化特征及其影响因素。结果表明：①贵州省旅游流网络结构韧性呈现先下降后上升的态势，旅游流网络联系的增强并未带来网络结构韧性的提升。韧性水平较高的地区多为东南部的旅游中心城市；②分维度来看，贵州省旅游流网络形成了较为典型的“核心-边缘”层级结构，网络的匹配性明显，传输性在不断提升，小团体集聚现象开始凸显；③旅游流网络结构在随机攻击下呈现出鲁棒性特征，而在蓄意攻击下脆弱性较为显著，且在蓄意攻击下网络承受能力随时间推移整体呈现上升趋势，旅游流核心网络不断拓展；④网络内生结构、个体属性以及外生网络变量共同影响着旅游流网络结构韧性变化。其中，网络互惠性、经济水平、产业结构、政府支持与接待能力对旅游流网络结构韧性变化具有显著正向影响，市场规模对旅游流网络结构韧性变化的正向作用不断凸显，而网络边数与空间距离对旅游流网络结构韧性变化具有明显的抑制作用。

关键词：旅游流网络结构韧性攻击模拟游记文本市场规模产业结构风险防范 tourism flow network structural resilience simulation of attack travelogue text market scale industrial structure risk prevention

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人类体外胚胎利用活动的私法回应

民商法学 2024年第9期

作者：庞伟伟

面对人类体外胚胎利用活动，《民法典》不仅选择积极介入而且决定有限开放。为避免潜在风险，《民法典》不仅直接规定了多种风险预防机制，如提高合法标准、设置三大底线和强调人格尊严，而且还间接引致了多种风险预防机制，如划定行为... 详细信息

面对人类体外胚胎利用活动，《民法典》不仅选择积极介入而且决定有限开放。为避免潜在风险，《民法典》不仅直接规定了多种风险预防机制，如提高合法标准、设置三大底线和强调人格尊严，而且还间接引致了多种风险预防机制，如划定行为禁区、限制利用对象和实施伦理审查。即便是在《民法典》的框架下，对人类体外胚胎的利用活动所引发的损害进行救济依然是可能的。但是，《民法典》所能供给的侵权责任方案存在很多局限。因此，后续立法应同时引入其他损害救济方案。从我国现行立法来看，潜在选择有强制责任保险方案、商业保险方案、社会救助基金方案和国家补偿方案。后续立法甚至可以建立同时包含四者的综合救济体系。为确保受害人能获得救济，应由国家兜底。

关键词：人类体外胚胎人类辅助生殖技术《民法典》第一千零九条风险预防国家补偿 human embryo ex vivo human assisted reproductive technology article 1009 of the Civil Code risk prevention state compensation

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算法时代警察权的隐性扩张及其应对

公安学 2024年第3期

作者：蒋勇

以算法预测和算法侦查为主要形态的算法警务日渐勃兴，在算法驱动下，警察权的作用节点从传统的危害防止阶段前移到风险预防阶段，警察决策的个别化机制加入了自动化方式，警察的数据分析职权亦脱离了数据收集职权。由于警察法上数据型... 详细信息

以算法预测和算法侦查为主要形态的算法警务日渐勃兴，在算法驱动下，警察权的作用节点从传统的危害防止阶段前移到风险预防阶段，警察决策的个别化机制加入了自动化方式，警察的数据分析职权亦脱离了数据收集职权。由于警察法上数据型权利的确权停滞、维稳体系中算法配置的路径依赖以及警务算法监管的体制性障碍，算法对警察权的强化效应并未被我国法治体系所感知，渐呈隐性扩张之势。应对算法时代警察权的扩张，应当以权力显性化为规制目标，在法规范上以数据型权利形塑警察算法型强制措施，以场景类型匹配算法决策的效力，以预防性行政诉讼来加强算法决策的外显，以“剩余风险”控制警察预防任务的过度前移。在配套制度上，则以“技术监管衔接规范授权”为主要路径，包括以算法清单制度收缩警察任务的扩张边界，以算法技术的全过程监管机制加强算法警务的可溯源性，以警务算法专责监督机构来确保算法技术监管的落地。

关键词：算法警务风险预防警察权算法决策算法监管 Alogorithmic Policing risk prevention Police Power Algorithm Decision Algorithm Supervision

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私权领域警察权的介入模式与转型

公安学 2024年第1期

作者：刘冰捷

随着我国开放式市场经济的发展，私权领域社会矛盾的集中爆发往往源于私权主体的借贷关系，广泛影响公民人身权与财产权，涉及社会秩序稳定，需要公安机关这类秩序行政主体予以规制。私权领域的公权介入，在民间借贷纠纷体系上展现出跨... 详细信息

随着我国开放式市场经济的发展，私权领域社会矛盾的集中爆发往往源于私权主体的借贷关系，广泛影响公民人身权与财产权，涉及社会秩序稳定，需要公安机关这类秩序行政主体予以规制。私权领域的公权介入，在民间借贷纠纷体系上展现出跨法域的复合型法律关系以及多阶段纠纷展开的特点，应当以合法型、非法型、犯罪型三种借贷关系来确立警察权介入的法律界限，因借贷关系产生的治安纠纷应当纳入警察权介入调整的范围之内，形成分层次、多阶段的规制路径。现有的介入运行机制属于结果救济模式，在实际运作中面临行政手段介入缺失、案件证据过度依赖、治理路径过度刑法化等困境。介入模式的转型应当以风险防范型警察权理论为基础，通过行政过程论在民间借贷纠纷领域的具体展开以及技术治理手段的精细化运用，实现由结果救济模式向过程规制模式转变。

关键词：私权纠纷民间借贷警察权运行机制风险防范 Disputes Over Private Rights Private Loan Police Power Operation Mechanism risk prevention

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公开个人信息法律保护的中国方案

民商法学 2024年第8期

作者：丁晓东

公开个人信息法律保护可以有多种方案。美国将公开个人信息排除在其个人信息保护法之外，欧盟将公开与非公开信息一体保护，我国则采取中间道路，对公开个人信息进行弱化保护。我国方案整体具有合理性，但应进一步阐释其法理、设计其制... 详细信息

公开个人信息法律保护可以有多种方案。美国将公开个人信息排除在其个人信息保护法之外，欧盟将公开与非公开信息一体保护，我国则采取中间道路，对公开个人信息进行弱化保护。我国方案整体具有合理性，但应进一步阐释其法理、设计其制度。在法理层面，公开个人信息在公开环节已经经过利益权衡，这降低了其法律保护特别是个体控制的正当性。然而公开个人信息的大规模处理仍然可能汇聚风险，同时信息处理者与个体往往形成缺乏信任的陌生人关系，强化某些风险。在制度层面，应将我国对公开个人信息的自由处理限定在收集环节，从理性个体与社会合理预期角度解释“在合理的范围内”“个人明确拒绝的除外”“对个人权益有重大影响”等规定，避免以个体主观标准进行判断。在个人信息利用环节，应整体弱化个人信息权利保护，维持信息处理者义务。

关键词：公开个人信息个体控制信息处理者义务合理预期风险预防 public personal information individual control obligations of information processors reasonable expectations risk prevention

Responsibility Distribution Between the Government and Society in Guaranteeing Basic Senior Care Services

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The Journal of Human Rights 2023年第2期22卷 347-372页

作者：张演锋 QIAN Chuijun Wuhan University School of Law 不详

The 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China put forward the task to ensure all elderly people enjoy basic senior care *** an aging society,basic senior care services are key to protecting the basic human rights of the *** government-society partnership is an ideal model to guarantee basic senior care *** terms of responsibility distribution,the government and social organizations should follow the principle of *** the one hand,social organizations undertake the responsibility to provide basic senior care services under public constraints with regard to service prices,service content,and service targets;On the other hand,the government is the responsible guarantor for minimum senior care services and the prevention of *** government’s responsibility of guaranteeing minimum senior care services lies in the government taking over relevant projects after the occurrence of *** by the principle of subsidiarity,the government’s responsibility for risk prevention shifts from ex-ante prevention to interim and ex-post *** should be placed on the principle of the government and society assuming shared responsibilities for risk prevention and achieving risk prevention through government spending.

关键词： basic senior care services principle of subsidiarity government-society partnership risk prevention

Research on FDI Regulation Framework at the Background of “BRI” Implementation

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Contemporary Social Sciences 2018年第4期3卷 33-41页

作者： Li Feng Wu Lingwei School of International Economics China Foreign Affairs University

Alongside "Belt and Road Initiative"(BRI) are mostly developing countries, with complicated geopolitical relationships and poor business environments. Therefore, how to promote Foreign Direct Investment(FDI) cooperation prudently is a critical issue faced by Chinese government and enterprises. On one hand "BRI" is an initiative and cannot establish new organization to coordinate investment disputes, and on the other hand FDI regulations are at crossroad: lacking multilateral mechanism, restructuring regional rules and requiring upgrade of Bilateral Investment Treaties(BITs). In order to protect Chinese overseas investment and prevent potential "BRI" risks, it's indispensable for China to take actions in FDI regulations: in multilateral level to propose global FDI rules and long-term mechanism, in regional level to innovate rules by methods of Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership(RCEP) and Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank(AIIB), in bilateral level to upgrade BITs and promote liberalization and facilitation, and in unilateral level to deepen domestic reform and pilot new rules.

关键词： FDI "BRI" risk prevention FDI Regulations

Research on the path of transitional development of liquor industry based on the background of "Internet +"

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Ecological Economy 2017年第2期10卷 172-180页

作者： HUANG ping School of Economics Sichuan University

Liquor-making industry has stepped into the depths strategic transformation and faced more complex and versatile macro situation in recent years, which means that economy integration was accelerated, the spread of information technology sped up, consumer demand for products became complex and sophisticated, and product life cycle was shortened. The theory of "Internet +" highlights new turn in the strategic transformation of liquor-making industry. This paper, under the background of "Internet +", analyzes the existing situations of liquor-making industry, provides transition routes of strategic transformation in liquor-making industry, and gives prevention against transformation risks.

关键词： "Internet +" liquor industry transformation path risk prevention

Ecological risks of Agricultural Land Capitalization and Their prevention

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Journal of Landscape Research 2017年第6期9卷 53-57,60页

作者： LI Pingheng YAN Lidong ZHU Xiaorong PAN Shilei School of Business Administration Zhongnan University of Economics and Law Business School Wuhan Institute of Design and Sciences

The capitalization of agricultural land as an institutional innovation in land use is of great significance to revitalize China's land resources, change land use and improve land use efficiency. With the gradual implementation of the capitalization of agricultural land, however, environmental problems brought by capitalization have restricted the sustainable and efficient utilization of agricultural land. This study, from the perspective of ecology, discusses ecological risks of agricultural land capitalization, analyzes the ecological risks of agricultural land capitalization in terms of the amount of land and land quality as well as the formation mechanism of the ecological risks of agricultural land capitalization. It is found that the logic of the capital itself, the profitability of the subject and the fragility of the ecological environment are the internal and external factors of the ecological risks of agricultural land. Thereupon authors put forward policy suggestions to prevent the ecological risks of agricultural land capitalization in terms of large-scale agricultural operations in diverse forms, the development of green agriculture, the protection of agricultural land quality and green finance, with a view to resolving the ecological risks of agricultural land capitalization and realizing the benign operation of agricultural land capitalization.

关键词： Agricultural land Capitalization Ecological risks risk prevention