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Deep cleaning of a metallurgical zinc leaching residue and recovery of valuable metals

International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2017年第11期24卷 1217-1227页

作者： Peng Xing Bao-zhong Ma Peng Zeng Cheng-yan Wang Ling Wang Yong-lu Zhang Yong-qiang Chen Shuo Wang Qiu-yin Wang School of Metallurgical and Ecological Engineering University of Science and Technology Beijing Beijing 100083 China Yunnan Yuntong Zinc Co. Ltd. Kunming 650051 China Faculty of Metallurgical and Energy Engineering Kunming University of Science and Technology Kunming 650093 China

Huge quantities of zinc leaching residues(ZLRs) generated from zinc production are dumped continuously around the world and pose a potential environmental threat because of their considerable amounts of entrained heavy metals(mainly lead). Most ZLRs have not been properly treated and the valuable metals in them have not yet been effectively recovered. Herein, the deep cleaning of a ZLR and recovery of valuable metals via a hydrometallurgical route were investigated. The cleaning process consists of two essential stages: acid leaching followed by calcium chloride leaching. The optimum conditions for extracting zinc, copper, and indium by acid leaching were a sulfuric acid concentration of 200 g·L^(-1), a liquid/solid ratio of 4:1(m L/g), a leaching time of 2 h, and a temperature of 90°C. For lead and silver extractions, the optimum conditions were a calcium chloride concentration of 400 g·L^(-1), a pH value of 1.0, a leaching time of 1 h, and a temperature of 30°C. After calcium chloride leaching, silver and lead were extracted out and the lead was finally recovered as electrolytic lead by electrowinning. The anglesite phase, which poses the greatest potential environmental hazard, was removed from the ZLR after deep cleaning, thus reducing the cost of environmental management of ZLRs. The treatment of chlorine and spent electrolyte generated in the process was discussed.

关键词： deep cleaning zinc leaching residue zinc lead leaching electrowinning

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Fluidization of binary mixtures of sisal residue and sand:A new model for deriving the final fluidization velocity

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Particuology 2018年第5期16卷 10-22页

作者： David Vasconcelos Gabriele Batalha Luis Gabriel Pereira Carlos Augusto Pires Chemical Reaction Engineering Laboratory Federal University of Bahia40.210-910SalvadorBABrazil

The influence of different factors on the fiuidization of a binary mixture of sisal residue and sand was investigated.The particle sizes of the sand and sisal residue were varied from 0.2to 0.8mm and the biomass mass fractions from 2% to 9%.Some segregation was noted,and a significant relationship was found among the final fluidization velocity (Uff),the biomass and sand sizes,and the biomass mass fraction.A novel model was developed for predicting Uff,leading to an average discrepancy of 12.69% between the measured and predicted Uff compared with the best match of 15.32% when using a model from a previous paper.The new model was applied to data from studies using other biomass and a broad range of particle characteristics.The average divergences from measured values when using the new model were 7.9% for corn cob and walnut shell,and 20.5% for sweet sorghum bagasse,tobacco residue, and soy hulls.These were superior to the values derived using other models.Our results confirm the accuracy of the model developed in this work and show that it represents a viable alternative way to calculate Uff for a binary mixture of sand and biomass.

关键词： Fluidization Binary mixture Sisal residue Final fluidization velocity model

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Upgrading VFAs bioproduction from waste activated sludge via co-fermentation with soy sauce residue

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2019年第1期13卷 53-62页

作者： Yanqing Duan Aijuan Zhou Kaili Wen Zhihong Liu Wenzong Liu Aijie Wang Xiuping Yue College of Environ mental Science and Engineering Taiyuan University of Technology Taiyuan 030024 China Shanxi Engineer Research Institute of Sludge Disposition and Resources Taiyuan University of Technology Taiyuan 030024 China Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100085 China State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment Harbin Institute of Technology (SKLUWRE HIT) Harbin 150091 China

Conditioning of extra carbon sources has been widely reported to facilitate fermentation of waste activated sludge (WAS). Soy sauce residue (SSR) was a relatively untapped carbon source for sludge conditioning. This batch study aimed to evaluate the possible implementation of SSR for volatile fatty acids (VFAs) production from WAS. To upgrade the bioavailability of feedstock, three typical pretreatment methods were conducted, i.e., ammonium hydroxide (AH), sulfuric acids (SA) and thermal assisted alkaline (TA). AH pretreated test (AH-PT) outperformed due to a relatively strong structure decomposition of cellulosic materials as revealed by infrared spectroscopic analysis and crystal index. As a result, performed a high hydrolysis rate of 4449 mg COD/d, 1.12-1.23-fold higher than that in TA and SA pretreated tests (TA-PT and SA-PT), and 7.8-fold higher than that in the Control test. Meanwhile, a volatile fatty acids (VFAs) contribution of 401.2 mg COD/g SSR L and a maximum acidification rate of 3.59 d was recorded, with a high sum proportion of mall molecular acetic and propionic 82.2%, 11%-70% increase over the other three tests. Besides, speciation process characterized with functional genus differentiation was identified by microbial diversity and distribution investigation and canonical correspondence analysis (CCA). Finally, a potential market value of 0.49-0.65 Billion €/year was preliminary estimated, showing promise of resource recovery from both WAS and SSR instead of extensive disposal.

关键词： Waste activated sludge (WAS) Soy sauce residue (SSR) Sludge conditioning Volatile fatty acids (VFAs) Microbial diversity

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Recovery of polyphenols from camu-camu(Myrciaria dubia H.B.K.McVaugh)depulping residue by cloud point extraction

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2018年第12期26卷 2471-2476页

作者： Carlos Eduardo de Araujo Padilha Juliana Chris Silva de Azevedo Francisco Caninde de Sousa Junior Sergio Dantas de Oliveira Junior Domingos Fabiano de Santana Souza Jackson Araujo de Oliveira Gorete Ribeiro de Macedo Everaldo Silvino dos Santos Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering Chemical Engineering Department Federal University of Rio Grande do Notre(UFRN)NatalRNBrazil Laboratory of Food Bioactive Compounds and Dairy Technology Chemical Engineering DepartmentFederal University of Rio Grande do Notre(UFRN)NatalRNBrazil

In this study the potential of cloud point extraction formed by a non-ionic surfactant was used in order to separate polyphenols from industrial residues of camu-camu. The effects of operational conditions of the cloud point extraction(CPE) on the polyphenol recovery and volumetric ratio were investigated. The results showed a maximum recovery of 95.71% that was obtained using 7.0 wt% Triton X-114, native pH(3.25), and 80 wt%polyphenol extract at 30 °C. The use of cloud point extraction was successful to recover the polyphenols from agroindustrial residue since it is a simple as well as of low-cost technique.

关键词： Cloud point extraction Recovery Polyphenols Camu-camu Depulping residue

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Interface reaction during titanium alloys investment casting by residue gas in ceramic mold

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Rare Metals 2019年第4期38卷 327-335页

作者： Ya-Meng Wei Zhi-Gang Lu Xin-Yi Li Xin Guo Department of Mechanical Engineering Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China State Key Laboratory of Tribology Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084 China Academy of Opto-Eletronics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100094 China

The chemical reaction between mold material and titanium melt during investment casting was studied intensively. However, the in fluence of residue gas in ceramic mold on interface reaction remains unclear. In this investigation, the effect of residue gas in Y2O3-silica sol shell mold on interface reaction during Ti-6A1-4V alloy investment casting was investigated. Two groups of shell molds were prepared by adding different kinds of pore formers, i.e., spherical starch particles or nylon fibers, respectively. Ti-6Al-4V alloy was cast under vacuum by gravity casting through cold crucible induction melting (CCIM) method. Porosity of different shell molds was measured based on Archimedean method. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) were employed to characterize the micromorphology and composition of the reaction area, respectively. White light interferometer (WLI) was used to obtain the surface topography of the shell mold. The results show that the direct chemical reaction is very weak for all specimens. The release of residue gas in closed pores is the key factor influencing surface defects. However, open pores make nearly no difference on the interface reaction.

关键词： Titanium alloy Investment casting residue gas Y2O3: Silica sol

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Optimization of hydrothermal pretreatment for co-utilization of xylose and glucose of cassava anaerobic residue for producing ethanol

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2019年第4期27卷 920-927页

作者： Huisheng Lü Jinyi Zhou Jiatao Liu Chunliu Lü Feng Lian Yonghui Li Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of Ministry of Education R&D Center for Petrochemical Technology Tianjin University Tianjin 300072 China Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering Tianjin 300072 China

The development of a process that could recover biofuel from industrial cellulose waste can not only reduce the negative environmental impacts by using fossil fuels, but also bring a green idea for the waste’s disposing. In this study, hydrothermal pretreatment was optimized for cassava anaerobic residue, a cellulosic waste from cassava ethanol industry, to co-utilize xylose and glucose for producing bioethanol. The effect of the main pretreatment conditions, namely, temperature, solid content and time, was explored for the highest recovery of xylose in prehydrolysate and glucose in enzymatic hydrolysate. The single factor experiment results showed that the conditions for maximum xylose recovery in prehydrolysate and glucose recovery in enzymatic hydrolysate were 60℃, 75 min, 10% solids and 160℃, 75 min, 10% solids, respectively. Whereafter, response surface methodology(RSM) was applied to further optimize the pretreatment conditions for the maximum theoretical ethanol production through utilizing both xylose and glucose. A treatment at 163℃, for 59 min and with 9.5%solids was found optimal, with the highest ethanol production of 20.2 mg·g^-1 raw material. Furthermore, in order to assess the impacts of the pretreatment on cassava anaerobic residue, the changes in crystallinity and morphology for untreated and pretreated solids were investigated.

关键词： Waste treatment Biofuel Hydrothermal Cassava anaerobic residue Co-utilization Response surface methodology

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Molybdenum recovery from oxygen pressure water leaching residue of Ni-Mo ore

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Rare Metals 2013年第2期32卷 208-212页

作者： Ming-Shuang Wang Chang Wei Gang Fan Zhi-Gan Deng Si-Fu Wang Jun Wu Faculty of Metallurgical and Energy Engineering Kunming University of Science and Technology

This article investigated molybdenum recovery from oxygen pressure water leaching residue of Ni-Mo ore using alkaline leaching, followed by chemical treatment of leach liquor. Parameters affecting Mo leaching rate, such as sodium hydroxide concentration, reaction time, a liquid- to-solid ratio, and temperature for the preliminary alkaline leaching were experimentally determined. The results showed that more than 88 % of molybdenum was leached under the optimum conditions （2.5 ml.g-1 NaOH, 80 ℃, a liquid to solid ratio 3 ml.g-1, and reaction time 3 h）. After the purification of leach liquor, a CaMoO4 product of 99.2 % purity could be obtained by CaCla precipitation method. The whole Mo recovery reached about 82.7 %.

关键词： Mo recovery residue Alkaline leaching Calcium molybdate

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Influence of dispersants on coal-water slurry prepared from the solid residue of plasma pyrolysis of coal

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2020年第2期28卷 566-570页

作者： Chao Qian Liang Zhao Xin Ge Xinzhi Chen School of Chemical and Biological Engineering Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310027China School of Chemical and Material Engineering Jiangnan UniversityWuxi 214122China

This work presents the influence of dispersants on coal-water slurry(CWS),which was prepared from the solid residue of plasma pyrolysis of coal.The effects of dispersant type,solid concentration,dispersant content,and temperature on the rheological properties of CWS are examined.A suitable empirical model regarding the relation between viscosity and temperature is proposed.Through the sedimentation experiment of CWS,dispersants are found to significantly promote the stability of CWS.

关键词： Plasma pyrolysis of coal Solid residue Dispersants CWS Rheology

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The Noncommutative residue about Witten Deformation

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Acta Mathematica Sinica,English Series 2019年第4期35卷 550-568页

作者： Kai Hua BAO Ai Hui SUN Chao DENG School of Mathematics Ineer Mongolia University for Nationnalities College of Mathematics Jilin Normal University School of Mathematics and Statistics Northeast Normal University

In this paper, we compute lower dimensional volumes Vol_4^((1,1)) and Vol_6^((2,2)) about Witten deformation for 4, 6-dimensional spin manifolds with boundary respectively, and get assosiated Kastler–Kalau–Walze type theorems. We also give theoritic explaination of the gravitational action for 4, 6 dimensional manifolds with boundary by these noncommutative residues.

关键词： Lower-dimensional volumes noncommutative residue gravitational action Witten deformation

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Elimination of ceftiofur hydrochloride residue in postpartum cows' milk after intramammary infusing at dry-off

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2018年第6期17卷 1234-1240页

作者： KANG Ji-jun LIU Yi-ming ZHAO Lei-lei XU Fei CHEN Xiao-jie YAN Xing LI Xiu-bo Feed Research Institute Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences

The purpose of this study was to investigate the residue elimination of ceftiofur hydrochloride in milk of postpartum cows after intramammary infusing at dry-off. An ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry （UPLC-MS/ MS） method was developed and validated to detect ceftiofur hydrochloride residue in milk. Through preprocessing, ceftiofur hydrochloride was derivatized into a more stable compound dedfuroyl ceftiofur acetamide （DCA） for further analysis. The linear range of DCA was 0.1 to 50 μg kg-1. Average recoveries of DCA were 82.52-105.86％. The intra-day and interday coefficients of variation （CV） were 2.95-9.82 and 6.41-7.43％, respectively. The limit of detection （LOD） and limit of quantitation （LOQ） scores were 0.05 and 0.1 μg kg-1, respectively. These parameters showed this method was reliable and valid. Twelve cows were administrated 10 mL ceftiofur hydrochloride by intramammary infusion （corresponding to 500 mg ceftiofur） to each udder after the last milking before the dry-off period. Milk was collected from each udder of cow at 12, 24, 36, 48, 60 and 72 h after calving and was mixed for each time point and each cow, then subjected to UPLC-MS/MS analysis. The results showed, the DCA concentrations in all milk samples were less than LOQ and the maximum residue limit （MRL） 100 μg kg-1, which suggested the withdrawal time of ceftiofur hydrochloride intramammary infusion used for preventing and curing mastitis in dry cows was 0 day. The study provided guidance for the clinical applications of ceftiofur hydrochloride intramammary infusion （dry cow）.

关键词： ceftiofur hydrochloride intramammary infusing dry cows milk residue

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