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Crowdsourced requirements engineering Challenges and Solutions:A Software Industry Perspective

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Computer Systems Science & engineering 2021年第11期39卷 221-236页

作者： Huma Hayat Khan Muhammad Noman Malik Youseef Alotaibi Abdulmajeed Alsufyani Saleh Alghamdi Department of Software engineering National University of Modern LanguagesIslamabadPakistan Department of Computer Science National University of Modern LanguagesIslamabadPakistan Department of Computer Science College of Computer and Information SystemsUmm Al-Qura UniversityMakkahSaudi Arabia Department of Computer Science College of Computers and Information TechnologyTaif UniversityPO Box 11099TaifSaudi Arabia Department of Information Technology College of Computers and Information TechnologyTaif UniversityTaifSaudi Arabia

Software crowdsourcing(SW CS)is an evolving software development paradigm,in which crowds of people are asked to solve various problems through an open call(with the encouragement of prizes for the top solutions).Because of its dynamic nature,SW CS has been progressively accepted and adopted in the software ***,issues pertinent to the understanding of requirements among crowds of people and requirements engineers are yet to be clarified and *** the requirements are not clear to the development team,it has a significant effect on the quality of the software *** study aims to identify the potential challenges faced by requirements engineers when conducting the SW–CS based requirements engineering(RE)***,solutions to overcome these challenges are also *** data analysis is performed on the interview data collected from software industry ***,20 SW–CS based RE challenges and their subsequent proposed solutions are devised,which are further grouped under seven *** study is beneficial for academicians,researchers and practitioners by providing detailed SW–CS based RE challenges and subsequent solutions that could eventually guide them to understand and effectively implement RE in SW CS.

关键词： Software crowdsourced requirements engineering software industry software development survey challenges

Effective Hybrid Content-Based Collaborative Filtering Approach for requirements engineering

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Computer Systems Science & engineering 2022年第1期40卷 113-125页

作者： Qusai Y.Shambour Abdelrahman H.Hussein Qasem M.Kharma Mosleh M.Abualhaj Faculty of Information Technology Al-Ahliyya Amman UniversityAmman19328Jordan

requirements engineering(RE)is among the most valuable and critical processes in software *** quality of this process significantly affects the success of a software *** important step in RE is requirements elicitation,which involves collecting project-related requirements from different *** of reusable requirements are typically important sources of an increasing number of reusable software ***,the process of searching such repositories to collect valuable project-related requirements is time-consuming and difficult to perform *** systems have been widely recognized as an effective solution to such ***,this study proposes an effective hybrid content-based collaborative filtering recommendation *** proposed approach will support project stake-holders in mitigating the risk of missing requirements during requirements elicitation by identifying related requirements from software requirement *** experimental results on the RALIC dataset demonstrate that the proposed approach considerably outperforms baseline collaborative filtering-based recom-mendation methods in terms of prediction accuracy and coverage in addition to mitigating the data sparsity and cold-start item problems.

关键词： requirements engineering recommender systems requirements elicitation collaborative filtering content-based filtering

Icons:Visual Representation to Enrich requirements engineering Work

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Journal of Software engineering and Applications 2013年第11期6卷 610-622页

作者： Sukanya Khanom Anneli Heimbürger Tommi Karkkainen Department of Mathematical Information Technology University of JyvaskylaJyvaskylaFinland

Adapting icons in requirements engineering can support the multifaceted needs of stakeholders. Conventional approaches to RE are mainly highlighted in diagrams. This paper introduces icon-based information as a way to represent ideas and concepts in the requirements engineering domain. We report on icon artifacts that support requirements engineering work such as priority types, status states and stakeholder kinds. We evaluate how users interpret meanings of icons and the efficacy of icon prototypes shaped to represent those requirements attributes. Our hypothesis is whether practitioners can recognize the icons’ meaning in terms of their functional representation. According to the empirical data from 45 participants, the findings demonstrate the probability of providing users with icons and their intended functions that correspond to RE artifacts in a novel yet effective manner. Based on these findings, we suggest that icons could enrich stakeholders’ perception of the RE process as a whole;however, meaningful interpretation of an icon is subject to the user’s prior knowledge and experience.

关键词： requirements engineering Icon Culture Stakeholder Visual Language

A CONTRIBUTION TO THE SCIENTIFIC FOUNDATIONS OF SYSTEMS engineering： SOLUTION SPACES AND requirements

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Journal of Systems Science and Systems engineering 2017年第5期26卷 549-589页

作者： Alejandro Salado Roshanak Nilchiani Dinesh Verma Grado Department of Industrial and Systems engineering Virginia Tech Blacksburg VA 24061 USA School of Systems and Enterprises Stevens Institute of Technology Hoboken N J 07030 USA

Some researchers have suggested that scientific foundations expressed in a mathematical form are needed to thrust the success of systems engineering as a discipline on its own merit. In order to contribute the development of such systems science, this paper investigates from a foundational standpoint the relationships between stakeholder needs, system requirements, and sets of systems. Various theorems and corollaries are proposed and mathematically proven. The theoretical elements are presented as a foundation for the development of a science for requirements engineering. The proposed foundations are finally tested to mathematically describe, in a rigorous and precise manner, qualities of good requirements, which are otherwise traditionally defined using vague narrative. By showcasing practical examples of the theoretical aspects, the paper is intended to serve as a bridge between practitioners and theorists.

关键词： Systems science systems theory requirements engineering mathematical formulation,requirements qualities formal concepts

A PRIORITY-BASED NEGOTIATIONS APPROACH FOR HANDLING INCONSISTENCIES IN MULTI-PERSPECTIVE SOFTWARE requirements

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Journal of Systems Science & Complexity 2008年第4期21卷 574-596页

作者： Kedian MU Zhi JIN Didar ZOWGHI School of Mathematical Sciences Peking University Beijing 100871 China. Academy of Mathematics and System Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China. Faculty of engineering and Information Technology University of Technology Sydney NSW 2007 Australia.

Inconsistency of multi-perspective requirements specifications is a pervasive issue during the requirements process. However, managing inconsistency is not just a pure technical problem. It is always associated with a process of interactions and competitions among corresponding stakeholders. The main contribution of this paper is to present a negotiations approach to handling inconsistencies in multi-perspective software requirements. In particular, the priority of requirements relative to each perspective plays an important role in proceeding negotiation over resolving inconsistencies among different stakeholders. An algorithm of generating negotiation proposals and an approach to evaluating proposals are also presented in this paper, respectively.

关键词： Automated negotiation inconsistency management requirements engineering the priority of requirements viewpoints.

Economical requirements Elicitation Techniques During COVID-19: A Systematic Literature Review

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2021年第5期67卷 2665-2680页

作者： Tauqeer ul Amin Basit Shahzad Fazal-e-Amin Muhammad Shoaib Department of Software engineering National University of Modern LanguagesIslamabadPakistan Department of Software engineering College of Computer and Information SciencesKing Saud UniversityRiyadhSaudi Arabia

requirements elicitation is a fundamental phase of software development in which an analyst discovers the needs of different stakeholders and transforms them into *** phase is cost-and time-intensive,and a project may fail if there are excessive costs and schedule ***-19 has affected the software industry by reducing interactions between developers and *** a lack of interaction is a key reason for the failure of software *** can also fail when customers do not know precisely what they ***,selecting the unsuitable elicitation technique can also cause project *** present study,therefore,aimed to identify which requirements elicitation technique is the most cost-effective for large-scale projects when time to market is a critical issue or when the customer is not *** that end,we conducted a systematic literature review on requirements elicitation *** primary studies identified introspection as the best technique,followed by survey and *** finding suggests that introspection should be the first choice of elicitation technique,especially when the customer is not available or the project has strict time and cost ***,introspection should also be used as the starting point in the elicitation process of a large-scale project,and all known requirements should be elicited using this technique.

关键词： COVID-19 software engineering requirements engineering requirements elicitation introspection project failure SLR on elicitation techniques large-scale projects economical elicitation techniques costeffective time constraints

requirements Analyses Integrating Goals and Problem Analysis Techniques

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Tsinghua Science and Technology 2007年第6期12卷 729-740页

作者：刘璘金芝 School of Software Tsinghua University Academy of Mathematics and System Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences

One of the difficulties that goal-oriented requirements analyses encounters is that the efficiency of the goal refinement is based on the analysts＇ subjective knowledge and experience. To improve the efficiency of the requirements elicitation process, engineers need approaches with more systemized analysis techniques. This paper integrates the goal-oriented requirements language i＊ with concepts from a structured problem analysis notation, problem frames （PF）. The PF approach analyzes software design as a contextualized problem which has to respond to constraints imposed by the environment. The proposed approach is illustrated using the meeting scheduler exemplar. Results show that integration of the goal and the problem analysis enables simultaneous consideration of the designer＇s subjective intentions and the physical environmental constraints.

关键词： requirements engineering method engineering goal analysis problem frames

SYSTEMS engineering RESEARCH

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Journal of Systems Science and Systems engineering 2008年第3期17卷 319-333页

作者： Abd-El-Kader SAHRAOUI Dennis M.BUEDE Andrew P.SAGE LAAS-CNRS and Universitéde Toulouse 7 Avenue du Colonel Roche Toulouse31077France Innovative Decisions Inc.2139 Golf Course Dr.RestonVA 20191 USA Dept.of Systems engineering and Operations Research George Mason UniversityFairfaxVA 22030 USA

In this paper, we propose selected research topics that are believed central to progress and growth in the application of systems engineering （SE）. As a professional activity, and as an intellectual activity, systems engineering has strong links to such associated disciplines as decision analysis, operation research, project management, quality management, and systems design. When focussing on systems engineering research, we should distinguish between subjects that are of systems engineering essence and others that more closely correspond to those that are more relevant for related disciplines.

关键词： Systems engineering systems of systems requirements engineering systems families

Automated Analysis of the SCR-Stylerequirements Specifications

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Journal of Computer Science & Technology 1999年第4期14卷 401-407页

作者：毋国庆刘翔应时玉井哲雄 State Key Lab. of Software engineering Wuhan University Wuhan P.R. China Graduate School of Art and Sciences University of Tokyo Tokyo Japan

The SCR (Software Cost Reduction) requirements method is aneffective method for specifying software system requirements. This paper presents aformal model analyzing SCR-style requirements. The analysis model mainly appliesstate translation rules, semantic computing rules and attributes to define formal se-mantics of a tabular notation in the SCR requirements method, and may be used toanalyze requirements specifications to be specified by the SCR requirements *** a simple example, this paper introduces how to analyze consistency and com-pleteness of requirements specifications.

关键词： requirements engineering requirements specifications mode tran-sition rule requirements analysis