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Effect of rice cultivar on greenhouse-gas emissions from rice-fish co-culture

The Crop Journal 2024年第3期12卷 888-896页

作者： Kexin Xie Mengjie Wang Xiaodan Wang Fengbo Li Chunchun Xu Jinfei Feng Fuping Fang China National rice Research Institute Hangzhou 310006ZhejiangChina

In aquaculture,co-culturing rice with fish may mitigate greenhouse-gas emissions.In this study,co-culture of four rice cultivars in a laboratory-scale rice–fish system reduced CH_(4)and N_(2)O emissions relative to fish monoculture.Differences in CH_(4)and N_(2)O emissions among rice cultivars primarily stem from the differential effects of rice plants on plant-mediated CH_(4)transport,CH_(4)oxidation and nitrogen absorption.

关键词： Greenhouse gas emissions Aquaculture rice-fish system rice cultivar

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cultivar-dependent rhizobacteria community and cadmium accumulation in rice: Effects on cadmium availability in soils and iron-plaque formation

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2022年第6期34卷 90-102页

作者： Feng Zhang Di Peng Lu Liu Huidan Jiang Lianyang Bai Longping Branch Graduate School of Hunan UniversityChangsha 410125China Biotechnology Research Institute Hunan Academy of Agricultural SciencesChangsha 410125China

The association between the rhizospheric microbial community and Cd accumulation in rice is poorly understood.A field trial was conducted to investigate the different rhizobacterial communities of two rice cultivars with high Cd accumulation(HA)and low Cd accumulation(LA)at four growth stages.Results showed that the Cd content in the roots of the HA cultivar was 1.23-27.53 higher than that of the LA cultivar(0.08-10.5μg/plant)at four stages.The LA cultivar had a significantly lower Cd availability in rhizosphere and a higher quantity of iron plaque(IP)on the root surface than the HA cultivar at four stages.This resulted in the reduction of Cd concentration in IPs and Cd translocation from IP-to-root.Microbial analysis indicated that the LA cultivar formed a distinct rhizobacterial community from the HA cultivar and had lessα-diversity.The rhizosphere of the LA cultivar was enriched in specific bacterial taxa(e.g.,Massilia and Bacillus)involved in Cd immobilization by phosphate precipitation and IP formation by iron oxidization.However,the rhizosphere in the HA cultivar assembled abundant sulfur-oxidizing bacteria(e.g.,Sulfuricurvum)and iron reduction bacteria(Geobacter).They promoted Cd mobilization and reduced IP formation via the metal redox process.This study reveals a potential approach in which specific rhizobacteria decrease or increase Cd accumulation in rice on contaminated soil and provides a new perspective for secure rice production.

关键词： rice cultivar Cd accumulation Rhizosphere Bacterial community Iron plaque Cd availability

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Variation of grain Cd and Zn concentrations of 110 hybrid rice cultivars grown in a low-Cd paddy soil

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2009年第2期21卷 168-172页

作者： SHI Jing,LI Lianqing,PAN Genxing Institute of Resource,Ecosystem and Environment of Agriculture,Nanjing Agricultural University,Nanjing 210095,China. Institute of Resource Ecosystem and Environment of Agriculture Nanjing Agricultural University Nanjing 210095 China

Enhanced Cd uptake and Zn depletion in rice grains and high potential for food Cd exposure by the high-yielding hybrid cultivars of China had been addressed. A field experiment was conducted in 2006 to determine the difference in grain Cd and Zn between cultivars. Total 110 cultivars including super rice and common hybrid rice cultivars were grown on a single paddy soil （Entic Haplaquept） with a neutral reaction and low total Cd content. Grain Cd and Zn concentrations were determined with graphite atomic adsorption spectrophotometer （GFAAS） and flame atomic adsorption spectrophotometer （AAS） respectively. Wide variation of Cd content in grain was found in a range of 0.004-0.057 mg/kg, while the Zn content in a range of 10.25-30.06 mg/kg among the cultivars. Higher Cd but lower Zn concentration in grains of super rice cultivars was observed compared to the common hybrid ones. A highly significant positive linear correlation of grain Cd/Zn with grain Cd was found for super rice and common hybrid cultivars, meanwhile much higher slope for these hybrid cultivars than the reported non-hybrid cultivars was also observed. Using the limit value of the Chinese chemical guidelines for foods （MOHC and SSC, 2005）, calculated potential risk of food Cd exposure with ＂Zn hungry＂ through diet intake was prominent with all the studied 110 hybrid rice cultivars, possessing high potential health problems for rice production in South China using the super rice cultivars. Breeding of genotypes of rice cultivars with low grain Cd and low Cd/Zn ratio is needed for rice production in acidic red soils where Cd bioavailability is prevalently high.

关键词： rice cultivar rice grain cadmium zinc genotype difference

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