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Study of the Distribution Patterns of the Constituent Herbs in Classical Chinese Medicine Prescriptions Treating respiratory disease by Data Mining Methods

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Chinese Journal of Integrative Medicine 2013年第8期19卷 621-628页

作者： Xian-jun Fu 付先军 (11090) (21090) Xu-xia Song 宋旭霞 (31090) Lin-bo Wei 魏陵博 (21090) Zhen-guo Wang 王振国 (11090) 11090. School of Information Management Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Jinan 250355 China 21090. Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs Ministry of Education Marine Drug and Food Institute Ocean University of China Qingdao Shandong Province 266000 China 31090. Department of Neurology Qingdao Municipal Hospital Qingdao Shandong Province 266011 China

Objective： To provide the distribution pattern and compatibility laws of the constituent herbs in prescriptions, for doctor＇s convenience to make decision in choosing correct herbs and prescriptions for treating respiratory disease. Methods： Classical prescriptions treating respiratory disease were selected from authoritative prescription books. Data mining methods （frequent itemsets and association rules） were used to analyze the regular patterns and compatibility laws of the constituent herbs in the selected prescriptions. Results： A total of 562 prescriptions were selected to be studied. The result exhibited that, Radix g/ycyrrhizae was the most frequently used in 47.2% prescriptions, other frequently used were Semen armeniacae amarum, Fructus schisandrae Chinese, Herba ephedrae, and Radix ginseng. Herbal ephedrae was always coupled with Semen armeniacae amarum with the confidence of 73.3%, and many herbs were always accompanied by Radix g/ycyrrhizae with high confidence. More over, Fructus schisandrae Chinese, Herba ephedrae and Rhizoma pinelliae was most commonly used to treat cough, dyspnoea and associated sputum respectively besides Radix glycyrrhizae and Semen armeniacae amarum. The prescriptions treating dyspnoea often used double herb group of Herba ephedrae ＆ Radix glycyrrhizae, while prescriptions treating sputum often used double herb group of Rhizoma pinel/iae ＆ Radix glycyrrhizae and Rhizoma pinelliae ＆ Semen armeniacae amarum, triple herb groups of Rhizoma pinelliae ＆ Semen armeniacae amarum ＆ Radix glycyrrhizae and Pericarpium citri reticu/atae ＆ Rhizoma pine/liae ＆ Radix glycyrrhizae. Couclusioas： The prescriptions treating respiratory disease showed common compatibility laws in using herbs and special compatibility laws for treating different respiratory symptoms. These principle patterns and special compatibility laws reported here could be useful for doctors to choose correct herbs and prescriptions in treating respiratory disease.

关键词： multi-herb recipes compatibility laws respiratory disease data mining methods

Compliance of Physicians with Standard Precautions of Handling Patients with Infectious respiratory disease

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Open Journal of Preventive Medicine 2023年第5期13卷 139-168页

作者： Tohura Sharmin Md. Shafiur Rahman Abir Bin Sajj Department of Community Medicine Ad-Din Women’s Medical College Dhaka Bangladesh Department of Occupational and Environmental Health National Institute of Preventive and Social Medicine (NIPSOM) Dhaka Bangladesh Department of Cornea and Refractive Surgery Vision Eye Hospital Dhaka Bangladesh

Background: Standard precautions (SPs) are the minimum infection prevention practices that aim to protect Health care workers (HCWs) including physicians and prevent them from transmitting the infections to their patients. Purpose: To assess the level of compliance of physicians with standard precautions of handling patients with infectious respiratory disease. Method: A cross sectional questionnaire-based study was conducted in two tertiary level hospitals named M Abdur Rahim Medical College and Hospital, Dinajpur, Bangladesh and Rajshahi Medical College and Hospital, Rajshahi, Bangladesh to assess the level of compliance of physicians with standard precautions. Purposive sampling technique was applied as per inclusion criteria and data was collected by face to face interview from 285 physicians. Statistical analysis of the results was done by SPSS and a p value less than 0.05 was considered as significant. Result: The study revealed that maximum physicians (76.5%) handling patients with infectious respiratory disease had a moderate level of compliance with standard precautions. 78.6% of the physicians had moderate level of awareness about standard precautions. Only 20.35% of the physicians had training on infection control. 94.4% of the respondents didn’t know the component of standard precaution and most of the physicians were not aware of the sequence of wearing and removing the different components of PPEs. Conclusion: The study result implies that with increased awareness, the compliance of the physicians with standard precautions increased. The main reasons of non-compliance with standard precautions were found to be lack of resources, lack of regular training and excess workload.

关键词： Compliance of Physicians Awareness of Physicians Standard Precautions Infectious disease respiratory disease Infectious respiratory disease

The application of renal sympathetic denervation in cardiovascular and other diseases

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South China Journal of Cardiology 2024年第1期25卷 57-66,F0003页

作者：邢海珊王大英刘宗军张颖袁航 Putuo District Central Hospital Putuo District 200062ShanghaiChina

Background The role of renal artery sympathetic nerve ablation,widely known as renal sympathetic denervation(RDN)in the treatment of resistant hypertension(RH)has been clarified,and there is more and more evidence to support its effect in the treatment of heart failure,ventricular hypertrophy and arteriosclerosis.Some studies also reported its role in treatment related to respiratory system(pulmonary hypertension,sleep apnea syndrome),endocrine system(metabolic syndrome,blood lipid metabolism,polycystic ovary syndrome),kidney disease(acute renal injury,renal failure)and other inflammation,remodeling,pain and so on.Though most of them were subgroup analysis and small-sample studies,even case reports,they had shed some light on possible use of RDN in the treatment of multi-system diseases.[S Chin J Cardiol 2024;25(1):57-66].

关键词： Renal artery sympathetic nerve ablation respiratory disease Endocrine Kidney

Short-term effects of air pollution on respiratory diseases among young children in Wuhan city,China

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World Journal of Pediatrics 2022年第5期18卷 333-342页

作者： Zeng-Hui Huang Xing-Yuan Liu Tong Zhao Kui-Zhuang Jiao Xu-Xi Ma Zhan Ren Yun-Fei Qiu Jing-Ling Liao Lu Ma School of Public Health Wuhan UniversityNo.115 Donghu RoadWuhan 430071HubeiChina Wuhan Information Center of Health and Family Planning WuhanChina School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering Xi'an University of Architecture and TechnologyXi'anChina Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene School of Public HealthMedical CollegeWuhan University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina

Background The high risks for childhood respiratory diseases are associated with exposure to ambient air pollution.However,there are few studies that have explored the association between air pollution exposure and respiratory diseases among young children(particularly aged 0-2 years)based on the entire population in a megalopolis.Methods Daily hospital admission records were obtained from 54 municipal hospitals in Wuhan city,China.We included all children(aged 0-2 years)hospitalized with respiratory diseases between January 2017 and December 2018.Individual air pollution exposure assessment was used in Land Use Regression model and inverse distance weighted.Case-crossover design and conditional logistic regression models were adopted to estimate the hospitalization risk associated with air pollutants.Results We identified 62,425 hospitalizations due to respiratory diseases,of which 36,295 were pneumonia.Particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter less than 2.5 pm(PM_(2.5))and nitrogen dioxide(NO2)were significantly associated with respiratory diseases and pneumonia.ORs of pneumonia were 1.0179(95%CI 1.0097-1.0260)for PM25 and 1.0131(95%CI 1.0042-1.0220)for NO_(2) at lag 0-7 days.Subgroup analysis suggested that NO2,Ozone(O_(3))and sulfur dioxide(SO_(2))only showed effects on pneumonia hospitalizations on male patients,but PM_(2.5) had effects on patients of both genders.Except O_(3),all pollutants were strongly associated with pneumonia in cold season.In addition,children who aged elder months and who were in central urban areas had a higher hospitalization risk.Conclusions Air pollution is associated with higher hospitalization risk for respiratory diseases,especially pneumonia,among young children,and the risk is related to gender,month age,season and residential location.

关键词： Air pollution Children Hospitalization respiratory disease

The Relationships between respiratory disease, Cardio-cerebral Vascular disease and Temperature Change

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Meteorological and Environmental Research 2016年第1期7卷 33-35页

作者： Gao Xiang Anyang Meteorological Bureau Anyang 455000 China

respiratory disease and cardio-cerebral vascular disease frequently occur in Anyang City. In this paper, by comparing incidence num- bers of respiratory disease and cardio-cerebral vascular disease in Anyang People＇s Hospital during 2010 -2012 with seasonal change of local tem- perature,it is found that they have obvious relationship, which has very important significance for preventing respiratory disease and cardio-cerebral vascular disease in the future.

关键词： respiratory disease Cardio-cerebral vascular disease Temperature change China

Ambient Nitrogen Dioxide and Hospitalizations of Full-Spectrum respiratory diseases:A National Case-Crossover Study

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Environment & Health 2023年第2期1卷 130-138页

作者： Cong Liu Renjie Chen Jian Lei Yixiang Zhu Lu Zhou Xia Meng Jianwei Xuan Haidong Kan School of Public Health Key Lab of Public Health Safety of the Ministry of EducationNHC Key Lab of Health Technology AssessmentIRDR ICoE on Risk Interconnectivity and Governance on Weather/Climate Extremes Impact and Public HealthFudan UniversityShanghai 200032China

Few multicity studies have examined the acute effects of nitrogen dioxide(NO_(2))on respiratory disease(RD),especially its specific causes.This study aimed to investigate the associations between short-term exposure to NO_(2)and hospitalization of full-spectrum RDs in China.Hospitalization of 10 major categories and 40 cause-specific RDs were obtained from 20 provinces over the study period of 2013−2020.A time-stratified case-crossover study was conducted at the individual level to explore the associations between NO_(2)and RDs.NO_(2)was significantly associated with increased hospitalization of eight major RDs(acute upper respiratory infections,influenza and pneumonia,acute lower respiratory infections,upper respiratory tract diseases,chronic lower respiratory diseases,respiratory interstitium diseases,pleura diseases,and other respiratory diseases)and 18 specific causes of RDs,with the largest associations observed on lag 0−1 day.The effect estimates ranged from 0.75 to 4.09%per 10μg/m^(3)of NO_(2)exposure.The associations remained robust after controlling for copollutants.The concentration−response curves were mostly positive and linear.This nationwide study provides comprehensive information on the acute effects of NO_(2)on respiratory morbidity across the full spectrum,highlighting the need for caution with regard to this important traffic-related air pollutant in current pollution control programs.

关键词： nitrogen dioxide respiratory disease hospitalization cause-specific case-crossover study

Advances in respiratory medicine in the mainland of China： a historical perspective

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Chinese Medical Journal 2010年第1期123卷 6-17页

作者： SUN Yong-chang Department of respiratory Medicine Beijing Tongren HospitalCapital Medical University Beijing 100730 China Faculty ofrespiratory Medicine Capital Medical University Beijing 100069China

For the first 10 years after the founding of the People＇s Republic of China in 1949, the study of respiratorydiseases was focused on pulmonary tuberculosis which severely threatened people＇s health. Doctors who specialized in tuberculosis also took care of patients with other lung diseases. In 1953, Chinese Journal of Tuberculos＆, the official journal of the China Tuberculosis Association, was inaugurated; and it was renamed Chinese Journal of Tuberculosis and respiratory diseases in 1978. Just as Wu and others1 stated in 1959 in the review article A summary of the studies of respiratory diseases in China of the past 10 years, published in the Chinese Journal of Internal Medicine （C JIM）, ＂among a variety of respiratory diseases, pulmonary tuberculosis was the most common, accounting for about 80%. According to the publications collected, other common respiratory diseases also included pneumonia, bronchiectasis, tuberculous pleurisy, lung abscess, lung cancer, parasitic infections, silicosis, pneumothorax and fungal infections...

关键词： respiratory disease history China

Herbal medicine in the treatment of COVID-19 based on the gut-lung axis

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Acupuncture and Herbal Medicine 2022年第3期2卷 172-183页

作者： Qiaoyu He Yumeng Shi Qian Tang Hong Xing Han Zhang Mei Wang Xiaopeng Chen State Key Laboratory of Component-Based Chinese Medicine Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese MedicineTianjinChina LU-European Center for Chinese Medicine and Natural Compounds Institute of BiologyLeiden University/SU BiomedicineLeidenNetherlands

respiratory symptoms are most commonly experienced by patients in the early stages of novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). However, with a better understanding of COVID-19, gastrointestinal symptoms such as diarrhea, nausea, and vomiting haveattracted increasing attention. The gastrointestinal tract may be a target organ of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. The intestinal microecological balance is a crucial factor for homeostasis, including immunity andinflammation, which are closely related to COVID-19. Herbal medicine can restore intestinal function and regulate the gut florastructure. Herbal medicine has a long history of treating lung diseases from the perspective of the intestine, which is called thegut-lung axis. The physiological activities of guts and lungs influence each other through intestinal flora, microflora metabolites,and mucosal immunity. Microecological modulators are included in the diagnosis and treatment protocols for COVID-19. Inthis review, we demonstrate the relationship between COVID-19 and the gut, gut-lung axis, and the role of herbal medicine intreating respiratory diseases originating from the intestinal tract. It is expected that the significance of herbal medicine in treatingrespiratory diseases from the perspective of the intestinal tract could lead to new ideas and methods for treatment.

关键词： COVID-19 Gut-lung axis Gut microbiota Herbal medicine respiratory disease SARS-CoV-2

COPD deaths attributable to ozone in 2019 and future projections using the WHO AQG 2021 in urban China

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Eco-Environment & Health 2022年第4期1卷 251-258页

作者： Mingyao Yao Ying Hu Ao Zhang John SJi Bin Zhao Department of Building Science School of ArchitectureTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Vanke School of Public Health Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Beijing Key Laboratory of Indoor Air Quality Evaluation and Control Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD)is an epidemic in China.Ozone is a possible risk factor of COPD,with ozone concentrations increasing in China,despite air pollution mitigation measures that reduced particulate matter.The WHO Air Quality Guidelines(AQG)recommendations in 2021 are a turning point that formally recognizes the crucial role of indoor air pollution.We aimed to investigate the premature COPD deaths attributable to ozone in 2019,taking the WHO AQG 2021 level into account to determine the gap to bridge ozone control in China.First,we assessed ozone exposures initiated from indoor and outdoor sources by gender and age groups in 344 cities under four scenarios:2019 as a baseline,and outdoor ozone at WHO AQG 2021 level in 2019,2030,and 2050,respectively.Subsequently,we estimated COPD deaths attributable to ozone.The results show that the COPD deaths attributable to ozone are 77,737 in 2019,and 527,872,1355 if the outdoor ozone concentration is reduced to the WHO AQG 2021 level in 2019(counterfactual scenario),2030,and 2050,respectively in urban China.The indoor ozone sources only contribute to less than 5%of COPD deaths.A gap of 68.5μg/m3 for the highest seasonal ozone concentration should be bridged to meet the WHO AQG 2021 and avoid over 76 thousand(98%)COPD deaths in 2019 in urban China.

关键词： Ozone Environmental risk respiratory disease Exposure Mortality Air Quality Guidelines