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Effect of matrix resin components on properties of the semi-conductive shielding material for high-voltage cable

High Voltage 2024年第2期9卷 419-428页

作者： Guochang Li Tianyao Liu Xiaolong Chen Yanhui Wei Chuncheng Hao Shengtao Li Institute of Advanced Electrical Materials Qingdao University of Science and TechnologyQingdaoChina State Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Power Equipment Xi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'anChina

The semi-conductive shielding layer is an important part of the high-voltage cable,playing a role in uniform electric field and reducing the air gap at the interface.The overall performance of the cable is affected by the semi-conductive shielding layer with different base resin composition.The matrix resins of ethylene-vinyl acetate(EVA),ethylene-ethyl acrylate(EEA)and ethylene-butyl acrylate(EBA)were used to prepare the semi-conductive shielding materials of CB/EVA,CB/EEA and CB/EBA.The influences of different matrix resins on the chemical,electrical,thermal and mechanical properties of the shielding materials were investigated.The results show that CB has the best dispersion in EBA resin and the worst dispersion in EEA resin.The temperature in-flection points of CB/EVA,CB/EEA and CB/EBA shielding materials are 90°C,100°C and 110°C,respectively,and the CB/EBA shielding material has the lowest resistivity and the weakest positive temperature coefficient effect at room temperature.The thermal conductivity of all three matrix resins is smaller than that of the shielding material,the thermal conductivity of CB/EVA and CB/EBA shielding materials show a slow increase with temperature,and the CB/EEA shielding material is the least affected by the tem-perature.The mechanical properties of the three matrix resins and the three shielding materials are EBA>EVA>EEA,among them the stress of CB/EBA shielding material is 31.0 MPa and the strain is 570%.This work has important reference significance for the selection of shielding layer matrix resin and material formulation in engineering applications.

关键词： temperature. resin resins

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Toray develops hybrid bonding insulating resin and revolutionary polymer membrane

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China Textile 2024年第3期 52-53页

作者： Toray Industries

This year,Toray Industries,Inc.,announced that it has developed an insulating resin material for hybrid bonding(micro bonding).The material is based on Semicofine™and Photoneece™.These are high-heat-resistant polyimide coatings for semiconductor and display devices.The new material combines a conventional polyimide coating agent with the company’s processing and bonding technologies.It can enhance the yields and reliability of semiconductor devices in the hybrid bonding process,which entails bonding semiconductor chips with metal electrodes.Toray will push ahead with prototyping and providing samples to customers.It aims to obtain materials certification in 2025 and start mass production by 2028.

关键词： coating bonding resin

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resin composition: An indicator of oil maturity as revealed by fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry

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Petroleum Science 2023年第2期20卷 769-775页

作者： Tian Liang Zhao-Wen Zhan Guo-Xiang Wang Yan-Rong Zou State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry Guangzhou Institute of GeochemistryGuangzhouGuangdong510640China CAS Center for Excellence in Deep Earth Science GuangzhouGuangdong510640China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100049China

A pyrolysis experiment was carried out on a Dongying Depression kerogen sample to separate the resin from the oil. Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FT-ICR MS) with a positive-ion detector was used to detect the relative proportional changes in the compounds of the resin. During the whole pyrolysis experiment, the relative ratio of resin exceed 10% of the soluble component at each temperature point. Five compounds were detected from the resin: N1, N1O1, N1O_(2), O1, and O_(2). To research the changes in the proportions of the compounds during pyrolysis clearly, these five compounds were divided into three classes: N1, N1Ox, and Ox. The N1 class has the largest proportion in resin at the beginning of the pyrolysis, while Ox class has the least proportion. And the relationship between the number and the molecular mass of three classes compound was researched. With increasing maturity, the proportion of N1 and the N1Ox class decreased rapidly, while the Ox class increased slowly. Through researching these resin compounds, it was found that an inversion in the proportions of above three compounds appeared at the end of the oil window. At the same time, we found that the DBE and carbon number of resin compounds have changed obviously during the pyrolysis: the DBE increased, while the carbon number decreased significantly. And the details of the change of each compound have been researched. This research extends our knowledge of judging the maturity of crude oil during the pyrolysis through the characteristics of compounds in resin and provides the new index based on resin for the evaluation of thermal evolution stage and hydrocarbon generation capacity of source rocks.

关键词： resin Pyrolysis FT-ICR MS Heteroatom compound Maturity DBE

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Micromechanical interlocking structure at the filler/resin interface for dental composites: a review

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International Journal of Oral Science 2023年第2期15卷 204-216页

作者： Shuning Zhang Xiao Wang Jiawei Yang Hongyan Chen Xinquan Jiang Department of Prosthodontics Shanghai Ninth People’s HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine College of Stomatology Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Advanced Dental Technology and Materials National Center for Stomatology National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology ShanghaiChina

Dental resin composites(DRCs)are popular materials for repairing caries or dental defect,requiring excellent properties to cope with the complex oral environment.Filler/resin interface interaction has a significant im... 详细信息

关键词： composites resin interface

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Mitigation of electrical treeing at high temperature in nano-SiO_(2) doped epoxy resin

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High Voltage 2023年第3期8卷 640-649页

作者： Yuanyuan Li Yang Yang Shuangshuang Yan Zhipeng Lei Meiqing Guo Shanxi Key Laboratory of Mining Electrical Equipment and Intelligent Control College of Electrical and Power EngineeringTaiyuan University of TechnologyTaiyuanShanxiChina Simpson Querrey Institute for BioNanotechnology Northwestern UniversityEvanstonIllinoisUSA State Grid Shanxi Electric Power Company Jinzhong Power Supply Company JinzhongShanxiChina College of Mechanical and Vehicle Engineering Taiyuan University of TechnologyTaiyuanShanxiChina

In this work,electrical tree inception and ageing experiments were conducted to investigate the initiation,growth characteristics and structural characteristics of electrical trees of nano-SiO_(2) doped epoxy resin at different temperatures.Electrical tree inception and ageing experiments were conducted using power frequency voltage of 15 kV at 20,40,60,80 and 100℃.Electrical breakdown properties of epoxy resin were investigated by applying AC and DC voltages at 20,40,80 and 120℃.There are two major observations based on the experimental results.With the increase of temperature,the morphological structure of the electrical trees changes from dendritic to plexiform,the tree inception voltage decreases and the growth rate of the electrical trees increases obviously.Either under DC or AC voltage,the breakdown strength of the nano-SiO_(2) doped epoxy resin decreases as the temperature increases.Finally,based on the space charge and the trap level measurement,the mechanism of the electrical tree propagation and breakdown in nano-SiO_(2) doped epoxy resin was analysed.

关键词： resin electrical strength

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Hygrothermal ageing characterisation of epoxy resin based on transmission characteristics of microwave resonator with interdigital‐capacitor‐shaped defected ground structure

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High Voltage 2023年第6期8卷 1188-1195页

作者： Mi Xiao Wei Zhang Xuguang Wang Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education on Smart Power Grids School of Electrical and Information EngineeringTianjin UniversityTianjinChina

In this article,a method is proposed for the characterisation of epoxy resin thermal and hygrothermal ageing based on microwave resonator with interdigital‐capacitor‐shaped defected ground structure(IDCS‐DGS),which can realise rapid and simple non‐destructive testing of the ageing degree of epoxy resin materials.The resonant frequency of IDCS‐DGS was proved to decrease with the increase of dielectric constant of the around material by means of simulation.The breakdown test at high voltage showed the deterio-ration of epoxy resin after hygrothermal ageing,which is caused by moisture absorption and hydrolysis process.In addition,thermal ageing also caused a decline in the insulation per-formance of epoxy resin samples.Accelerated oxidation of epoxy resin samples at high temperatures produces polar molecules that increase the dielectric constant of the samples.As for the hygrothermal ageing samples,the entrance of polar water molecules will increase the dielectric constant of epoxy resin,and thus make an effect on the resonant frequency of IDCS‐DGS.The tests of transmission performance show that after the hygrothermally aged epoxy resin samples were put on the microwave sensor,the resonant frequency decreased continuously with hygrothermal ageing time,and the deviations of resonant frequency are highly consistent with the weight variation rate of the samples.

关键词： resin thermal microwave

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Preliminary study on the safety and efficacy of a new polymyxin B-immoblized resin column in treatment of LPS-induced sepsis beagles

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Animal Models and Experimental Medicine 2022年第2期5卷 161-171页

作者： Yonggui Li Zhenggen Yang Jialiang Hu Zhennan Lin Research and Development Center Guangzhou Koncen Bioscience Co.Ltd.GuangzhouPR China Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Hemoadsorption Technology GuangzhouPR China

Background:This study aims to assess the safety and efficacy of direct hemoperfu-sion using a new polymyxin B-immobilized resin column(disposable endotoxin ad-sorber,KCEA)in an endotoxin/lipopolysaccharide(LPS)-induced sepsis model.Methods:Eighteen beagles were randomized into 1 intervention group(KCEA group,n=6)and 2 control groups(sham group and model group,n=6 each).Sepsis was in-duced by continuous intravenous application of 0.5 mg/kg body weight of endotoxin for 60 min.An extracorporeal hemoperfusion device made with KCEA for endotoxin adsorption was used.Model group beagles received standard treatment with fluids and vasoactive drugs,KCEA group beagles received standard treatment and direct hemoperfusion of KCEA for 2 h,and sham group beagles were treated with standard treatment and direct hemoperfusion of a sham column for 2 h.Results:Good blood compatibility of KCEA was confirmed by assessing clinical pa-rameters.Blood endotoxin peak levels in the KCEA group were significantly lower,resulting in a significant suppression of IL-6,TNF-αand procalcitonin,which improved mean arterial pressure and significantly lowered vasopressor demand,thereby pro-tecting organ function and improving survival time and rate.In the KCEA group,MAP was significantly higher over 6 h than those recorded both in the sham group and model group.The 7-day survival rates of the KCEA,sham and model groups were 50%,0%and 0%,respectively.Conclusion:KCEA hemoadsorption was effective at detoxifying circulatory endotoxin and inflammatory mediators and contributed to the decreased mortality rate in the sepsis beagles.

关键词： endotoxin hemoadsorption polymyxin B sulfate resin sepsis

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Mechanism on improved surface flashover performances in vacuum of epoxy resin using fluorocarbon plasma treatment

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High Voltage 2022年第3期7卷 420-428页

作者： Sile Chen Tao Cheng Zhaoquan Chen Guanjun Zhang School of Electrical and Information Engineering Anhui University of TechnologyMa'anshanAnhuiChina State Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Power Equipment School of Electrical EngineeringXi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'anShaanxiChina

To improve the insulation,strength of materials is a permanent topic in the fields of high voltage and insulation,and surface insulation is one of the difficulties.Research shows that the surface fluorination by a non-equilibrium plasma is a promising method to enhance the surface flashover characteristics of insulating materials.However,the de-terminants of flashover characteristics are so many that the mechanism is not well known.This paper aims to find out the reasons for the surface insulation improvement and optimise the plasma process parameters.The epoxy resin surfaces are modified by a fluorocarbon plasma,and the flashover voltages in vacuum and secondary electron emission yield are tested experimentally.Combined with the state of the art and the authors'previous work,the mechanism of improved surface flashover performances is investigated in depth from three aspects:the plasma process parameters,the surface physical and chemical properties and the surface electrical performances.A compre-hensive understanding of the mechanism is concluded,of which the whole processes from the plasma surface modification of materials to the surface insulation performances are taken into account.It is hopeful to promote the practical applications of plasma fluorination in electrical engineering through the findings of this paper.

关键词： insulation flash resin

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Numerical simulation of the interfacial stress between epoxy resin and metal conductor of power equipment during epoxy curing

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High Voltage 2022年第5期7卷 903-915页

作者： Chuang Wang Gang Zhou Qing Sun Chi Chen Zaiqin Zhang Hui Li ZongRen Peng School of Electrical Engineering Xi'an University of TechnologyXi'anChina State Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Power Equipment Xi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'anChina

There are many metal and epoxy resin interfacial structures in power equipments,which can generate interfacial stress concentrations and may induce accidents due to epoxy curing.In this paper,through simplifying interface structure into a coaxial cylindrical model,the formation mechanism of interfacial stress concentration of this interface structure was studied during epoxy resin curing process.The strain and temperature at the interface were measured by the strain and temperature measurement system.Then a model for calculating the interface stress distribution was established,including the heat conduction module,curing dynamics module and curing deformation module.The validity of the model was verified by comparing the calculated results with the measured results.In addition,the air gap defects at the interface,appearing after the curing process,were simulated.The results show that,after the curing process,the first principal stress at the centre of the interface gradually increases from the centre to the edge,reaching 41.06 and 40.20 MPa at the upper and lower edges respectively.The existence of air gap leads to partial discharge at low voltage.The calculation model can be extended to the stress prediction between the metal and epoxy resin in other power equipments.

关键词： resin curing interfacial

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Non‐linearly conductive ZnO microvaristors/epoxy resin composite prepared by wet winding with polyester fibre cloth

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High Voltage 2022年第1期7卷 32-40页

作者： Zhikang Yuan Jun Hu Zhiwen Huang Gang Sun Ya Sun Jinliang He Department of Electrical Engineering State Key Laboratory of Power SystemsTsinghua UniversityBeijingChina

ZnO microvaristors/epoxy resin composite has drawn great attention from academia and industry for its adjustable non‐linear conductivity,high mechanical strength,and good ageing resistance.However,the sedimentation of ZnO microvaristors in epoxy resin during preparation is the key problem,which limits its application in engineering.In this study,a novel method of wet winding with polyester fibre cloth is proposed to prepare the ZnO microvaristors/epoxy resin composite.The anti‐settling effect of ZnO micro-varistors in the composite is verified by scanning electron microscopy(SEM)and thermal gravimetric analysis(TGA).The microstructure shows that ZnO microvaristors distribute uniformly in the composite,and the content difference of ZnO microvaristors at the top and bottom part is only 0.4%.The composite shows typical non‐linear conductivity,and the threshold electric field and the non‐linear coefficient decrease with the content of ZnO microvaristors,while the conductivity in the insulating state shows an increasing trend.To verify the field grading effect of the composite with non‐linear conductivity(CNC),a finite element model of a needle‐plate electrode,simulating the condition of a conductive tip in a solid insulated system,is set up.CNC can adaptively grade the electric field,which reduces the surface electric field of the needle tip by 86.6%and the highest electric field in the system by 82.1%.This wet winding method solidifies the industrial application of CNC in high‐voltage power equipment.

关键词： composite resin winding

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