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Effect of restricted feeding on hen performance,egg quality and organ characteristics of individual laying hens

Animal Nutrition 2023年第3期14卷 141-151页

作者： Doreen O.Anene Yeasmin Akter Peter C.Thomson Peter Groves Cormac J.O'Shea Department of Animal Science School of BiosciencesUniversity of NottinghamLoughboroughLE125RDUnited Kingdom School of Life and Environmental Sciences Faculty of ScienceUniversity of SydneyCamdenNSW 2570Australia Sydney School of Veterinary Science Faculty of SciencePoultry Research FoundationUniversity of SydneyCamdenNSW 2570Australia Department of Bioveterinary and Microbial Sciences Technological University of the Shannon:Midlands MidwestDublin RoadAthloneCo WestmeathN37 HD68Ireland

This study was to assess the impact of permanent or temporary restricted feeding on laying hen production traits,physiology,and egg *** hundred and forty individually housed ISA Brown hens were monitored across 2 phases,assigned to 3 treatments:ad libitum feeding(ALF),temporary restricted feeding(TRF)and permanent restricted feeding(PRF),n=80 hens per *** Phase 1(P1),22 to40 weeks,the TRF and PRF hens were offered 115 g of feed *** Phase 2(P2),41 to 46 weeks,the TRF hens were transitioned to ALF status while the ALF and PRF hens remained as in *** 35 to 40 weeks,eggs were collected once weekly from 15 hens per treatment and assessed for differences in albumen,yolk,and shell *** 45 weeks,10 hens each from the ALF and PRF groups were euthanized and differences in organ characteristics were *** P1,feed intake,feed to egg conversion ratio and body weight(BW)change were lower(P<0.01),while albumen height and Haugh unit were higher(P<0.01)in both PRF and TRF hen treatments compared to hens allocated the ALF *** P2,TRF and ALF hens had a higher egg production and egg mass than PRF(P<0.01)than *** weight change in P2 was higher in TRF and similar in both ALF and PRF,while feed intake and feed conversion ratio were higher in TRF followed by ALF and least in the PRF treatment group(P<0.01).At 45 weeks ALF hens had a greater abdominal fat pad weight and fatty liver haemorrhagic syndrome lesion score compared to *** hens to 115 g of feed per day from point of lay restrained BW,improved feed conversion ratio and albumen quality and reduced abdominal fat pad deposition and clinical signs of fatty liver haemorrhagic syndrome in individually housed laying hens.

关键词： restricted feeding Albumen quality Fatty liver haemorrhagic syndrome Abdominal fat Laying hen Body weight

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Chorus-Driven Outer Radiation Belt Electron Dynamics at Different L-Shells

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Chinese Physics Letters 2010年第12期27卷 219-222页

作者：张赛肖伏良 Hunan Science and Technology Industrial Vocational and Technical College Xiangtan 411207 School of Physics and Electronic Sciences Changsha University oF Science and Technology Changsha 410004

Energetic outer radiation belt electron phase space density （PSD） evolution due to interaction with whistler-mode chorus at different L-shells is investigated by solving the diffusion equation including cross diffusion terms. It is found that the difference of diffusion rates for different L-shells occurs primarily at pitch angles 0°-50° and around 90°. In particular, diffusion rates for L = 6.5 are found to be 5-10 times larger than that for L = 3.5 at these pitch angles. In the presence of cross terms, PSD for - MeV electrons after 24h decreases by about 25, 12, 10 and 8 times at L = 3.5, 4.5, 5.5 and 6.5 near the loss cone, and increases by about 55, 45, 30 and 20 times at larger pitch angles, respectively. After 24 h, the ratios between - MeV electron PSDs from simulations without and with cross diffusion at L = 3.5, 4.5, 5.5 and 6.5 are about 350, 600, 800 and 800 near the loss cone, and become 5, 5.5, 6.5 and 8 at pitch angle 90°, respectively. These results demonstrate that neglect of cross diffusion generally results in the overestimate of PSD, and the cross diffusion plays a more significant role in the resonant interaction between chorus waves and outer radiation belt electrons at larger L.

关键词： Radiation Electronics Diffusion Shell Shelling Crossing over restricted feeding Rations Cones Losses

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Starch Synthesis and Programmed Cell Death during Endosperm Development in Triticale(× Triticosecale Wittmack)

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2010年第7期52卷 602-615页

作者： Chun-Yan Li Wei-Hua Li Cheng Li Denis A. Gaudet Andrd Laroche Lian-Pu Cao Zhen-Xiang Lu College of Agriculture Shihezi University Xinjiang 832003 China Lethbridge Research Centre Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada Alberta T1J 4B1 Canada

Triticale （x TriticosecaleWittmack） grains synthesize and accumulate starch as their main energy source. Starch accumulation rate and synthesis activities of ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase, soluble starch synthases, granule-bound starch synthase and starch-branching enzyme showed similar pattern of unimodal curves during endosperm development. There was no significant difference in activity of the starch granule-bound protein isolated from total and separated starch granules at different developmental stages after anthesis in triticale. Evans Blue staining and analysis of DNA fragmentation indicated that cells of triticale endosperm undergo programmed cell death during its development. Dead cells within the endosperm were detected at 6 d post anthesis （DPA）, and evidence of DNA fragmentation was first observed at 21 DPA. The period between initial detection of PCD to its rapid increase overlapped with the key stages of rapid starch accumulation during endosperm development. Cell death occurred stochastically throughout the whole endosperm, meanwhile, the activities of starch biosynthetic enzymes and the starch accumulation rate decreased in the late stages of grain filling. These results suggested that the timing and progression of PCD in triticale endosperm may interfere with starch synthesis and accumulation.

关键词： Triticosecale Triticales (product) Starch Grain Rations restricted feeding Endosperm Death DNA Flowering

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Absorption Cross Section and Decay Rate of Stationary Axisymmetric Einstein-Maxwell Dilaton Axion Black Hole

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Chinese Physics Letters 2010年第4期27卷 49-52页

作者：刘长青 Department of Physics and Information Engineering Hunan Institute of Humanities Science and Technology Loudi 417000

The low energy absorption cross section and the decay rate of the stationary Axisymmetric Einstein-Maxwell Dilaton Axion black hole for massless scalar particles is calculated analytically. It is shown that the partial absorption cross section increases as the rotating parameter a and the absolute value of the dilaton D decreases. It is also shown that the partial absorption cross section is not always positive due to superradianee factor ω - mΩ. However, the decay rate of this black hole is always positive.

关键词： restricted feeding Biodeterioration Rations Crossing over Absorption

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Performance of Superconducting Nanowire Single-Photon Detection System

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Chinese Physics Letters 2010年第8期27卷 200-202页

作者：申小芳杨晓燕尤立星 State Key Laboratory of Functional Materials for Informatics Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology (SIMIT) Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai 200050 Shanghai Advanced Research Institute (SARI) Chinese Academy of Science Shanghai 201203

We present our lab cryocooler-based superconducting nanowire single photon detection （SNSPD） system. The dark count rate and system quantum efficiency are investigated at the bath temperature of 3.1 K with a 300-inK temperature fluctuation. The polarization sensitivity of the SNSPD is also measured, and the system counting rate and the timing jitter are discussed.

关键词： restricted feeding Temperature Rations Measurement

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Network Traffic Anomaly Detection Method Based on a Feature of Catastrophe Theory

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Chinese Physics Letters 2010年第6期27卷 16-19页

作者： YANG Yue HU Han-Ping XIONG Wei CHEN Jiang-Hang Institute for Pattern Recognition and Artificial Intelligence Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan 430074 School of Electronic Information and Mechanics China University of Geoscienees Wuhan 430074

For the existing problems of current network traffic anomaly detection, the behavior of the network traffic anomaly will show nonlinearity, non-stationarity and complexity according to the network traffic often driven by the control of multiple factors. Owing to the characteristic that the internal evolution equation will lead to dynamical structure catastrophe, the phase space reconstruction method and the statistical physics method can be used to compute the macro feature values of the network traffic. By choosing some of the feature values which can obviously retlect the unusual change in the network traffic volume as control variables, a network traffic anomaly detection method based on the catastrophe series theory model is developed. Many experimental results show that the proposed network traffic anomaly detection method has a low false alarm rate under the same condition of detection rate.

关键词： Traffic restricted feeding Rations Methods

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Numerical Study on Open-Circuit Voltage of Single Layer Organic Solar Cells with Schottky Contacts： Effects of Molecular Energy Levels, Temperature and Thickness

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Chinese Physics Letters 2010年第8期27卷 242-245页

作者：李荣华孟伟民彭应全马朝柱汪润生谢宏伟王颖 Laboratory of Semiconductor Devices and Engineering Lanzhou University Lanzhou 730000 Key Laboratory for Magnetism and Magnetic Materials (Ministry of Education) Lanzhou University Lanzhou 730000

We numerically investigate the effects of the exciton generation rate G, temperature T, the active layer thickness d and the position of LUMO level EL related to the cathode work function Wc at a given energy gap on the opencircuit voltage Voc of single layer organic solar cells with Schottky contact. It is demonstrated that open-circuit voltage increases concomitantly with the decreasing cathode work function Wc for given anode work functions and exciton generation rates. In the case of given cathode and anode work functions, the open-circuit voltage first increases with the exciton generation rate and then reaches a saturation value, which equals to the builtin voltage. Additionally, it is worth noting that a significant improvement to Voc could be made by selecting an organic material which has a relative high LUMO level （low ｜EL｜ value）. However, Voc decreases as the temperature increases, and the decreasing rate reduces with the enhancement of exeiton generation rate. Our study also shows that it is of no benefit to improve the open-circuit voltage by increasing the device thickness because of an enhanced charge recombination in thicker devices.

关键词： Thickness restricted feeding Rations Temperature Layering Lymphocytes Organizations Physical activity Labour

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An Optical Labeling Scheme with Novel DPSK/PPM Orthogonal Modulation

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Chinese Physics Letters 2010年第9期27卷 115-118页

作者：周锐忻向军王拥军张子兴余重秀 Key Laboratory of Information Photonics and Optical Communications (Ministry of Education) Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications Beijing 100876

A novel differential-phase-shift-keying （DPSK）/pulse-position-modulation （PPM） orthogonal modulation is pro- posed for optical labeling applications, with PPM data as the high-speed payload and DPSK signal as the optical label. The systematic setup for the proposed scheme and research on bit-error rate is presented. The results show that at the bit-error rate of 10-~, the power penalties for 70kin fiber transmission are in the range of 1-3 dB to DPSK label and 5-6 dB to PPM payload in our simulation system. This is under the condition that the large extinction ratio of 18-19 dB is used for the intensity modulators of the PPM payload, with a well received DPSK label. Thus the feasibility of the proposed scheme for all optical transmission networks is clearly verified.

关键词： restricted feeding Rations Transmissions

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Development and Characterization of Metal-Insulator-Metal Capacitors with SiNx Thin Films by Plasma-Enhanced Chemical Vapor Deposition

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Chinese Physics Letters 2010年第7期27卷 268-271页

作者：王琮张放金南英 RFIC Center Kwangwoon University Seoul 139701 Korea

We report the fabrication of high breakdown voltage metal-insulator-metal （MIM） capacitors with 200-nm silicon nitride deposited by plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition with 0.957 SiH4/NH3 gas mixing rate, 0.9 Torr working pressure, and 60 W rf power at 250℃ chamber temperature. Some optimized mechanisms such as metal source wiping, pre-melting and evaporation rate adjustment are used for increasing the yield of the MIM capacitors. N2 annealing and O2/H2 plasma pre-deposition treatment is proposed to increase the reliability of the MIM capacitors in high-temperature, high-pressure, and high-humidity environments. A 97% yield and up to 148 V breakdown voltage of a 13.06pF MIM capacitor with 0.04 mm^2 die area can be fabricated.

关键词： Processing Metals Pressure Temperature Rations Yields restricted feeding

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Dynamics of Fokker-Planck Equation with Logarithmic Coefficients and Its Application in Econophysics

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Chinese Physics Letters 2010年第8期27卷 35-38页

作者：耀志辉 Institute of Theoretical Physics and Department of Physics The Chinese University of Hong Kong Shatin New Territories Hong Kong

We demonstrate that Fokker Planck equations with logarithmic factors in diffusion and drift terms can be straightforwardly derived from the class of ＂constant elasticity of variance＂ stochastic processes without appealing to any symmetry argument, Analytical closed-form solutions are available for some special cases of this class of Fokker-Planck equations. The dynamics of the underlying stochastic variables are examined. These Fokker-Planck equations have found a rather wide range of applications in various contexts. In particular, in the field of econophysics we have demonstrated their immediate relevance to modelling the exchange rate dynamics in a target zone, e.g. the linked exchange rate system of the Hong Kong dollar. Furthermore, the knowledge of exact solutions in some special cases can be useful as a benchmark to test approximate numerical or analytical procedures.

关键词： Exchange rate restricted feeding Casings Solutions Rations Solutes

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