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The Harrat Al-Birk basalts in southwest Saudi Arabia:characteristic alkali mafic magmatism related to Red Sea rifting

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Acta Geochimica 2017年第1期36卷 74-88页

作者： Rami A. Bakhsh Department of Mineral Resources and Rocks Faculty of Earth Sciences King Abdulaziz UniversityP.O. Box 80206 Jeddah 21589 Saudi Arabia

Harrat Al-Birk volcanics are products of the Red Sea rift in southwest Saudi Arabia that started in the Tertiary and reached its climax at ~ 5 *** volcanic field is almost monotonous and is dominated by basalts that include mafic-ultramafic mantle xenoliths(gabbro,websterite,and garnet-clinopyroxenite).The present work presents the first detailed petrographic and geochemical notes about the *** comprise vesicular basalt,porphyritic basalt,and flow-textured basalt,in addition to red and black ***,the volcanic rock varieties of the Harrat Al-Birk are low- to medium-Ti,sodic-alkaline olivine basalts with an enriched oceanic island signature but extruded in a within-plate *** is evidence of formation by partial melting with a sort of crystal fractionation dominated by clinopyroxene and Fe-Ti *** latter have abundant titanomagnetite and lesser *** is a remarkable enrichment of light rare earth elements and depletion in Ba,Th and K,Ta,and *** geochemical data in this work suggest Harrat Al-Birk basalts represent products of watersaturated melt that was silica *** melt was brought to the surface through partial melting of asthenospheric upper mantle that produced enriched oceanic island *** partial melting is the result of subducted continental mantle lithosphere with considerable mantle metasomatism of subducted oceanic lithosphere that might contain hydrous phases in its *** fractional crystallization process was controlled by significant separation of clinopyroxene followed by amphiboles and Fe-Ti oxides,particularly ***,the Harrat Al-Birk alkali basalts underwent crystal fractionation that is completely absent in the exotic mantle xenoliths(*** et *** The Pleistocene Jabal Akwa A1 Yamaniah maar/tuff ring-scoria cone complex as an analogy for future phreatomagmatic to magmatic explosive eruption scenarios in the Jizan Region,SW Saudi Arabia 201

关键词： Harrat Al-Birk Alkaline basalt Red Sea rifting Hydrous mantle reworked oceanic crust

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